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991.
Jodi M. Milhaupt Bryan R. Chapman Timothy P. Lodge Steven D. Smith 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1998,36(17):3079-3086
Monomeric friction factors, Ξ, for polystyrene (PS), polyisoprene (PI), and a polystyrene–polyisoprene (SI) diblock copolymer have been determined as a function of temperature in four poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene-b-isoprene) tetrablock copolymer matrices. The Rouse model has been used to calculate the friction factors from tracer diffusion coefficients measured by forced Rayleigh scattering. Within the experimental temperature range the tetrablock copolymers are disordered, allowing for measurement of the diffusion coefficient in matrices with average compositions determined by the tetrablock copolymers (23, 42, 60, and 80% styrene by volume). Remarkably, for a given matrix composition the styrene and isoprene friction factors are essentially equivalent. Furthermore, at a constant interval from the system glass transition temperature, Tg, all of the friction factors (obtained from homopolymer, diblock copolymer, and tetrablock copolymer dynamics) agree to within an order of magnitude. This is in marked contrast to results for miscible polymer blends, where the individual components generally have distinct composition dependences and magnitudes at constant T − Tg. The homopolymer friction factors in the tetrablock matrices were systematically slightly higher than those of the diblock, which in turn were slightly higher than those of the homopolymers in their respective melts, when all compared at constant T − Tg. This is attributed to the local spatial distribution of styrene and isoprene segments in the tetrablocks, which presents a nonuniform free energy surface to the tracer molecules. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 3079–3086, 1998 相似文献
992.
中国战略性新兴产业国际竞争力评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以"新钻石模型"为基础,从产业环境、产业支撑和产业创新等3个维度构建战略性新兴产业国际竞争力评价指标体系.运用2005~2014年的面板数据对战略性新兴产业进行因子分析.评价结果显示,电子及通信设备制造业与医药制造业国际竞争力明显高于计算机及办公设备制造业与医疗仪器设备及仪器仪表制造业.航空航天器及设备制造业国际竞争力有很大提升潜力.电子及通信设备制造业创新能力表现突出,但战略性新兴产业整体创新能力较低. 相似文献
993.
Traditional ligand-field theory has to be improved by taking into account
both “pure electronic” contribution and electron-phonon interaction one
(including lattice-vibrational relaxation energy). By means of improved
ligand-field theory, R1,
R2, R3',
R2', and R1'
lines, U band, ground-state zero-field-splitting (GSZFS), and ground-state g factors of ruby and/or
GSGG:Cr3+ as well as thermal shifts of GSZFS, R1 line and R2 line of ruby have been calculated. The results are
in very good agreement with the experimental data. Moreover, it is found
that the value of cubic-field parameter given by traditional ligand-field
theory is inappropriately large. For thermal shifts of GSZFS, R1 line and R2 line of ruby, several conclusions have also been obtained. 相似文献
994.
995.
996.
997.
The concept of sweeping has been used in electrokinetic chromatography to explain the concentrating mechanism in micellar electrokinetic chromatography when the sample matrix is a high resistivity non-micellar aqueous solution. Theoretical and experimental studies were undertaken. It was found that the total focusing effect is brought about by the cumulative effect of sweeping and sample stacking. For better analytical results, compounds showing low to moderate retention factors (k) and compounds showing high values of k must be dissolved in low and high conductivity matrices, respectively. 相似文献
998.
Paulina Lewandowska Izabela Szczuka Iwona Bednarz-Misa Berenika M. Szczniak-Siga Katarzyna Neubauer Magdalena Mierzchaa-Pasierb Marek Zawadzki Wojciech Witkiewicz Magorzata Krzystek-Korpacka 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(23)
The mechanisms underlying the antineoplastic effects of oxicams have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to assess the effect of classic and novel oxicams on the expression/secretion of macrophage-associated chemokines (RTqPCR/Luminex xMAP) in colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, and on the expression of upstream the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-activated genes NAG1, NFKBIA, MYD88, and RELA, as well as at the chemokine profiling in colorectal tumors. Meloxicam downregulated CCL4 9.9-fold, but otherwise the classic oxicams had a negligible/non-significant effect. Novel analogues with a thiazine ring substituted with arylpiperazine and benzoyl moieties significantly modulated chemokine expression to varying degree, upregulated NAG1 and NFKBIA, and downregulated MYD88. They inhibited CCL3 and CCL4, and their effect on CCL2 and CXCL2 depended on the dose and exposure. The propylene linker between thiazine and piperazine nitrogens and one arylpiperazine fluorine substituent characterized the most effective analogue. Only CCL19 and CXCL2 were not upregulated in tumors, nor was CXCL2 in tumor-adjacent tissue compared to normal mucosa. Compared to adjacent tissue, CCL4 and CXCL2 were upregulated, while CCL2, CCL8, and CCL19 were downregulated in tumors. Tumor CCL2 and CCL7 increased along with advancing T and CCL3, and CCL4 along with the N stage. The introduction of arylpiperazine and benzoyl moieties into the oxicam scaffold yields effective modulators of chemokine expression, which act by upregulating NAG1 and interfering with NF-κB signaling. 相似文献
999.
针对市场上三款常见的不同材质的手机屏幕(LED背光LCD、OLED、SUPER AMOLED),在黑暗中、屏幕距离瞳孔15 cm处4种不同色温的条件下,研究不同手机对青少年生理节律和蓝光危害的影响。在充分考虑年龄、人眼受光面积、透射率的情况下,改进传统计算蓝光危害因子的公式,并计算节律因子和蓝光危害因子。结果表明,不管何种手机,节律因子和蓝光危害因子都随色温升高而增大,并且均呈现出良好的线性关系。在7 425~9 201 K色温下,节律因子由大到小依次为:OLED > SUPER AMOLED > LED背光LCD;而蓝光危害因子由大到小依次为:LED背光LCD > SUPER AMOLED > OLED,由此可以根据不同需求,选择相对更健康合适的手机。 相似文献
1000.
Takao Oi Kaishu Seki Yoshikazu Kikawada 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2019,55(2):199-210
18O/16O isotope effects were observed at the cathode of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell at 25 and 35°C. Results of experiments in which the 18O/16O isotope ratios of the oxygen gases supplied to and exhausted from the cell were measured revealed that the lighter isotope 16O reacted more preferentially to form water molecules at the cathode than the heavier one, 18O. The value of the oxygen isotope separation factor, S1, defined as the ratio of the 18O/16O isotope ratios of the oxygen gases supplied to and exhausted from the cell, ranged from 1.0030 to 1.0139, and tended to decrease with decreasing rate of oxygen utilisation (θ) and with increasing flow rate of the feed oxygen gas (DF). The value of another separation factor, S2, defined as the ratio of the 18O/16O isotope ratios of the exhausted oxygen gas and oxygen having reacted to form water molecules at the cathode, ranged from 1.0049 to 1.0304. The S2 value was much less affected by the change in θ and DF than the S1 value with the majority of the S2 value being in the range of 1.0240–1.0304. 相似文献