冻土可钻性理论分析及影响因素探讨

采用冲击载荷下的弹性波理论对冻土可钻性进行了理论分析 ,并分析了影响冻土可钻性的主要因素 ,即温度、波速、冲击韧性和凿碎比功 ,进行了冻结粘土在 7个不同温度下的可钻性试验 ,结果表明利用凿碎比功来确定冻土的可钻性 ,数据稳定 ,和钻眼相关性好 ,能较好的反映冻土可钻性。试验得出的结论对现场施工具有一定的参考价值     

青藏铁路冻土路基温度场随机有限元分析

从一阶Taylor展开式入手,结合冻土温度场计算有限元法,推导了冻土路基温度场随机有限元方程及有关计算公式,并对青藏铁路北麓河试验段冻土路基温度场进行了随机有限元分析,结果表明温度标准差与温度场的分布趋势大致相同,在垂直方向上,最大值都出现在路基上部,向下逐渐减小,但两者分布范围略有不同,路基内部标准差的分布范围明显较大,在一定深度处达到均化。     

An overlap criterion for selection of core orbitals

 An overlap criterion is defined that connects the identification of core orbitals in a molecular system, which can be problematic, to that in isolated atoms, which is well defined. This approach has been tested on a variety of troublesome systems that have been identified in the literature, including molecules containing third-row main-group elements, and is shown to remove errors of up to 100 kcal/mol arising from an inconsistent treatment of core orbitals at different locations on a potential-energy surface. For some systems and choices of core orbitals, errors as large as 19 kcal/mol can be introduced even when consistent sets of orbitals are frozen, and the new method is shown to identify these cases of substantial core–valence mixing. Finally, even when there is limited core–valence mixing, the frozen-core approximation can introduce errors of more than 5 kcal/mol, which is much larger than the presumed accuracy of models such as G2 and CBS-QB3. The source of these errors includes interatomic core–core and core–valence dispersion forces. Received: 31 August 2001 / Accepted: 11 October 2001 / Published online: 9 January 2002     

青藏公路多年冻土区冻土工程研究新进展

系统回顾了青藏高原多年冻土区公路工程冻土研究的过程和研究的内容 ,重点阐述了 90年代开展的冻土研究的研究成果 ,从冻土工程地质、路基下冻土温度场、冻土环境的影响、冻土工程分类、地理信息系统 5个侧面 ,来反映近年来在青藏公路研究中所取得的研究成果 ,这些成果为青藏铁路建设中重大冻土工程技术问题和工程设计提供了解决问题的科学依据     

寒区冻土环境与工程环境间的相互作用

从冻土环境和工程环境相互作用着手 ,分析了青藏公路建设过程中的冻土环境破坏、环境保护状况及冻土环境保护对工程建设的重要性 ,同时对正在拟建的青藏铁路 ,阐述了人类经济活动对冻土环境和工程环境的影响 ,并初步提出寒区冻土、工程环境质量监测、管理和评价系统的设计框架.     

关于一类抛物型Monge-Ampère方程解的注记

本文讨论如下抛物型Monge-Ampere方程的第一初边值问题-ut+det1/n D2u=g(χ,t),(χ,t)∈Q=Ω×(0,T),u= (χ,t),(χ,t)∈ pQ,其中Ω为Rn中有界凸集.证明了在更一般的结构条件下[3,7]的结果仍然成立.证明中重要的一点是在Rn × R中非柱型域上“冻结问题”的可解性.     

Organic reactions in frozen water: Michael addition of amines and thiols to the dehydroalanine side chain of nocathiacins

Nocathiacins are densely functionalized cyclic thiazolyl peptide natural products with potent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against a variety of gram-positive bacteria, including a number of multiple drug-resistant strains. Attempts to prepare Michael adducts using known conditions resulted in the formation of complex mixture of products. In order to overcome this problem, we developed unique conditions in which Michael addition of amine and thiol nucleophiles to the dehydroalanine moiety of nocathiacins was successfully achieved in frozen water. Under these conditions, the Michael addition was highly chemoselective, very efficient and provided good isolated yields of the desired products.     

新鲜植物样品的冷冻制样技术

为电子显微分析提供一种制备新鲜植物样品的方法，样品经过琼脂包埋，冷冻断裂，真空干燥处理，完好地保持了植物原来的自然结构，化学成分以及他们的对应关系。     

Incorporation and release behavior of amitriptylene in core-shell-corona type triblock copolymer micelles

A cationic antidepressant drug, amitriptylene (AMT), was successfully incorporated into core-shell-corona micelles of poly[styrene-b-sodium 2-(acrylamido)-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate-b-ethylene oxide] (PS-b-PAMPS-b-PEO). Zeta-potential measurements revealed that both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions contributed to the binding of the drug to the polymer. The AMT/PS-b-PAMPS-b-PEO nanocomplexes were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The hydrodynamic diameter of the AMT loaded nanocomplexes decreased from 80 to 40nm depending on the amount of the drug loaded on the polymer. This is attributed to the cancellation of the negative charge of the PAMPS group by the cationic drug. The AMT/PS-b-PAMPS-b-PEO nanocomplexes were stable in aqueous solution exhibiting no aggregation or no precipitation for several months. Release of the AMT from the nanocomplexes was investigated in vitro in salt-free and 0.1M NaCl solutions. The drug was released faster in the 0.1M NaCl solution than in the salt-free solution. This is due to the shielding effect of the salt on the electrostatic interaction. However, in both cases, the drug release mainly occurs by the Fickian diffusion mechanism.