PREPARATION OF POLY（METHYL METHACRYLATE）/LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES NANOCOMPOSITES via in situ SOLUTION POLYMERIZATION

An exfoliated layered double hydroxides/poly(methyl methacrylate)(LDHs/PMMA)nanocomposite was prepared by in situ solution polymerization of methyl methacrylate(MMA)in the presence of 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate intercalated LDHs(MgAl-VBS LDHs).MgAl-VBS LDHs was prepared by the ion exchange method,and the structure and composition of the MgA1-VBS LDHs were determined by X-ray diffraction(XRD),infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis.XRD and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)were employed to examine the structure of LDHs/PMMA nanocomposite.It was indicated that the LDHs layers were well exfoliated and dispersed in the PMMA matrix.The grafting of PMMA onto LDHs was confirmed by the extraction result and the weight fraction of grafted PMMA increased as the weight fraction of LDHs in the nanocomposites increased.     

钙离子和PH值对海藻酸钠液流变性能影响

海藻酸钠溶液是假塑性体系, 它的粘度与体系的浓度、温度、PH值和外加盐类的浓度等有密切关系, 并有一定触变性, 在某个钙离子浓度范围内, 体系出现了负触变性,对此用配离子的"屏蔽"现象进行了解释。     

气相色谱-微波等离子体发射光谱的研究 I. 化合物结构对经验式测定的影响

本文以烯烃、芳烃、多核芳烃、烯烃-烷烃混合物、烯烃-多核芳烃混合物、氯代烃和溴代烃等类型的化合物为代表, 考察了化合物结构对气相色谱-微波等离子体发射光谱联用测定化合物经验式结果的影响。对属于同系物的烃类选其中任一种为参比物, 测定准确度不受化合物结构的影响; 对含有非同系物的混合物, 如烯烃-多核芳烃, 参比物和被测物的结构对测定结果准确度有一定的影响, 选择其中的非同系物作参比物时, 所测得的经验式准确度相对较差; 含卤素原子的化合物结构对经验式测定影响较大, 必须选择结构相近(碳架结构和卤素原子数相近)的化合物作为经验式测定的参比物。     

预处理条件对Ni-Ce-P非晶态合金液相加氢活性的影响

采用真空骤冷技术制备了Ni82Ce0.31P17.7和Ni82P18非晶态合金。通过高压氢气中热处理, 使其粉化。DSC研究结果表明加入少量Ce使Ni-P非晶态合金晶化温度提高160℃。用高压反应釜考察了氧化温度和氢还原温度对Ni-De-P非晶态合金本乙烯液相加氢活性的影响, 并对比了Ni-P和Ni-Ce-P的加氢活性, 活性测试的结果表明: 氧化、还原处理过程使Ni-Ce-P加氢活性显著增加, 最佳的预处理条件是240℃氧化1h, 300℃氢气还原2h; Ni-Ce-P加氢活性是Ni-P加氢活性的3-4倍, 用AES和XPS研究了氧化、还原过程中,Ni-Ce-P表面性质的变化。     

脱氟化氢聚偏氟乙烯膜的制备, 表征和导电性能的研究

聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜与一些有机弱碱作用脱氟化氢(HF)生成表面为一氟乙炔(PFA)的膜。红外、紫外可见光谱分析表明脱HF的PVDF膜的共轭链结构比较规整。X光电子能谱、反应深度和接触度的分析表明, PVDF脱HF反应主要发生在膜表面。脱HF的PVDF膜(PFA)经各种掺杂剂掺杂后电导率上升5~6个数量级, 最高可达10^-^4s/cm, 且在掺杂过程中出现出的性质不同于聚乙炔。     

荧光素酯与蒽甲酸酯之间的光致相互作用

我们合成了以不同链长连接的荧光素酯与蒽甲酸酯的四种二元化合物.在溶液中的构象研究表明.链呈不同程度的弯曲,但分子内两个发色团的相互作用是微弱的.激发蒽甲酸酯,无论是在分子间还在分子内,其单重态能量几乎都传递给了荧光素酯.激发荧素酯时,并未观测到分子内的光致电子转移,尽管计算和模型化合物分子间的对照实验都表明它们之间是可以发生这种电子转移的.最可能的原因是这个系列在溶液中,分子内的两个发色平面没有好的匹配,或者说 ,这些二元化合物在所研究的溶液中,不能满足分子内的光致电子转移对构象的要求.     

镍, 锌, 钴(II)-N-(间甲苯基)亚氨基二乙酸-氮三乙酸的量热研究

使用改进的RD-1型热导式量热计测量了镍(II), 锌(II),钴(II)-N-(间甲苯基)亚氨基二乙酸-氮三乙酸三元配合物的生成焓, 发现其大小按金属离子来说符合Irving-William序列。利用配体的多环水化结构等讨论了该三元配合物的生成焓和相应的二元配合物的生成焓, 同时求得了上述三元体系的热力学参数, 指出上述三元体系的生成熵是导致这些三元体系具有较大稳定性的根本原因。     

THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF ADSORPTION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY A WATER-COMPATIBLE HYPERCROSSLINKED POLYMERIC ADSORBENT

Equilibrium data for the adsorption of phenolic compounds, i.e., phenol, p-cresol, p-chlorophenol and p-nitrophenol from aqueous solutions by a water-compatible hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent (NJ-8) within temperature range of 283-323 K were obtained and correlated with a Freundlich-type of isotherm equation, so that equilibrium constants KF and n were obtained. The capacities of equilibrium adsorption for all the four phenolic compounds on the NJ-8 from aqueous solutions are around 2 times as high as those of Amberlite XAD-4, which may be attributed to the unusual micropore structure and the partial polarity on the network. The values of the enthalpy (always negative) are indicative of an exothermic process, which manifests the adsorption of all the four phenolic compounds on the two polymeric adsorbents to be a process of physical adsorption. The negative values of free energy change show that the solute is more concentrated on the adsorbent than in the bulk solution. The absolute free energy values of adsorption for NJ-8 are always higher than those for Amberlite XAD-4, which indicates that phenolic compounds are preferentially adsorbed on NJ-8. The negative values of the adsorption entropy are consistent with the restricted mobilities of adsorbed molecules of phenolic compounds as compared with the molecules in solution. The adsorption entropy values of phenolic compounds for NJ-8 are lower than those for Amberlite XAD-4, which means the micropores of NJ-8 require more orderly arranged adsorbate.     

氮氧自由基研究:XXI,水溶液中哌啶氮氧自由基单电子还原反应机理的极谱研究

本文采用取样直流极谱, 常规脉冲极谱, 微分脉冲极谱和交流极谱考察了,2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶 -1-氧和2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氧哌啶 -1-氧由基及2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶 -1-氧自由基在水溶液中的还原反应, 并研究了它们的还原经历电化学过程 。