X射线线形的解卷分析与Bragg角的精确计算

采用解析函数模拟X射线线形, 在排除实验测试误差影响的条件下, 研究仪器宽化修正过程中各种因素如Kα双线、线形宽度和原点选取等对傅里叶系数和真实线形的影响;分析了从傅里叶系数或真实线形分离晶粒尺寸和微观应变的可靠性; 提出了无任何假设的前提下, 由实测线形的解卷计算求得精确Bragg角的方法. 关键词： X射线线形 傅里叶变换 真实线形 Bragg角     

傅里叶变换红外光谱仪中动镜系统的设计

为提升傅里叶变换红外光谱仪的整体性能,基于立体角镜与平面镜组合的光学结构,设计了一种柔性支撑机构的摆动型动镜机构.建立和分析该机构控制模型,设计了相适应的反馈控制算法.结果表明:该结构具有无摩擦、抗震性好等优点;光学结构能够很好地补偿动镜摆动造成的倾斜与横移误差,保证仪器的重复性与稳定性;通过对控制算法参量的调整,动镜机构的扫描准确度优于98.4%.在4cm-1的光谱分辨率条件下,使用该动镜机构所测得的红外光谱信噪比优于80000:1,能够满足高准确度定量分析的要求.     

Composition of oxygen precipitates in Czochralski silicon wafers investigated by STEM with EDX/EELS and FTIR spectroscopy

In this work, we investigated the stoichiometry of oxygen precipitates in Czochralski silicon wafers. The thickness dependence of the Cliff–Lorimer sensitivity factor for the silicon/oxygen system was determined and applied for the investigation of the stoichiometry of oxygen precipitates by EDX. The results show that both plate‐like oxygen precipitates and a transitional form between plate‐like and octahedral precipi‐ tates consist of SiO₂. This was confirmed by EELS low loss spectra where the typical spectrum for amorphous SiO₂ was observed. Moreover, the absorption band of plate‐like precipitates at 1227 cm^–1 was found in the low temperature FTIR spectrum. It was demonstrated that this band can only be simulated by the dielectric constants of amorphous SiO₂. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

空间调制傅里叶变换红外光谱仪干涉系统透射效率研究

光学系统表面的反射与材料的吸收会降低空间调制傅里叶变换红外光谱仪中光的透过率。通过对干涉系统透过率函数的计算和对采样干涉图与复原光谱的仿真,结果显示透过率函数作用下的干涉图像对比度下降,复原光谱中的谱线强度发生衰减。分析表明,干涉图像对比度的下降主要是由分束器对入射光的有效反射引起的,而谱线强度的衰减则是由与增透膜的光强反射率R₁、分束膜的光强反射率R₂和材料的吸收系数α有关的透射效率函数所决定。通过分析论证,对于本文所研究的光谱波段,可以不考虑材料的吸收,所以透射效率主要由R₁和R₂决定。由此,将透射效率作为设计指标,根据系统的设计需求,就可以得到增透膜与分束膜光强反射率的容限值。     

Effect of the nonlinearity of the CCD in Fourier transform profilometry on spectrum overlapping and measurement accuracy

In Fourier transform profilometry (FTP), we must restrain spectrum overlapping caused by the nonlinearity of the charge coupled device (CCD) and increase the measurement accuracy of the object shape. Firstly, the causes of producing higher-order spectrum components and inducing spectrum overlapping are analysed theoretically, and a simple physical explanation and analytical deduction are given. Secondly, aiming to suppress spectrum overlapping and improve measurement accuracy, the influence of spatial carrier frequency of projection grating on them is analysed. A method of increasing the spatial carrier frequency of projection grating to restrain or reduce the spectrum overlapping significantly is proposed. We then analyze the mechanism of how the spectrum overlapping is reduced. Finally, the simulation results and experimental measurements verify the correction of the proposed theory and method.     

