不可压磁流体力学方程组的高精度数值解法

为数值求解低雷诺数下不可压流体在电磁场作用下的流动,提出一种四阶紧致差分方法.由二维原始变量的MHD方程组出发,推导出具有较少未知量的电流密度-涡量-流函数形式MHD方程组.建立了求解二维非定常不可压MHD方程组的电流密度-涡量-流函数形式的四阶精度紧致差分格式.为验证本文提出的高精度紧致差分方法的精确性和可靠性,对有...     

Effect of acoustic waves on the repetition frequency of high repetition rate TEA-CO2 lasers and calculating optimization condition

The gas channel of a pulse periodic TEA-CO₂ laser is considered as an acoustic resonator. In this paper, a three-dimensional mathematical modeling has been considered for describe of laser action. By calculating of the equations obtained from this model, the effects of cavity dimensions, Mach number and repetition frequency of laser on the acoustic wave spectrum have been investigated. At last optimum conditions for performance of laser operation has been arrived.     

Efficient 1047 nm CW laser emission of Nd:YLF under direct pumping into the emitting level

We demonstrate a 1047 nm Nd:LiYF₄ (Nd:YLF) laser by directly pumping into the upper lasing level with a tunable Ti:Sapphire laser. The results obtained for direct upper laser level pumping at 863, 872 and 880 nm of Nd:YLF were compared with traditional 806 nm pump band excitation. Highly efficient 1047 nm continuous-wave (CW) laser emission under direct pumping at 880 nm in an 8 mm thick, 1.0 at.% Nd:YLF crystal is obtained. The slope efficiency is improved from 55.6% for traditional pumping at 806 nm to 76.3% for direct pumping at 880 nm.     

High-speed transmission limitations due to Polarization Mode Dispersion

In this paper, the impacts of Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) on the performance of high-speed optical communication system have been reported at different bit rates. The two systems are modeled using older fibers with same PMD coefficient at different bit rates and third is with the new fiber with less PMD coefficient than that of the previous two. The attenuation, chromatic dispersion and non-linear effects have been disabled, so that all the variation of the results is due to PMD. The bit rate is varied from 2.5 to 40 Gbps and the length is varied from 1000 to 20,000 km. It is shown that the impact of PMD increases with the bit rate of system. It is also reported that the impact of PMD becomes intolerable at the bit rates of more than 40 Gbps. And also the PMD produces very minute impact on the system performance for same bit rate with the variation in the fiber length.     

Design of an ultrasonic sensor for measuring distance and detecting obstacles

This paper introduces a novel method for designing the transducer of a highly directional ultrasonic range sensor for detecting obstacles in mobile robot applications. The transducer consists of wave generation, amplification, and radiation sections, and a countermass. The operating principle of this design is based on the parametric array method where the frequency difference between two ultrasonic waves is used to generate a highly directional low-frequency wave with a small aperture. The aim of this study was to design an optimal transducer to generate the two simultaneous longitudinal modes efficiently. We first derived an appropriate mathematical model by combining the continuum model of a bar and countermass with the compatibility condition between a piezoelectric actuator and a linear horn. Then we determined the optimal length of the aluminum horn and the piezoelectric actuator using a finite element method. The proposed sensor exhibited a half-power bandwidth of less than ±1.3° at 44.8 kHz, a much higher directivity than existing conventional ultrasonic range sensors.     

Adsorption and desorption characteristics of barium oxide at high temperature

Oxygen-selective adsorbents were prepared by two different methods, hydrothermal and sol-gel methods. The adsorption and desorption characteristics of these adsorbents were compared in terms of stability and sorption capacity. The sorbents prepared by the sol-gel method showed better cyclic stability and higher adsorption capacity than that prepared by the hydrothermal method because the sol-gel method entrapped well the barium peroxide.Relaxation time for adsorption ranged from 4 to 9 min depending on the preparation methods and that for desorption was 6 min regardless of the preparation methods. Breakthrough experiment with the sorbent prepared by the sol-gel method was performed. The adsorption breakthrough curves at 600 °C showed two plateau regions. One was at about 3.5%, and the other was 20%. The first plateau region is related to the sharp transition point of the oxygen adsorption isotherm. Though the relaxation time for adsorption was 6 min, the time required from the end of the first plateau to the beginning of the second plateau was just 2 min. During the desorption, a plateau region at 3.5% of oxygen concentration was observed regardless of the desorption flow rate.     

Array of double Au-Ag chains on the Si(5 5 7) surface

Using scanning tunneling microscopy we study the topographic properties of Ag structure on the Au induced, highly ordered Si(5 5 7) surface. Topography measurements show that a small amount of Ag (0.25 ML) deposited on that surface leads to considerable modifications of the one-dimensional structure induced by Au atoms. In particular, we observe two different chains on each terrace, which are identified as Si adatoms and Ag chain structures. The STM topography of those chains strongly depends on the bias voltage, indicating an important role of electronic effects in this system.     

ZnS thin film deposited with chemical bath deposition process directed by different stirring speeds

In this combined film thickness, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction and optical properties study, we explore the effects of different stirring speeds on the growth and optical properties of ZnS film deposited by CBD method. From the disclosed changes of thickness of ZnS film, we conclude that film thickness is independent of the stirring speeds in the heterogeneous process (deposition time less than 40 min), but increases with the stirring speeds and/or deposition time increasing in the homogeneous process. Grazing incident X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and the study of optical properties disclosed that the ZnS films grown with different stirring speeds show partially crystallized film and exhibit good transmittance (70-88% in the visible region), but the stirring speeds cannot give much effects on the structure and optical properties in the homogeneous process.     

Asymptotic behaviour of high Gaussian minima

We investigate what happens when an entire sample path of a smooth Gaussian process on a compact interval lies above a high level. Specifically, we determine the precise asymptotic probability of such an event, the extent to which the high level is exceeded, the conditional shape of the process above the high level, and the location of the minimum of the process given that the sample path is above a high level.     

Semimartingale: Itô or not ?

Itô semimartingales are the semimartingales whose characteristics are absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure. We study the importance of this assumption for statistical inference on a discretely sampled semimartingale in terms of the identifiability of its characteristics, their estimation, and propose tests of the Itô property against the non-Itô alternative when the observed semimartingale is continuous, or discontinuous with finite activity jumps, and under a number of technical assumptions.