在光敏性三元聚合物混合物中构造 多尺度有序图案

由多组分聚合物混合物所形成的多尺度有序结构能够展现出许多新奇的物理化学性质, 从而使其在材料工程领域具有十分重要的潜 在应用价值. 本文通过计算机模拟, 在光敏性不相容三元混合物体系中创建了多尺度有序结构. 通过调节光照区域和掩膜形状, 获得了棋盘形、箭靶状等十分独特的形貌, 并且这些结构可以在实验上通过在适当的时间淬火而稳定较长的时间. 详细探讨了组分比、掩膜宽度、间距以及光照强度对体系的影响, 从而为实现多尺度长程序花样薄膜的制备提供了一个简便的途径, 同时也为纳米器件的制备提供了一定的指导.     

Mechanical and Flame Retardant Properties and Microstructure of Expandable Graphite/Silicone Rubber Composites

Flame-retardant expandable graphite (EG)/silicone rubber (SR) composites were prepared using nano-CaCO₃ particles as reinforcement filler. In addition to mechanical measurements, limited oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 and cone calorimeter tests (CCT), the thermal properties were tested by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that the content and particle size of the EG both had large effects on the flammability and mechanical properties of the EG/SR blends. The composites that contained 25 phr EG (50–80 mu) had excellent LOI values, 47–48, and achieved the UL-94 V-0 level while the pure SR sample had the LOI value of 25 and achieved the UL-94 V-2 level. The data obtained from the CCT indicated that the addition of EG decreased remarkably the heat release rate, smoke emission, and mass loss rate of the composites. SEM microphotographs of the EG/SR composites before and after combustion demonstrated that EG underwent a large volume expansion, and the multiporous char structure blocked heat transfer and protected the substrate from fire.     

Graphite–boron composite heater in a Kawai-type apparatus: the inhibitory effect of boron oxide and countermeasures

We have investigated the performance of a graphite–boron composite (GBC) with 3?wt % boron as a precursor for a boron-doped diamond heater in a Kawai-type apparatus at 15?GPa. We first tested a machinable cylinder of GBC sintered at 1000°C in Ar/H₂ gas (99:1 molar ratio). Boron oxide (B₂O₃) formed during sintering frequently hindered the GBC heater from stable operation at temperatures higher than 1400°C by producing melt throughout the heater together with oxide and/or silicates. We then rinsed the GBC heater in hydrochloric acid to remove B₂O₃. After rinsing, we succeeded in stably generating temperatures higher than 2000°C. We also improved a molding process of different-sized GBC tubes for convenient use and tested the molded GBC heater. It was free from the B₂O₃ problem. The electromotive force of the W/Re thermocouple was successfully monitored up to 2400°C.     

金刚石膜的厚度及背表面过渡层对热导率的影响

 采用微波等离子体化学气相沉积（MWPCVD）方法制备金刚石膜，研究了金刚石膜的厚度以及生长初期的SiC过渡层对其热导率的影响，给出了膜厚和背表面SiC过渡层减薄厚度与金刚石膜热导率的关系。     

常见场致发射阴极材料的发射特性

利用三阴极加速器平台,对不锈钢、黄铜、铝、天鹅绒和石墨等几种常见场致发射材料的电流发射能力、相对启动延迟时间及其抖动进行了实验研究。实验结果表明：在二极管电压近似恒定时,不锈钢阴极启动时间延迟抖动小于8 ns,天鹅绒阴极及石墨阴极启动时间延迟抖动小于4 ns;且材料在阴极频繁工作时启动时间加快;常见金属材料中不锈钢阴极的综合性能较好;非金属材料中,天鹅绒阴极的发射能力最强,且发射延迟时间最短,但考虑到天鹅绒材料严重的出气问题,非金属材料中以石墨阴极的性能为优。     

Preparation,characterization, and performance study of beeswax/expanded graphite composite as thermal storage material

In this study, beeswax as a new energy storage material and its composite with expanded graphite were prepared and characterized for their surface and thermal properties. Surface characterization showed no chemical interaction between beeswax and expanded graphite. The thermal conductivity of the composite was improved with 117% enhancement. The thermal performance of beeswax and its composite as a heat storage material was studied in a rectangular shell-and-tube thermal storage unit. The melting point of the composite remained almost same as that of beeswax; however, the melting time was reduced considerably, from 540 to 360 min with inlet water at 80°C and a 2-lpm flow rate.     

石墨富集结合空间约束水体重金属LIBS检测方法研究

针对水体重金属污染检测的需求,研究了以高纯石墨片为水体富集基底,样品多次富集结合等离子体空间约束的水体重金属LIBS检测方法, 并对Pb,Cu,Cd,Ni等不同重金属元素的测量稳定性及检测限进行了分析。实验采用波长为1 064 nm的Nd∶YAG调Q激光器,分辨率为0.1 nm的光纤光谱仪分别对上述水体中重金属元素含量的特征光谱进行分光探测。结果表明,样品多次富集结合空间约束方法能够有效地提高水体重金属检测的灵敏度及稳定性并降低元素检测限,空间约束条件下特征光谱强度增强约2.5倍,光谱稳定性也得到提高,相对标准偏差由非约束情况下的11.34%降低至8.77%。对不同浓度的Pb,Cu,Cd,Ni四种重金属元素进行检测并建立定标曲线,Pb,Cu,Cd,Ni的检测限均低于国家工业废水排放标准的1/6,满足工业废水重金属的检测需求,为工业废水重金属的减排控制与超标排放预警监测提供了一种有效方法和技术支持。     

高离化类铍离子2s2 1S0-2s2p 1P1(Z=10～103)光谱跃迁

利用全相对论性多组态Dirac-Fock平均能级(MCDF-AL)方法系统地计算了高离化类铍离子2s2　1S0-2s2p1P1(Z=10～103)跃迁的能级间隔和跃迁几率,计算中考虑了重要的核的有限体积效应,Breit修正和QED修正,所得结果和最近的实验数据及理论计算值进行了比较,结果表明：高原子序数的高荷电离子的跃迁几率明显超过了中性原子的电偶极E1的跃迁几率,在ICF和MCF高温激光等离子体中,电偶极E1跃迁几率过程相当强烈。     

Two mutually conjugated tripartite entangled states and their fractional Fourier transformation kernel

We newly construct two mutually-conjugate tripartite entangled state representations,based on which we propose the formulation of three-mode entangled fractional Fourier transformation(EFFT) and derive the transformation kernel.The EFFT’s additivity property is proved and the eigenmode of EFFT is derived.As an application,we calculate the EFFT of the three-mode squeezed vacuum state.     

The HITRAP project at GSI: trapping and cooling of highly-charged ions in a Penning trap

A decelerator will be installed at GSI in order to provide and study heavy nuclei without or with only few electrons at very low energies or even at rest. Highly-charged ions will be produced by stripping at relativistic energies. After electron cooling and deceleration in the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR) the ions are ejected out of the storage ring at 4 MeV/u and further decelerated in a combination of linear accelerator structures operated in reverse. Finally, they are injected into a Penning trap where the ions are cooled to 4 K by electron cooling in combination with resistive cooling. From here, the ions can be transferred in a quasi DC or in a pulsed mode to different experimental setups. This article describes the technical concepts of this project focused on the Penning trap.