双酰基脲新化合物的合成与杀虫活性

报道了含双酰基脲新化合物的合成，经元素分析、IR、^1HNMR确定了新化合物的结构，部分化合物具有良好杀虫活性。     

Synthesis and insecticidal activity of new substituted N-aryl-N′-benzoylthiourea compounds

Eight new substituted N-aryl-N′-benzoylthioureas have been synthesised by a facile and mild method with high yield at room temperature. The structures of all compounds were confirmed by NMR, mass and high resolution mass spectroscopy. The preliminary bioassay tests show that two of the compounds (5b and 5e) exhibited a significant insecticidal activity on armyworm, Leucania separata Walker, at 500 mg l⁻¹.     

Design,synthesis, bioactivity and mechanism of action of novel myricetin derivatives containing amide and hydrazide

A series of myricetin derivatives containing amide and hydrazide were designed and synthesized. All the compounds were characterized by NMR and HRMS. Bioactivity test showed that some of the target compounds had excellent anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity. In particular, the median effective concentration (EC₅₀) values of the anti-TMV curative and protective activities of N-(2-(2-(2-((5,7-dimethoxy-4-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy)acetyl)hydrazineyl)-2-oxoethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (G9) were 202.3 and 164.0 μg/mL respectively, superior to ningnanmycin (329.1, 230.3 μg/mL). Microscale thermophoresis (MST) and molecular docking showed that G9 had an excellent binding affinity with tobacco mosaic virus coat protein (TMV-CP) (K_d = 0.158 ± 0.024 μM), which was better than that of ningnanmycin (K_d = 2.074 ± 0.818 μM). Moreover, there were many interaction forces between G9 and the key amino acid residues of TMV-CP. The chlorophyll content and peroxidase (POD) activity of tobacco leaves treated with G9 increased significantly, indicating that G9 could improve the photosynthesis of tobacco leaves and stimulate the resistance of tobacco leaves to TMV. The insecticidal activity of G9 against Mythimna separata (M. separate) was found to be 95.2% at 200 μg/mL, which was close to bufenozide (100%). The insecticidal activity of myricetin was significantly improved after the introduction of active groups of amide and hydrazide, which could be further explored.     

A truncated palytoxin analogue,palytoxin carboxylic acid,isolated as an insecticidal compound from the red alga, Chondria armata

Palytoxin (PTX) has been widely studied owing to its outstanding toxic properties and complex structural features. It is a great challenge to identify and isolate analogues of PTX from various organisms and reveal their physiological activities. We previously reported the isolation of PTX as an insecticidal compound from the red alga, Chondria armata. In this study, we investigate another active compound from C. armata, which has similar toxicity and chromatographic behavior as PTX. Our detailed structural analysis reveals that this compound is palytoxin carboxylic acid. We characterized its physicochemical properties and conducted extensive NMR studies. This analogue has a structure devoid of the terminus of PTX, such that its presence in the alga implies the role of symbiotic microorganisms in marine ecosystems.     

奎宁类化合物研究进展

本文介绍了奎宁类化合物的发展历史,并分析了奎宁的化学结构。奎宁类化合物不仅可以作为催化剂,有效催化Michael/Mannich反应、Aza-Henry反应、环加成反应和不对称烯烃异构化反应,并且还可作为其他配体,已经成为不对称合成领域中的不可或缺成员。化学家为了寻找更有效的催化剂及配体,以奎宁类生物碱为前体,对其结构进行改造,改造位点主要集中在C-9位羟基、C-6'位甲氧基、奎宁双环的氮原子和环外烯键上,制备了众多催化剂及配体。此外,奎宁类化合物具有多种独特的生物效应,主要表现在抗疟原虫活性和杀虫活性研究方面。以奎宁为杀虫剂先导结构的优化与杀虫构效关系的系统研究将促进新农药创制学科的发展。     

Synthesis and insecticidal evaluation of phytoalexin phenalenones derivatives

Phenalenone is a kind of defensive compound biosynthesized inside plants in response to the outside attack such as fungus and nematodes. A set of derivatives encompassing structural modifications on the privileged phenalenone scaffold were synthesized through introduction of phenyl and hydroxyl substitutes at 9-positon and 2-position and assessed their insecticidal activities against armyworm (Mythimna separata Walker) and cowpea aphids (Aphis craccivora). No obvious insecticidal activities of the synthesized compounds were observed against armyworm. Some of the 9-phenyl and 2-hydroxy substituted phenalenone analogues showed potential activities against cowpea aphids with 33%-41% mortality at 500 mg/L.     

Synthesis analogues of milbemycin and their bioactivity evaluation

<正>Eight new 13-O-aminocarbonylivermectin aglycones and 4'-O-aminocarbonylivermectin monosaccharide were synthesized from ivermectin agiycone and ivermectin monosaccharide by the selective protection of C_5-OH group.Their bioactivities were evaluated against spider mites(Tetranychus cinnabarimts),aphid(Aphis fabae) and oriental armyworm(Mytliimma sepatara). Their structures were confirmed by ~1H NMR.MS.     

Antifungal effects of secondary metabolites isolated from marine organisms collected from the Tunisian coast

Phallusides 1,2,3 (1), Fasciculatin (2), Acanthelline (3), Axisonitrile (4), Oroïdin (5) and the Novel bromopyrolimidazolic compound Axinellizine (6) were evaluated for their antifungal effects against several phytopatogenic fungi and were found to possess considerable activities. Insecticidal effect of only Acanthellin (3) against the major pest of stored products Tribolium confusum Duv has been carried out using direct contact application method showing a significant inhibitory effect of the test material on the T. confusum Duv larvae growth. Forty-five percent mortality of the adults was achieved 8 days after treatment.     

Synthesis,insecticidal activity and molecular docking study of clothianidin analogues with hydrazide group

A series of novel neonicotinoid analogues were designed and synthesized by introducing a hydrazide group into clothianidin. Their structures were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, and HRMS （ESI）. Preliminary bioassay showed that some compounds, Sb and Sg, exhibited good activity against soybean aphids （Aphis glycines） at 100 mg L ^-1. In addition, molecular docking with receptor was carried out to explain their different activity from clothianidin.