红外光谱法测定农药中吡虫啉含量

通常使用高效液相色谱法检测农药中有效成分吡虫啉的含量。文章采用红外光谱法直接测定农药中吡虫啉含量,样品使用KBr压片法。吡虫啉标准品和商品吡虫啉农药的红外光谱对照实验表明：吡虫啉在939.2 cm-1处的吸收峰不受农药中其他成分的干扰,可以选择此峰为定量分析波数;吡虫啉红外光谱在947～925.8 cm-1处的峰面积与其净含量满足线性方程：Area=1.3665×10-1+2.37×10-2×c,相关系数r=0.999 53。结论：利用红外光谱快速检测农药中有效成分吡虫啉含量的方法是可行的,可以替代常规的理化分析, 能够满足快速分析的需要。     

Degradation of imidacloprid using combined advanced oxidation processes based on hydrodynamic cavitation

The harmful effects of wastewaters containing pesticides or insecticides on human and aquatic life impart the need of effectively treating the wastewater streams containing these contaminants. In the present work, hydrodynamic cavitation reactors have been applied for the degradation of imidacloprid with process intensification studies based on different additives and combination with other similar processes. Effect of different operating parameters viz. concentration (20–60 ppm), pressure (1–8 bar), temperature (34 °C, 39 °C and 42 °C) and initial pH (2.5–8.3) has been investigated initially using orifice plate as cavitating device. It has been observed that 23.85% degradation of imidacloprid is obtained at optimized set of operating parameters. The efficacy of different process intensifying approaches based on the use of hydrogen peroxide (20–80 ppm), Fenton’s reagent (H₂O₂:FeSO₄ ratio as 1:1, 1:2, 2:1, 2:2, 4:1 and 4:2), advanced Fenton process (H₂O₂:Iron Powder ratio as 1:1, 2:1 and 4:1) and combination of Na₂S₂O₈ and FeSO₄ (FeSO₄:Na₂S₂O₈ ratio as 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4) on the extent of degradation has been investigated. It was observed that near complete degradation of imidacloprid was achieved in all the cases at optimized values of process intensifying parameters. The time required for complete degradation of imidacloprid for approach based on hydrogen peroxide was 120 min where as for the Fenton and advance Fenton process, the required time was only 60 min. To check the effectiveness of hydrodynamic cavitation with different cavitating devices, few experiments were also performed with the help of slit venturi as a cavitating device at already optimized values of parameters. The present work has conclusively established that combined processes based on hydrodynamic cavitation can be effectively used for complete degradation of imidacloprid.     

低浓度吡虫啉的超材料太赫兹光谱检测研究

农产品质量安全是社会广泛关注的重大民生问题.近年来,农产品生产过程中农药的广泛使用和滥用会导致农药残留,对人类健康和环境造成潜在危害.吡虫啉是一种硝基亚甲基类新烟碱内吸杀虫剂,因其具有广谱、高效和低毒的特性已广泛用于农业生产中,但其过量残留也给人类的健康带来了威胁.首先对超材料结构的透射谱进行了分析,对共振频率的形成原...     

Determination of Imidacloprid Based on the Development of a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Reduced Graphene Oxide and Manganese (II) Phthalocyanine

An electrochemical sensor of glassy carbon electrode modified with reduced graphene oxide and manganese (II) phthalocyanine (GCE/rGO/MnPc) was developed as an effective alternative in the determination of imidacloprid in honey samples. The peak current variation obtained with the proposed sensor, in the presence of imidacloprid, was higher compared to the bare GCE. The followed experimental conditions were optimized: reduced graphene oxide concentration (2.0 mg mL^?1), manganese (II) phthalocyanine concentration (1.5 mg mL^?1), electrolyte pH (6.5) and electrolyte concentration (1,50 mol L^?1). The study also showed that the process of reduction of imidacloprid is irreversible and diffusion‐controlled, with a single reduction peak of approximately ?0.9 V corresponding to the reduction of the nitro group (?NO2) present in the structure, generating a derived from hydroxylamine, in a process involving about four electrons. The determination of imidacloprid in honey samples exhibited recovery values within the EPA range (between 90.5 and 101.9 %). The proposed sensor GCE/rGO/MnPc can be used as an effective alternative in the determination of imidacloprid in honey samples.     

