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61.
Scalemic 2-pyrrolidinylcuprates generated via asymmetric deprotonation of N-Boc-pyrrolidine followed by treatment with THF soluble CuCN·2LiCl react with ω-functionalized vinyl halides to afford 2-alkenyl-N-Boc-pyrrolidines. N-Boc deprotection and cyclization via intramolecular N-alkylation generates the pyrrolizidine or indolizidine skeletons. Subsequent functional group manipulation affords enantioenriched (+)-heliotridane, (+)-isoretronecanol, a formal synthesis of (+)-laburnine, (+)-(R)-2,3,5,7a-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizine, (R)-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizine, (+)-ent-δ-coniceine, (+)-tashiromine and (+)-5-epitashiromine. 相似文献
62.
63.
It is a technological problem of LiNiO2 cathode material for lithium-ion secondary batteries because of the difficult preparation and hard purification, instable performance, remarkable capacity fading at initial discharge, worse thermal stability and safety of Ni-series cathode materials,and it is also the key factor of hindering LiNiO2 cathode material from practical applications.Recently, by doping some metal cations such as Co, Mn, Mg, Al, Cr and so on[1-5] into LiNiO2, the preparation difficulty and the purification hardness can be obviously improved, and the initial irreversible discharge capacity can be reduced, and the ratio of the initial discharge to charge capacity can be enhanced. But the cyclic stability, thermal stability and safety of LiNiO2 are not enough to satisfy the demand of commercial use.At present, the synthesis of LiNiO2 cathode material must be sintered under oxygen atmosphere in most cases, and the improved effect of fluoride doping on the electrochemical properties of LiNiO2 has seldom been reported in the literatures.In this paper, the cobalt cation and fluorine anion co-doping cathode materials Li1+δNi1-xCoxO2-yFy( 0≤δ≤0.2, 0≤x≤0.5, 0≤y≤0.1 ) were synthesized by solid state reaction method at 650℃ ~750℃ under air atmosphere, and characterized by XRD、 SEM、 TEM、 BET、 laser particle-size distribution measurement and electrochemical performance testing, the effect of different nickel sources on the properties of as-synthesized cathode materials was investigated. The results demonstrated that the cobalt and fluorine ions co-doping cathode materials Li1+δNi1-xCoxO2-yFy have complete layered structure, uniform surface morphology and better particle-size distribution as well as excellent electrochemical performances. At 20~25℃, 0.15~0.25mA charge and discharge current,4.25~2.70V cut-off voltage, 0.2~0.5C charge and discharge rate and 0.2~0.5 mA/cm2 current density,LiNi0.8Co0.2O1.95F0.05 cathode material has higher initial charge and discharge capacity and better cyclic properties which can be mainly attributed to the doping of the higher electronegativity fluorine which improves the structural stability and the synergistic reaction of cobalt and fluorine ions co-doping on the cathode materials. Under the above conditions, the initial charge and discharge capacity of LiNi0.8Co0.2O1.95F0.05 is 165.70mAh/g and 146.10mAh/g, respectively. After 50 cycles, it has more than 140mAh/g of discharge capacity and displays preliminary application possibility in the future. 相似文献
64.
《Analytical letters》2012,45(9):817-833
Abstract A novel spectrophotometric method for the assay of δ4 -3-Ketosteroids in formulations is presented. Oxalyldihydrazide in methanol reacts selectively with δ4-3-Ketosteroids at pH 2 forming stable hydrazones which exhibit intense absorption specta at 300 nm. and high molar absorpitivities ranging from 14480–18750 for most steroids studied. Methyltestosterone showed exception ally high sensitivity where its molar absorpitivity was 21630. As little as 5–30 μg steroid were determined with 99.28 ± 0.65–100.16 ± 0.94% accuracy. The method was applied successfully to the micro-determination of cortisone, hydrocortisone, hydrocortisone acetate, norethisterone, norethisterone acetate, norgestrel and methyltestosterone in substance as well as in different pharmaceutical dosage forms. The precision of assay was compareble with existing spectrometric methods for ketosteroid drugs. The method is simple, accurate mean - while selective and more sensitive than the INH-method. 相似文献
65.
