Employment of 4-(1-imidazolyl)phenol as a luminol signal enhancer in a competitive-type chemiluminescence immunoassay and its comparison with the conventional antigen-horseradish peroxidase conjugate-based assay

This study describes the employment of a novel imidazole-substituted phenol [4-(1-imidazolyl)phenol] as a highly potent signal enhancer in a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-luminol chemiluminescence (CL) immunoassay. This competitive-type immunoassay for the model antigen fentanyl is based on the use of fentanyl polyclonal antibody immobilized on white microtiter plates and a biotinylated bovine serum albumin (BSA)-fentanyl derivative as a tracer. The latter was detected by means of streptavidin labeled with HRP, resulting in the generation of a high-intensity and relatively stable chemiluminescent signal, immediately after the addition of the substrate solution (NOAS). The developed method fulfilled the requirements of accuracy (percentage recovery ranged from 93.8 to 107%) and precision (intra- and inter-assay CVs were 2.5-5.2 and 4.5-11.9%, respectively). Its plasma detection limit (1.05 pg ml⁻¹) was lower than those of previous immunoassays. The novel assay was compared in terms of sensitivity and concentration range with other common HRP substrate systems: luminol-p-iodophenol-H₂O₂ and TMB-H₂O₂. Finally, the described method was compared with an HRP-fentanyl conjugate-based assay, similar to commercially available kits (SKIT), employing the novel substrate solution for both assays and the differences observed were explained by applying previously described models. The detection limit was 4.82 pg ml⁻¹ for SKIT, recovery values were 94.2-105% and intra- and inter-assay CVs were 2.5-5.2 and 4.5-11.9%, respectively. In conclusion, the proposed assay could be utilized for a wide range of molecules and replace the existing enzyme-labeled antigen-based kits.     

Synthesis of 21-nor-22-oxa-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 derivatives in quest of a drug with low calcemic activity

Two 21-nor-22-oxa-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ derivatives have been synthesized in quest of a drug with lower calcemic activity than Maxacalcitol, 22-oxa-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃, being used as antihyperparathyroidism and antipsoriatic drug. Of two 21-nor products obtained, the product carrying one carbon elongated side chain with diethylcarbinol moiety has been found to exhibit comparable differentiation-inducing activity to Maxacalcitol with much lower exhibition of calcemic activity.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 5-Amino-4-cyano-8-isobutyl-7-isopropyl-6-thiocarbamoyl-2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-en-3-thione

5-Amino-4-cyano-8-isobutyl-7-isopropyl-6-thiocarbamoyl-2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-en-3-thione was synthesized by the condensation of isovaleryl aldehyde with cyanothioacetamide. The structure of the product was established by X-ray crystallography.     

铌酸锂单晶光纤包层研究

通过镁离子内扩散铌酸锂单晶光纤，以改变晶纤表层的折射率，首次在国内实现了沿不同轴向生长、不同掺杂的铌酸锂单晶光纤的芯－包层波导结构。通过匹配扩散温度、扩散时间、ＭｇＯ膜厚等扩散参数及选择合适的晶纤直径，实现了晶纤具有阶跃和抛物折射率分布的包层，并对包层晶纤的模式特性进行了观察，得到低次模传输。     

Cation recognition by new diester- and diamide-calix[4]arenediquinones and a diamide-benzo-15-crown-5-calix[4]arene

The synthesis, metal, ammonium and alkyl ammonium cation coordination chemistry and electrochemical recognition studies of new diester-and diamide-calix[4]arenediquinone receptors are described. In addition the synthesis and coordination properties of a novel diamide benzo-15-crown-5-calix[4]arene molecule is reported.This paper is dedicated to the commemorative issue on the 50th anniversary of calixarenes.     

Efficient esterification of carboxylic acids and phosphonic acids with trialkyl orthoacetate in ionic liquid

An operationally simple, inexpensive, efficient, and environmentally friendly esterification of various carboxylic acids, phosphonic acids, and phosphinic acids with triethyl orthoacetate or trimethyl orthoacetate under neutral conditions in a typical room temperature ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, was successfully carried out to provide the corresponding ethyl esters or methyl esters in high yields.     

Solar Photocatalytic Degradation of 4‐Chlorophenol in Kaolinite Catalysts

This research applies semiconductor photocatalysts, which are formed by metal ion exchange on the surface of kaolinite catalyst with cations, to the study of photocatalytic degradation of 4‐chlorophenol. The analysis results of catalyst properties shows that, after sintering at 400 °C, kaolinite catalyst has a particle size of between 10–100 nm indicating the nano level of synthesized catalysts. Under the same condition, kaolinite‐Ag/Zn catalyst works better in degradation efficiency than single kaolinite‐Ag and kaolinite‐Zn catalysts. Kaolinite‐Zn catalyst declines in degradation efficacy after 150 minutes and performs poorer than the other three types of kaolinite catalysts. In the experiments of different amounts of catalysts, when the concentration exceeds 0.1 wt%, utilization of light energy and degradation efficiency will be reduced due to shielding effect. When at different pH values, the higher the pH value, the more OH‐will be released and that is beneficial for reaction with substances and the increase of reaction rate. Finally multivariate analysis proves that there is one determining factor that influences the photocatalytic degradation of 4‐chlorophenol in kaolinite catalysts, named as “the factor with intermediates competition degree,” the one affecting the 4‐CP degradation at different weight percentages that is referred to as the “shielding effect factor.”     

A Short and Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Cerebrosterol

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Spectrum analysis of U-doped LaBr3 single crystals. Part 1: crystal-field analysis

Single crystals of U³⁺:LaBr₃ were grown by the Bridgman-Stockbarger technique. High-resolution polarized absorption spectra of the crystals were recorded at 4.2 K in the 4000-50,000 cm⁻¹ range. Sixty-four experimental crystal-field energy levels of the U³⁺ ion were fitted to a semiempirical Hamiltonian employing free-ion, one-electron crystal-field as well as two-particle correlation crystal-field (CCF) operators with an r.m.s. deviation of 28 cm⁻¹. The performed analysis of the spectra enabled the determination of crystal-field parameters and assignment of the observed 5f³→5f³ transitions. The effects of selected CCF operators on the splitting of some specific U³⁺ multiplets have been investigated and the obtained values of Hamiltonian parameters are discussed and compared with those reported in previous analyses.