基于智能手机检测在食品安全中的应用

近年来,智能手机凭借其轻巧便携、成本低、可个性化定制且使用者无需专业培训等优势,在分析检测中的应用越来越多,并在医疗诊断、环境监测、食品监督等领域展现出广阔的应用前景,是众多学科巧妙结合的典范.该文综述了 2015～2020年初基于智能手机的检测技术在食品安全方面的应用,包括对食品添加剂、抗生素、微生物、农残与重金属、...     

端粒酶活性检测研究进展

端粒酶活性检测方法经过近30年的不断改革与发展,取得了巨大突破。该文重点综述了近3年的端粒酶活性检测方法,其中包括化学反应发光法、电化学法、荧光分析法、比色法等,旨在更加全面地了解目前端粒酶活性检测的研究进展,为设计新的端粒酶活性检测方法和克服端粒酶活性检测方法在临床试验中的挑战提供思路。     

可见区分光光度法测量水体色度

针对目前水质色度测量方法的局限性,采用分光光度法测量相关色度学参数,通过色度学参数与国家标准方法的色度值建立数值关系,从而测定水体的色度值.该方法不仅保证测量结果与现行国家标准测量结果一致,而且客观性强,稳定可靠,灵敏度更高,也更准确.克服了目视比色法需要水体与标准溶液色调一致的局限性,可以推广到其他色调的废水色度测量...     

Quality assessment of crude and processed Arecae semen based on colorimeter and HPLC combined with chemometrics methods

Raw Arecae Semen, the seed of Areca catechu L., as well as Arecae Semen Tostum and Arecae semen carbonisata are traditionally processed by stir‐baking for subsequent use in a variety of clinical applications. These three Arecae semen types, important Chinese herbal drugs, have been used in China and other Asian countries for thousands of years. In this study, the sensory technologies of a colorimeter and sensitive validated high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection were employed to discriminate raw Arecae semen and its processed drugs. The color parameters of the samples were determined by a colorimeter instrument CR‐410. Moreover, the fingerprints of the four alkaloids of arecaidine, guvacine, arecoline and guvacoline were surveyed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Subsequently, Student's t test, the analysis of variance, fingerprint similarity analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, factor analysis and Pearson's correlation test were performed for final data analysis. The results obtained demonstrated a significant color change characteristic for components in raw Arecae semen and its processed drugs. Crude and processed Arecae semen could be determined based on colorimetry and high‐performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector coupled with chemometrics methods for a comprehensive quality evaluation.     

纳米银刻蚀比色法检测褪黑激素

该文构建了一种基于氯金酸刻蚀球形纳米银检测褪黑激素的简单、高灵敏比色探针。纳米银可被氯金酸氧化刻蚀为Ag+,同时还原生成的纳米金沉积在刻蚀后的纳米银表面,导致其溶液的吸光度降低和颜色增强(由黄色变为橘黄色)。当向体系中加入褪黑激素时,氯金酸被还原,抑制了纳米银的刻蚀,从而使得溶液吸光度增加和颜色变浅。结果显示,在0.1 nmol/L~1.0 mmol/L范围内,褪黑激素浓度对数值(lgC)与其吸光度改变值(ΔA)呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为ΔA=0.049 8+0.516lgC,相关系数(R2)为0.996 4,检出限为0.09 nmol/L。该方法成功应用于人体尿液和葡萄中的褪黑激素的测定。     

血液中苯丙氨酸的测定方法研究进展

高效、简便、快速测定血液中苯丙氨酸含量在医学上尤其是对新生儿的苯丙酮尿症的筛查有着重要的意义；本文就血液中苯丙氨酸的测定方法研究进展进行了综述，内容包括：细菌抑制法、荧光法、高效液相色谱法、气相色谱—质谱联用、质谱—质谱联用、毛细管电泳、酶／比色法以及酶电极法等。     

纳米光学传感器用于检测汞离子

汞离子是毒性最大的重金属之一,对环境和人体都会造成严重的不良影响,开发能够快速检测环境中汞离子的分析方法引起了越来越多的关注。纳米材料由于其优良的光学性能和良好的稳定性,被广泛用于环境中汞离子的检测。本文主要综述了近年来一些代表性的基于纳米材料的汞离子荧光、比色传感器。根据纳米材料的不同,将这些传感器分为基于金、银、碳和硅基材料,以及量子点、有机纳米颗粒和其他纳米基材料的荧光、比色传感器,并分别从设计原理、识别性能和实际应用等方面对这些传感器进行了描述和讨论。最后对该领域的研究和发展提出了展望。     

Evaluation of the quality of colour changes of complexometric indicators in the titration of copper (II) with EDTA by tristimulus colorimetry

The quality of colour changes of the indicators hematoxylin, 4(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR), xylenol orange, pyrocatechol violet, chromazurolS and eriochrome cyanineR in the complexometric titration of copper(II) with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were studied with the help of tristimulus colorimetry, utilising a comparative study of the parameters SCD (specific colour discrimination), CIE La^*b^* 1976 and LABHNU 1977. Hematoxylin was found to be the best indicator among those studied. A screened indicator, viz. PAR + malachite green (52), was developed to enhance the quality of colour transition at the end-point and the accuracy of the titrimetric determination.     

波长范围对色度学计算精度的影响

本文讨论了波长范围的选取对三刺激值计算精度的影响；简述了ＣＩＥ关于三刺激值计算的有关规定；介绍了波长范围截短后产生的最大误差的计算方法，并在实际样品大量测试计算的基础上，选出２２个有代表性样品的测试计算结果。从中可看出一般样品的误差量值以及外插法校正后的效果。     

彩色显示器上大色差的研究

在彩色显示器上新的主观色差评价实验表明:CIELUV颜色空间色差公式中彩度差的权重相对于明度差的权重而言显著偏高了.