Wave propagation across a finite heterogeneous interphase modeled as an interface with material properties

Mechanical problems involving an interphase between two well-defined, and eventually different, materials are of interest. The aim of this paper is to present a simplified model that, for low frequency regime, is appropriate for this situation: an interface model with elastic and inertial properties. We present, together with the equations of motion, an identification procedure that is valid for any mass density profile along the thickness of the interphase. For evaluating the accuracy of the model, computations of the reflection coefficients in some relevant cases are shown. Besides, a finite element method is used as a benchmark for both the high and low frequency regimes. It is worth to be noted that the numerical test has been inspired by the problem of the interphase that is formed at the bone-implant boundary.     

Disjoining pressure and the film-height-dependent surface tension of thin liquid films: New insight from capillary wave fluctuations

In this paper we review simulation and experimental studies of thermal capillary wave fluctuations as an ideal means for probing the underlying disjoining pressure and surface tensions, and more generally, fine details of the Interfacial Hamiltonian Model. We discuss recent simulation results that reveal a film-height-dependent surface tension not accounted for in the classical Interfacial Hamiltonian Model. We show how this observation may be explained bottom-up from sound principles of statistical thermodynamics and discuss some of its implications.     

Effect of permanent magnet configuration on discharge characteristics in cylindrical Hall thrusters

Magnetic field design is important in cylindrical Hall thrusters and using permanent magnets to generate magnetic field is very promising in the future. In two typical permanent magnet configurations (i.e., ring and cylindrical configurations) of cylindrical Hall thrusters, discharge characteristics are compared in this paper through the experiments and simulations. The study shows that the cylindrical configuration can bring about higher thruster performance in the same working condition. The reason is that the potential drop of the cylindrical configuration is mainly concentrated in the channel, which is beneficial for the electrons to obtain energy to promote the ionization of the propellant. However, the voltage regulation range of the cylindrical configuration is lower because the anode is more easily overheated.     

Non‐self‐adjoint singular second‐order dynamic operators on time scale

In this study, maximal dissipative second‐order dynamic operators on semi‐infinite time scale are studied in the Hilbert space , that the extensions of a minimal symmetric operator in limit‐point case. We construct a self‐adjoint dilation of the dissipative operator together with its incoming and outgoing spectral representations so that we can determine the scattering function of the dilation as stated in the scheme of Lax‐Phillips. Moreover, we construct a functional model of the dissipative operator and identify its characteristic function in terms of the Weyl‐Titchmarsh function of a self‐adjoint second‐order dynamic operator. Finally, we prove the theorems on completeness of the system of root functions of the dissipative and accumulative dynamic operators.     

复杂换热网络MINLP中的非线性特性分析

针对复杂换热网络MINLP问题,本文应用多维函数渐变法探索和分析了连续变量和整型变量引起的网络性能非线性和非凸特性。研究表明,当系统规模增大时,不但连续变量的叠加效应将增加系统的非线性,整型变量将使得非线性特性更为严重。     

三维荧光光谱的特征区域选择方法

将数学中的二元凸函数判定和数据挖掘中的聚类分析方法结合,提出了针对三维荧光的光谱区域选择方法,并利用此种方法从光谱图中提取出含有丰富光谱信息的凸集区域。对水体中总有机碳的检测和白酒中黄曲霉素的检测进行了实验研究,实验结果表明,采用本文提出的三维荧光光谱区域选择方法提高了模型的精度,与利用全光谱所建立的回归模型相比,模型精度分别提高了6.17%和4.97%。     

The secondary X-ray fluorescence and absorption near the interface of multi-material: Case of EDS microanalysis

A simple model is proposed to take into account secondary X-ray fluorescence and absorption effects near the interface. This model is based on the investigation of the shape change of the first derivative equation that can fit the sigmoidal EDS profile obtained when a high vacuum electron beam passes through the interface of two adjacent materials. The contribution of the photoelectric absorption of primary X-rays (characteristic and Bremsstrahlung) and the secondary fluorescence on the degradation of the X-ray spatial resolution can be easily quantified. The close agreement between the simulated (Monte Carlo simulation using the Casino software) and the experimental data serves to assess the reliability of this developed model.     

Interfacial mechano-chemical grafting in styrene-butadiene rubber/halloysite nanotubes composites

SBR/unmodified HNT composites were prepared by open-mill mixing and vulcanization. The results showed that HNT could decrease the scorch and optimum cure time, and play a significant role in reinforcing SBR vulcanizates. Mechano-chemical grafting at the interface between HNT and SBR was investigated by using infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), solid-state ¹³C NMR spectra and bonded rubber content, etc. The results showed the shearing force during the mixing process can impel the grafting reaction of SBR onto the surfaces of HNT, which leads to interfacial chemical bonding between phenyl’s α-H of SBR and the surface groups of HNT with Si-OH or Al-OH. Thus, the mechanical properties of the composites were significantly enhanced.