Optimization of an Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Imidacloprid Based on β‐cyclodextrin Electropolymerization on Glassy Carbon Electrode

An electrochemical sensor based on electropolymerization of β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was developed for the determination of imidacloprid (IMP). That insecticide is the most commonly used insecticides globally and has been related to the death of bee colonies around the world are imperative. So the development of a simple, cheap and sensitive method for IMP determination is essential. This work aims the modification of a GCE by β‐CD film. The analytical response obtained with GCCE/β‐CD in the presence of the IMP showed an increase in the peak current variation of 947 % in relation to the bare GCE, indicating that the analyte was encapsulated in the β‐CD increasing the detection sensitivity. The followed experimental conditions were optimized: potential range (−1.3 to 0.9 V), presence or absence of dissolved oxygen (presence) and stirring during the electropolymerization (with agitation), number of cycles (5 scans), electrolyte pH (pH=5.0), scan rate (100 mV s⁻¹) and concentration of β‐CD (6 mol L⁻¹). The optimization promoted a peak current variation increase of 57 %, developing a more sensitivity methodology.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定土壤中多菌灵、吡虫啉和甲基托布津的残留

建立了高效液相色谱法同时测定土壤中多菌灵、吡虫啉和甲基托布津残留的快速分析方法。利用甲醇-0.1mol.L-1HCl从土壤中提取,C18柱分离,紫外检测,在7min内实现了3种农药的同时分离测定。3种农药的平均回收率为87%、97%和92%,相对标准偏差为9.8%、8.1%和11.0%。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定茶叶中11种植物生长调节剂及吡虫啉、啶虫脒的残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时快速测定茶叶中11种植物生长调节剂(PGRs)及吡虫啉、啶虫脒的方法.样品经乙腈-甲酸溶液(99∶1, V/V)均质提取,采用C18、强阴离子交换剂(SAX)、 N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)和无水MgSO4混合吸附剂分散萃取处理,以HSS T3色谱柱分离,采用电喷雾(ESI)正负离子同时扫描和可编程多反应监测模式(SMRM)检测,基质匹配溶液外标法定量.6-苄氨基嘌呤、多效唑、烯效唑、氯吡脲、甲哌啶、吡虫啉、啶虫脒在1～200 μg/L和2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸、对氯苯氧乙酸、赤霉素、吲哚乙酸、萘乙酸、吲哚丁酸在5～1000 μg/L范围内线性良好(R2>0.99).13种化合物加标回收率在73.1％～108.9％之间,RSD (n=6)值在0.6％～8.0％之间,方法检出限(LOD, S/N=3)和定量限(LOQ, S/N=10)分别为0.18～9.68 μg/kg和0.61～32.26 μg/kg.本方法简便、稳定、灵敏,能够满足实际检测需求.     

稻谷中吡虫啉农药残留量的固相萃取高效液相色谱测定

介绍了用高效液相色谱法测定稻谷中吡虫啉农药残留量的方法 ,样品经乙腈超声提取 ,固相萃取小柱快速净化提取物 ,HPLC -UV分离测定 ,外标法定量 ,方法的定量下限为0.005×10-6(w) ,回收率>80 % ,相对标准偏差<7 %。     

Flow injection analysis of imidacloprid in natural waters and agricultural matrixes by photochemical dissociation, chemical reduction, and nitric oxide chemiluminescence detection

A flow injection analysis (FIA) to quantify imidacloprid was developed based upon (1) ultraviolet (254 nm) photochemical dissociation of imidacloprid to produce nitrite, (2) chemical reduction of the nitrite to nitric oxide by iodide in acid, (3) removal of gas-phase nitric oxide from the aqueous stream using a membrane separator, and (4) detection of the nitric oxide by chemiluminescent reaction with ozone. The cross-reactivity of imidacloprid with eight metabolites of imidacloprid was determined using a commercial ELISA kit and the FIA method. While the ELISA kit demonstrated varying degrees of cross-reactivity, cross-reactivity in the FIA method was observed for only the N-nitro and N-nitroso metabolites. The optimized analytical FIA method, FIA provides a linear response in imidacloprid concentration over four orders of magnitude, has a limit of detection of 5.6 pmol (1.5 ng) of imidacloprid, and exhibits an inter-day precision of 0.4%. Spike-recoveries by FIA demonstrated excellent recovery of imidacloprid in natural waters, hemlock xylem fluid, honey, and grapes with little to no interference from the matrix.     

吡虫啉与人血清白蛋白相互作用热力学行为

在模拟人体生理条件下,综合利用荧光光谱、紫外吸收光谱、圆二色谱和分子模拟等方法,研究了吡虫啉(IMI)和人血清白蛋白(HSA)相互作用的热力学行为。荧光光谱和紫外吸收光谱的分析表明：吡虫啉能有效猝灭HSA的内源荧光,猝灭机制为静态猝灭;通过所获取的相互作用热力学参数,可知两者之间的相互作用是一个吉布斯自由能降低的自发过程,且二者之间的主要作用力为氢键和范德华力。位点竞争实验和分子模拟的结果表明：吡虫啉在HSA的主要结合位置为位点?。圆二色谱、同步荧光光谱和三维荧光的分析发现：吡虫啉引起HSA的构象发生改变,其α-螺旋含量降低,无规卷曲含量升高,肽链结构在吡虫啉的作用下有所伸展。