阻抑动力学光度法测定痕量苯胺类化合物

研究发现，在醋酸介质中痕量苯胺能灵敏地阻抑H2O2和KBrO3氧化二甲苯兰FF褪色的指示反应。通过研究该反应的最佳实验条件及动力学参数，建立了一种测定痕量苯胺类化合物（以苯胺计）的新方法。本方法的测定范围为0．0～48．0μg/L苯胺，检测限低至3.62×10(-6)g／L苯胺，用于废水中苯胺类物质的测定，结果满意。     

安第斯病毒抑制肽的优化设计

安第斯病毒是汉坦病毒的一种,能引起汉坦病毒肺综合征,严重威胁人类的健康和生命安全,但目前尚缺乏有效的治疗办法,病毒抑制肽具有潜在的应用价值。本文利用多肽分子整体描述符,对一组安第斯病毒抑制肽进行定量构效关系(QSAR)研究,建立模型;并以模型为指导对多肽进行优化设计,以进一步提高其活性。结果表明,基于遗传算法-偏最小二乘算法建立的QSAR模型显示了较好的预测能力(R20.80,Q2ext0.58);依据模型设计出一组具有较高预测活性的多肽,为高活性抗病毒多肽的合成和实验验证打下了基础。     

Inhibition and enhancement of glucose oxidase activity in a chitosan-based electrode filled with silver nanoparticles

A chitosan-based electrode filled with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and glucose oxidase (GOD) was used as an enzyme electrode to investigate the effect of aging process of AgNPs on the GOD activity. Freshly prepared AgNPs inhibit the GOD activity, however, the inhibitory effect decreased with the increase of aging time. After aged for a period of time, AgNPs showed enhancement effect on the GOD activity. The effect of aging was studied by the measurements of Ag⁺ ions concentration, zeta (ζ) potential and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). And the results indicated that the concentration of Ag⁺ ions in the silver sol decreased during the aging period (i.e. Ag⁺ ions converted to more inert silver metal Ag⁰). The effect of AgNPs on the GOD activity can be changed by controlling the aging time of AgNPs. This research provides a new and simple approach to mediate AgNPs property, which is of great value in potential application of AgNPs in biosensors and nanoscale devices.     

抑制荧光光谱法测定模拟废水中痕量汞

基于在pH 8.00磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲介质中,血红蛋白对过氧化氢氧化对甲酚反应具有强的催化作用,汞(Ⅱ)对上述指示反应具有灵敏的抑制作用,从而提出了抑制荧光光谱法测定模拟废水中汞含量的方法。优化的试验条件如下:①血红蛋白的浓度为2.00×10-7 mol·L-1;②对甲酚的浓度为1.60×10-3 mol·L-1;③过氧化氢的浓度为1.11×10-3 mol·L-1;④反应时间为80min。在激发波长318nm、发射波长405nm处,反应体系的ΔF(即F0与F值之差)与汞(Ⅱ)的浓度在2.00×10-8～1.00×10-5 mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系。方法用于模拟废水的分析,测得加标回收率在94.0%～105%之间,相对标准偏差(n=8)在2.5%～3.3%之间。     

3‐O‐Methylquercetin Glucosides from Ophioglossum pedunculosum and Inhibition of Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Nitric Oxide Production in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

The three new 3‐O‐methylquercetin glucosides 1 – 3 , together with three known congeners and 3‐O‐methylquercetin, were isolated from the fern Ophioglossum pedunculosum (quercetin=2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐3,5,7‐trihydroxy‐4H‐1‐benzopyran‐4‐one). The new compounds were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis as 5′‐isoprenyl‐3‐O‐methylquercetin 4′,7‐di‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside ( 1 ), 3‐O‐methylquercetin 4′‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside 7‐[O‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside] ( 2 ), and 3‐O‐methylquercetin 7‐[O‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside] ( 3 ). The effect of the isolated compounds on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced NO production was evaluated. The inhibitory activity of 3‐O‐methylquercetin derivatives decreased markedly with the increasing number of glucosyl groups in the structures.     