Adriano Mollica Federica Feliciani Ivana Cacciatore Gino Lucente 《Tetrahedron letters》2010,51(9):1333-1335
In this Letter we present a simple reaction pathway which allows the conversion of the glutamic acid residue of a tripeptide into a proline residue. The reaction was performed by using Boc-Val-Glu-Phe-NH2 as a starting material and is based on a NaH-induced intraresidue alkylation under reaction conditions analogous to that adopted during the Freidinger lactams formation. 相似文献
66.
67.
Phan Thanh An 《Numerical Functional Analysis & Optimization》2013,34(7-8):735-738
ABSTRACT For some given positive δ, a function f:D ? X → ? is called midpoint δ-convex if it satisfies the Jensen inequality f[(x 0 + x 1)/2] ≤ [f(x 0) + f(x 1)]/2 for all x 0, x 1 ∈ D satisfying ‖x 1 ? x 0‖ ≥ δ (Hu, Klee, and Larman, SIAM J. Control Optimiz. Vol. 27, 1989). In this paper, we show that, under some assumptions, the approximate subdifferentials of midpoint δ-convex functions are nonempty. 相似文献
68.
Julia Lyubina Karl-Hartmut Müller Manfred Wolf Ullrich Hannemann 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2010,322(19):2948-2955
The magnetisation reversal of two interacting particles was investigated within a simple model describing exchange coupling of magnetically uniaxial single-domain particles. Depending on the interaction strength W, the reversal may be cooperative or non-cooperative. A non-collinear reversal mode is obtained even for two particles with parallel easy axes. The model yields different phenomena as observed in spring magnets such as recoil hysteresis in the second quadrant of the field-magnetisation-plane, caused by exchange bias, as well as the mentioned reversal-rotation mode. The Wohlfarth’s remanence analysis performed on aggregations of such pairs of interacting particles shows that the deviation δM(Hm) usually being considered as a hallmark of magnetic interaction vanishes for all maximum applied fields Hm not only at W=0, but also for sufficiently large values of W. Furthermore, this so-called δM-plot depends on whether the sample is ac-field or thermally demagnetised. 相似文献
69.
Let X be a Banach space whose norm is simultaneously LUR and Gateaux (Fréchet) smooth. Under some assumptions, it is shown that the infimal convolution of a fairly general function on X and the square of the norm is generically strongly attained and hence is Gateaux (Fréchet) differentiable. This contains a result of S. Dutta on distance functions. 相似文献
70.
Tetsuya Kida Atsunori Yamasaki Noboru Yamazoe 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2010,183(10):2426-2431
We carried out the partial substitution of the B-site in BaFeO3−δ perovskite with divalent cations to develop novel oxygen-permeable materials. We demonstrated that the partial substitution of Cu or Ni by more than 10% resulted in the stabilization of the cubic perovskite structure even at room temperature in a highly oxygen-permeable phase, as revealed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The Cu substitution was more effective for the stabilization, because the introduction of Cu in the lattice more effectively made the Goldschmidt tolerance factor (t) close to 1.0. Ni- and Cu-substituted BaFeO3−δ membranes showed higher oxygen permeabilities than their parent BaFeO3−δ membranes particularly at lower temperatures around 600-700 °C owing to the stabilization of the cubic phase. Among the fabricated membranes, a BaFe0.85Cu0.15O3−δ membrane (1.0 mm thickness) showed the highest oxygen permeation flux (1.8 cm3 min−1 cm−2 at 930 °C) under an air/He gradient. The results indicated that Cu-substituted BaFeO3-δ is promising as a material for Co-free membranes with high oxygen permeabilities. 相似文献