Static headspace‐multicapillary column with gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry as a simple approach for the discrimination of crude and processed traditional Chinese medicines

The processing procedure can alter the nature and chemical transformation of traditional Chinese medicine to accommodate different clinical dispensing and preparation requirements. In this study, static headspace‐multicapillary column with gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry was developed for the rapid and sensitive discrimination of crude and processed traditional Chinese medicine. Using Radix Paeoniae Alba as a traditional Chinese medicine model, the combined power of this approach was illustrated by classifying the crude and processed Radix Paeoniae Alba samples into two main categories. The contents of the main components in Radix Paeoniae Alba varied significantly. The established method could promote the use of ion mobility spectrometry in intrinsic quality control and differentiation of herbal medicines from other processed products or preparations.     

Development of Complex Mathematical Model of Light Naphtha Isomerization and Rectification Processes

The technique of developing a mathematical model of catalytic isomerization of light naphtha is stated Using experimental data from an industrial isomerization unit shows adequacy of the mathematical model to the real process. The paper presents a method for optimizing the operation of the plant together with catalytic isomerization unit and separation columns. Selection of optimal modes of separation columns allows achieving the desired flow separation between units, as well as extension of the life of the catalyst SI-2.     

Sorptive elimination of fluoride from contaminated groundwater in a fixed bed column: A kinetic model validation based study

The current investigation involves a continuous adsorption experiment in a packed bed column for the sorptive elucidation of fluoride from contaminated groundwater using an activated soil-clay mixture. Through the combination of naturally accessible laterite soil with silica enriched clay (3:1 ratio), a low-cost Al–Si heterogeneous material has been developed. Following detailed characterization, the developed materials were employed in a long-time column process to achieve a high degree of fluoride separation from real-world groundwater. In a packed bed column investigation, the effect of bed height, initial fluoride concentration, and flow rate on the breakthrough properties of the adsorption system were investigated. By using a non-linear regression equation, three model kinetics, such as the Thomas Model, Adams-Bohart Model, and Yoon-Nelson Model, were fitted to validate the column-based experimental data, by analysing the breakthrough curves profiles, and distinct kinetic parameters. The Bed Depth Service Time Analysis (BDST) model was tested to express the effect of bed height on breakthrough curves, as well as to predict the time for breakthrough, and material depletion under optimal conditions. The Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models were identified to be the most appropriate ones for describing the entire breakthrough curve, whereas the Adams-Bohart model was only utilised to predict the first half of the dynamic process. With correlation coefficients (R²) 0.96, the experimental results were well suited to Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, and Adams-Bohart models. Finally, regeneration assessment was carried out where even after four cycles of operation, regenerated adsorbent showed a rejection efficacy of 78% to fluoride that proves the viability of the material and methodology.     

紫外分光光谱法快速测定原料油中芳香烃的含量

应用紫外分光光谱技术建立了快速测定原料油中芳香烃含量的方法。分别以色谱分离法提纯的蜡油、柴油芳香烃组分为标准物,绘制标准曲线。实验表明蜡油和柴油中芳香烃的含量与吸光度具有良好的线性关系(相关系数r2分别为0.999 73,0.999 44),蜡油和柴油中芳烃的加标回收率分别为96.83%,98.97%。蜡油和柴油中芳烃测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为0.32%～0.98%,0.89%～1.52%(n=6)。该方法进行原料油可磺化有效组分的检测快速可靠,能更好地应用于实际生产。     

大麻中3种酚类成分测定专用固相萃取柱的设计与应用

大麻中的主要成分大麻二酚(CBD)、大麻酚(CBN)和 Δ9-四氢大麻酚(Δ9-THC)的含量决定了其性质和应用.在液相色谱分析中,由于大麻提取液中含有较多杂质,需要净化.该文基于大麻中CBD、CBN和 Δ9-THC的结构特征及样品基质组成,根据中性氧化铝、硅酸镁和石墨化炭黑的不同表面特征,考察了这3种吸附剂对大麻提取...     