荧光光度法测定苯二酚异构体中的邻苯二酚

用荧光光度法测定苯二酚异构体中的邻苯二酚。在硼砂缓冲溶液介质中,氰乙酰胺能与邻苯二酚生成荧光物质,在最佳实验条件下,邻苯二酚的浓度在1×10~(-8)～3×10~(-6)mol/L范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系,检出限为6.2×10~(-9)mol/L,对苯二酚和间苯二酚不干扰测定。     

壳聚糖抗菌性与分子量和环境介质相关性研究

本文测定了六种不同分子量壳聚糖对金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、棒状杆菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌活性及对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌的杀菌活性，并研究了pH值、浓度对壳聚糖抑菌活性的影响。结果表明，随着分子量的升高，抑菌活性先升高后降低。此外，在实验中还发现酸性条件有利于增强壳聚糖的抑菌活性；增加壳聚糖浓度可使其抑菌活性增强。     

Phytochemical prospection,evaluation of antibacterial activity and toxicity of extracts of Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz

Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz is a arboreal species found in the Caatinga from Northeast of Brazil that has been used in popular medicine as an anti-inflammatory, healing, analgesic and for the treatment of respiratory system disorders. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the composition of ethanol extracts from the leaves and inner bark of Libidibia ferrea, as well as to verify its antibacterial activity and as a potential inhibitor of the TetK efflux pump in Staphylococcus aureus strains, in addition to investigating the toxicity of the extracts in a Drosophila melanogaster model. The analysis and quantification of the extracts markers was performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). To determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) broth microdilution tests were carried out. The evaluation of efflux pump inhibition was performed by modifying the MIC of antibiotics and ethidium bromide. Mortality and negative geotaxis tests were used to verify the toxicity of extracts on D. melanogaster. Hydrolysable tannins (gallic acid and ellagic acid) and flavonoids were found in HPLC analysis. The extracts did not show antibacterial activity, demonstrating a MIC ≥ 1024 µg/mL, however the ethanolic extract of the leaves decreased the MIC of the antibiotic from 64 µg/mL to 16 µg/mL, but this effect is not associated with the inhibition of the efflux pump. The extracts did not show toxicity in a D. melanogaster model. This is the first study to evaluate the antibacterial activity of L. ferrea extracts on the IS-58 strain of S. aureus, as well as the first to investigate its toxicity using D. melanogaster. From the results, further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms of action of the extract with other antibiotics.     

Profile characterization and biological activities of cold pressed Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum) seed oil

Lepidium sativum is cultivated mainly for the edible oil from its seeds, and considered as an unutilized and neglected crop despite its important properties. Its oil fraction is used to produce soap and stabilize linseed oil when it is mixed with wild mustard seed oil. Once converted into fatty acid methyl esters, it represents a good substitute for imported petroleum diesel after alkaline transesterification reaction. In the current study, Lepidium sativum seeds cultivated in Tunisia and the physicochemical properties and nutrient profile of its cold pressed seed oil were investigated. The antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of the above oil were also assessed. Lepidium sativum seed oil was abundant in both linolenic (35.59 ± 1.9%) and oleic (21.14 ± 0.63%) acids, and high amounts of β-sitosterol (42.57 ± 2.96 mg/100 g), campesterol (20.04 ± 1.4 mg/100 g) and Δ 5,24 stigmastadienol (11.82 ± 0.45 mg/100 g) were detected. The total tocopherol content of Lepidium sativum seed oil reached 136.83 ± 7.6 mg/100 g with a predominance of γ-tocopherol (86.23%). Its seed oil exhibited an IC₅₀ of 10.33 ± 0.05 mg/mL and a radical scavenging activity of 415.6 ± 40 Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) for the DPPH and the ABTS assays, respectively. While the thermal analysis proved a high thermal stability of Lepidium sativum seed oil, that of eight bacteria and one fungal strain showed no noticeable bacterial or antifungal effects. It was also revealed that Lepidium sativum seed oil held a remarkable anti-inflammatory activity. Hence, the obtained results evidenced remarkable chemical, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Lepidium sativum seed oil, which might potentially be promising for enhancing human health and preventing age-related diseases.