基于生物质谱技术的磷酰化修饰策略在多肽测序中的应用

该文建立了一种利用磷酰化修饰结合电喷雾质谱(ESI-Q-TOF)测定多肽氨基酸序列的有效方法。利用Atherton-Todd反应,以二丙基亚磷酰酯(DPP)为磷酰化试剂,应用生物质谱技术,对磷酰化修饰后的5种模型肽的磷酰化反应情况进行了系统研究,考察了磷酰化肽的二级质谱特征,并与未经磷酰化反应的肽的二级质谱特征对比。结果表明,经过磷酰化修饰后,肽的二级质谱中的a1离子信号强度明显增加,可以准确鉴定其N端氨基酸;b系列离子信息完整,信号强度增强,使得多肽C ID测序的谱图简单、清晰,有利于肽的氨基酸序列的测定;赖氨酸(K,128.10 u)和谷氨酰胺(Q,128.13 u)两种氨基酸质荷比相近,由于二者磷酰化修饰后的差异性,使其得到准确区分。经过5种已知氨基酸序列的模型肽的磷酰化后结合质谱技术进行氨基酸序列测定验证,结果表明该方法简单、快速、准确,提高了利用质谱技术进行多肽测序的准确度和灵敏度,可为蛋白质组学研究提供有效的技术手段。     

Self-similar vortex reconnection

As shown by Crow in 1970, the evolution of two almost parallel vortex filaments with opposite circulation exhibits a long-wave instability. Ultimately, the symmetric mode increases its amplitude reconnecting both filaments and ending into the formation of an almost periodic structure of vortex rings. This is a universal process, which appears in a wide range of scales: from the vortex trails behind an airplane to a microscopic scale of superfluids and Bose–Einstein condensates. In this paper, I will focus on the vortex reconnection for the latter case by employing Gross–Pitaevskii theory. Essentially, I focus on the well-known laws of interaction and motion of vortex filaments. By means of numerical simulations, as well as theoretically, I show that a self-similar finite-time dynamics manifests near the reconnection time. A self-similar profile is selected showing excellent agreement with numerical simulations.     

Data assimilation and pollution forecasting in Burgers' equation with model error function

This article presents a correction method for a better resolution of the problem of estimating and predicting pollution, governed by Burgers' equations. The originality of the method consists in the introduction of an error function into the system's equations of state to model uncertainty in the model. The initial conditions and diffusion coefficients, present in the equations for pollution and concentration, and also those in the model error equations, are estimated by solving a data assimilation problem. The efficiency of the correction method is compared with that produced by the traditional method without introduction of an error function.Three test cases are presented in this study in order to compare the performances of the proposed methods. In the first two tests, the reference is the analytical solution and the last test is formulated as part of the “twin experiment”.The numerical results obtained confirm the important role of the model error equation for improving the prediction capability of the system, in terms of both accuracy and speed of convergence.     

空间参数曲线的双目标能量极小化方法及其应用

能量极小化方法已广泛用于平面曲线的构造,而在空间曲线构造方面的应用尚少。首先介绍了空间参数曲线的弯曲能和扭曲能,然后提出了一种以弯曲能和扭曲能同时极小为目标的空间参数曲线构造方法,最后以空间三次Bézier曲线为例,探讨了该方法在曲线的构造、延拓、平滑等问题中的应用。所提出的方法更符合空间参数曲线既需考虑弯曲又需考虑扭曲的特点。     

Non-Noether Conserved Quantity of Poincaré-Chetaev Equations of a Generalized Classical Mechanics

In the present paper the Lie symmetrical non-Noether conserved quantity of the Poincaré-Chetaev equations of a generalized classical mechanics under the general infinitesimal transformations of Lie groups is discussed. First, we establish the determining equations of Lie symmetry of the equations. Second, the Lie symmetrical non-Noether conserved quantity of the equations is deduced. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.     

An Interacting Gauge Field Theoretic Model for Hodge Theory: Basic Canonical Brackets

We derive the basic canonical brackets amongst the creation and annihilation operators for a two （1 ＋ 1）- dimensional （2D） gauge field theoretic model of an interacting Hodge theory where a U（1） gauge field （Aμ） is coupled with the fermionic Dirac fields （ψ and ψ）. In this derivation, we exploit the spin-statistics theorem, normal ordering and the strength of the underlying six infinitesimal continuous symmetries （and the concept of their generators） that are present in the theory. We do not use the definition of the canonical conjugate momenta （corresponding to the basic fields of the theory） anywhere in our whole discussion. Thus, we conjecture that our present approach provides an alternative to the canonical method of quantization for a class of gauge field theories that are physical examples of Hodge theory where the continuous symmetries （and corresponding generators） provide the physical realizations of the de Rham cohomological operators of differential geometry at the algebraic level.     

Existence of nonstationary bubbles in higher dimensions

We are interested in the existence of travelling-waves for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in R^N with “ψ³−ψ⁵”-type nonlinearity. First, we prove an abstract result in critical point theory (a local variant of the classical saddle-point theorem). Using this result, we get the existence of travelling-waves moving with sufficiently small velocity in space dimension N4.     

Young measures generated by a class of integrands: a narrow epicontinuity and applications to Homogenization

Given a subset E of convex functions from into which satisfy growth conditions of order p>1 and an open bounded subset of , we establish the continuity of a map μΦ_μ from the set of all Young measures on equipped with the narrow topology into a set of suitable functionals defined in and equipped with the topology of Γ-convergence. Some applications are given in the setting of periodic and stochastic homogenization.     

Enveloppes convexes des processus gaussiens

Let X={X(t), t[0,1]} be a process on [0,1] and V_X=Conv{(t,x)t[0,1], x=X(t)} be the convex hull of its path.The structure of the set ext(V_X) of extreme points of V_X is studied. For a Gaussian process X with stationary increments it is proved that:

• The set ext(V_X) is negligible if X is non-differentiable.

• If X is absolutely continuous process and its derivative X′ is continuous but non-differentiable, then ext(V_X) is also negligible and moreover it is a Cantor set.

It is proved also that these properties are stable under the transformations of the type Y(t)=f(X(t)), if f is a sufficiently smooth function.