Strongly Basic Anion Exchange Resin Based on a Cross-Linked Polyacrylate for Simultaneous C.I. Acid Green 16, Zn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Phenol Removal

The adsorption ability of Lewatit S5528 (S5528) resin for C.I. Acid Green 16 (AG16), heavy metals (Zn(II), Cu(II) and Ni(II)) and phenol removal from single-component aqueous solutions is presented in this study to assess its suitability for wastewater treatment. Kinetic and equilibrium studies were carried out in order to determine adsorption capacities, taking into account phase contact time, adsorbates’ initial concentration, and auxiliary presence (NaCl, Na₂SO₄, anionic (SDS) and non-ionic (Triton X100) surfactants). The pseudo-second-order kinetic model described experimental data better than pseudo-first-order or intraparticle diffusion models. The adsorption of AG16 (538 mg/g), phenol (14.5 mg/g) and Cu(II) (5.8 mg/g) followed the Langmuir isotherm equation, while the uptake of Zn(II) (0.179 mg^1−1/nL^1/n/g) and Ni(II) (0.048 mg^1−1/nL^1/n/g) was better described by the Freundlich model. The auxiliary’s presence significantly reduced AG16 removal efficiency, whereas in the case of heavy metals the changes were negligible. The column studies proved the good adsorption ability of Lewatit S5528 towards AG16 and Zn(II). The desorption was the most effective for AG16 (>90% of dye was eluted using 1 mol/L HCl + 50% v/v MeOH and 1 mol/L NaCl + 50% v/v MeOH solutions).     

溶胶-凝胶柠檬酸三丁酯毛细管气相色谱柱的研究

柠檬酸三丁酯是浅黄色的液体,可作为固定相,文献记载它被制备成色谱柱的最高使用温度为150℃。鉴于最高使用温度低的限制,柠檬酸三丁酯作为色谱固定相时,一些分子量大的化合物不能使用该柱分析。本文将其作为固定相用溶胶-凝胶法制备毛细管气相色谱柱,并在色谱柱上初步研究了一系列低沸点有机物的分离和保留行为,发现其对醇类、胺类、芳烃等有很好的分离效果。同时使用该种方法制得的毛细管柱能承受的最高温度现为240℃,这对提高柠檬酸三丁酯的利用价值有较好的意义。     

Validation of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Photodiode Array Detection Method for the Separation and Quantification of Antioxidant and Skin Anti-Aging Flavonoids from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Stamen Extract

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., or the so-called sacred lotus, is a useful aquatic plant in the Nelumbonaceae family that has long been used to prepare teas, traditional medicines as well as foods. Many studies reported on the phytochemicals and biological activities of its leaves and seeds. However, to date, only few studies were conducted on its stamen, which is the most important ingredient for herbal medicines, teas and other phytopharmaceutical products. Thus, this present study focuses on the following: (1) the application of high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection for a validated separation and quantification of flavonoids from stamen; (2) the Nelumbo nucifera stamen’s in vitro and in cellulo antioxidant activities; as well as (3) its potential regarding the inhibition of skin aging enzymes for cosmetic applications. The optimal separation of the main flavonoids from the stamen ethanolic extract was effectively achieved using a core-shell column. The results indicated that stamen ethanolic extract has higher concentration of in vitro and in cellulo antioxidant flavonoids than other floral components. Stamen ethanolic extract showed the highest protective effect against reactive oxygen/nitrogen species formation, as confirmed by cellular antioxidant assay using a yeast model. The evaluation of potential skin anti-aging action showed that the stamen extract has higher potential to inhibit tyrosinase and collagenase compared with its whole flower. These current findings are the first report to suggest the possibility to employ N. nucifera stamen ethanolic extract as a tyrosinase and collagenase inhibitor in cosmetic applications, as well as the utility of the current separation method.     

衍生化气相色谱法测定3-氨基-1,2-丙二醇的含量

建立衍生化气相色谱法测定非离子型X-CT造影剂碘海醇中间体3-氨基-1,2-丙二醇的含量.将试样经过三氟乙酸酐(TFAA)在50℃下衍生30 min后,用配有FID检测器的气相色谱仪SE-54毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)进行测定,在选定的实验条件下,测定的相对标准偏差为0.921%,加样回收率为99.2%.结果重现性好,准确度高,方法简便易行.     

多孔整体固定相的制备与色谱性能

结合连续加料降低聚合体系的放热量,及强化体系的换热能力等措施,实现了无搅拌模式聚合体系中温度分布的均一化。通过单次聚合过程构造了体积为38mL的大体积整体固定相。SEM及孔隙率分布测试证明了整体固定相具有均匀的孔结构,动态容量测定及分离蛋白质的实验,表明所制备的径向流动模式整体柱的容量及分辨率不依赖于流速,同时在高流速下具有低背压的特征,可用于生物大分子的分离制备。