红外光谱法对牛肝菌种类鉴别及镉含量预测研究

建立红外光谱快速鉴别牛肝菌种类及预测牛肝菌中重金属镉(Cd)含量的方法。采集11种牛肝菌共98个子实体的红外光谱信息,解析牛肝菌的红外光谱,用一阶导数、标准正态变量和多元散射校正对原始光谱进行预处理,通过PLS-DA鉴别牛肝菌种类。采用ICP-AES法测定牛肝菌中有毒重金属Cd含量,分析牛肝菌对Cd的富集规律并与GB 2762—2012规定的食用菌中Cd限量标准比较,评价牛肝菌的食用安全性。以食用菌对重金属Cd的富集机理为切入点,将牛肝菌红外光谱数据和Cd含量数据进行拟合,用PLS模型快速预测牛肝菌的Cd含量。结果显示:(1)牛肝菌红外光谱经过适当的预处理进行PLS-DA,前三个主成分累积贡献率达到79.3%,PLS-DA的三维得分图能明显区分不同种类牛肝菌;(2)不同产地、种类牛肝菌对重金属Cd的富集存在差异,其含量在0.05~23.41mg·kg~(-1) dw之间,除了采自昆明五华区的灰疣柄牛肝菌外,多数样品的Cd含量超过GB2762-2012的限量标准,食用有一定的健康风险;(3)牛肝菌红外光谱数据与Cd含量拟合后进行正交信号校正-小波压缩优化处理,用PLS模型预测牛肝菌的Cd含量;训练集和验证集的R~2分别为0.851 9和0.882 4,RMSEE和RMSEP分别为2.59和2.67,大部分牛肝菌的Cd含量预测值与真实值较接近,表明PLS模型可用于牛肝菌Cd含量快速预测。傅里叶变换红外光谱结合化学计量学能实现牛肝菌种类快速鉴别及Cd含量准确预测,为牛肝菌种类鉴别和质量控制提供快速、有效的方法。     

基于傅立叶变换的射频场分布测量方法

提出了一种基于傅立叶变换的射频场分布测量方法，该方法可以方便地测量出射频场的分布，其测量结果与样品的均匀度无关并且可以分别观测某个像素点处的层内射频场非均匀性或某个小区域内的射频场非均匀性.     

傅里叶变换红外光谱与拉曼光谱分析碳青霉烯药物亚胺培南的结构特征

本文采用傅里叶变换红外光谱和激光拉曼光谱对碳青霉烯药物亚胺培南进行光谱检测,并对其的分子振动光谱与结构特征进行分析和探讨,分析了亚胺培南在固相状态下的结构形式,从而为药物合成及质量控制提供了重要的参考价值。     

Phase-Only Encryption and Single Path Decryption System Using Phase-Encoded Exclusive-OR Rules in Fourier Domain

A phase-only encryption scheme using phase-encoded exclusive-OR (XOR) rules in a Fourier plane and a single path decryption system are presented. To generate phase-only encrypted data, a zero-padded original image, multiplied by a random phase image, is Fourier transformed and its real-valued data is encrypted with key data by using phase-encoded XOR rules. Since the original information is encrypted on the Fourier plane, the proposed encryption is more tolerant to loss of key information by scratching or cutting than previous XOR encryption in a space domain. A decryption is simply performed based on 2-f setup with spatial filter by Fourier transform for multiplication phase-only encrypted data with phase-only key data. Due to single path architecture without a reference wave, the proposed system is resistant to mechanical vibrations and fluctuation. Numerical simulations have confirmed the validity of the proposed encryption scheme and simple decryption architecture.     

SIMPLE TECHNIQUES FOR DETERMINING THE SMALL-SIGNAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT OF MESFET’s

Simple techniques for determining the broadband small signal equivalent circuit (SSEC) of MESFETs are presented in this paper. The intrinsic elements are calculated using two-dimensional method from the Y parameters, which are obtained from the Fourier analysis of the device transient response to voltage-step perturbations at the drain and gate electrodes. Whereas, the parasitic external elements are determined by simple approximations used in transmission line modeling. In addition, a new technique is also proposed to determine the source and drain series resistances. A comparison of the SSEC of three different MESFETs technologies shows that the MESFETs on GaN and 4H-SiC are suitable for high power applications. The method used to determine the intrinsic elements is validated with simulated data obtained by Monte Carlo method.