Biochemical and computational insights of adenosine deaminase inhibition by Epigallocatechin gallate

Epigallocatechin gallate, a flavonoid from Camellia sinensis possess various pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant etc. Adenosine deaminase, (ADA), is a key enzyme involved in the purine metabolism, the inhibitors of which is being considered as highly promising candidate for the development of anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory drugs. In this work we studied adenosine deaminase inhibitory activity of epigallocatechin gallate by using biophysical and computational methods. The enzyme inhibition study result indicated that epigallocatechin gallate possess strong inhibitory activity on ADA. ITC study revealed the energetics of binding. Also the binding is confirmed by using fluorescence spectroscopy. The structural details of binding are obtained from molecular docking and MD simulation studies.     

Simulation and optimization of a polymer directional coupler electro-optic switch with push-pull electrodes

Structural model and design technique are proposed for a polymer directional coupler electro-optic switch with rib waveguides and push-pull electrodes, of which the electric field distribution is analyzed by the conformal transforming method and image method. In order to get the minimum mode loss and the minimum switching voltage, the parameters of the waveguide and electrode are optimized, such as the core with, core thickness, buffer layer between the core and the electrode, coupling gap between the waveguides, electrode thickness, electrode width and electrode gap. Switching Characteristics are analyzed, which include the output power, insertion loss, and crosstalk. To realize normal switching function, the fabrication error, spectrum shift, and coupling loss between a single mode fiber (SMF) and the waveguide are discussed. Simulation results show that the coupling length is 3082 μm, push-pull switching voltage is 2.14 V, insertion loss is less than 1.17 dB, and crosstalk is less than −30 dB for the designed device.     

Spectral anomalies of focused hollow Gaussian beams at the geometrical focal plane

On the basis of diffraction integral and the expansion of the hard-aperture function into a finite series of complex Gaussian functions, an approximate expression for spatially fully coherent polychromatic hollow Gaussian beams passing through aperture lens is obtained. Detailed numerical results indicate that remarkable spectral changes always occurs near the points where the field amplitude has zero value. The effects of truncation parameter, Fresnel number and the beam order on spectral shifts and spectral switches are investigated numerically.     

Flexible integration of optical switch with optical power splitting and attenuating functions for optical fiber-based networking applications

A flexible integration of optical switch with optical power splitting and attenuating functions has been proposed to optimally serve optical fiber-based networking applications. In this switch, an etched binary-slope sidewall reflector is electrostatically actuated in and out of the plane to manipulate optical signals between input and output optical fibers. The fabrication process is a simple combination of a bulk-silicon micromachining process and silicon-to-glass anodic bonding where fiber alignment grooves, reflectors and actuators are fabricated on the same silicon substrate. Ball-lensed fibers are assembled with the device to achieve high coupling efficiency. Performances of the fabricated devices are measured and discussed. The switching time is less than 9 ms at 31 V. The excess loss of the device is less than 3 dB and the controllable attenuation range is up to 38 dB at 139 V, respectively. Moreover, polarization-dependent loss is less than 0.7 dB in the whole attenuation and splitting range.     

Ultrafast dynamics and temperature effects on the quantum efficiency of the ring-opening reaction of a photochromic indolylfulgide

The ultrafast ring-opening reaction of the molecular switch 1,2-Dimethyl-3-indolylfulgide dissolved in acetonitrile is investigated by temperature dependent quantum efficiency measurements and time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy in the ultraviolet and visible spectral range. The photoreaction is found to be thermally activated with an activation energy of about 1640 cm^− 1. The transient absorption signal is bi-exponential with the time constants τ₁ = 0.7 ps and τ₂ = 12 ps. The fast time constant is due to solvation dynamics, while the main component τ₂ is attributed to the excited state lifetime and product formation. A long-lived intermediate state in the photoreaction can be excluded.     

基于磁开关的全固态、高功率、长脉冲发生器的初步研究

大多数电容储能型脉冲功率装置的共同特点是采用了气体开关, 由于气体绝缘恢复的限制和电极的烧蚀, 使得其重复频率都不太高, 而且寿命有限. 而目前广泛研究的磁脉冲压缩技术在脉冲功率系统的长寿命、高平均功率和高重复频率运行方面具有很大的应用前景. 通过对BOOST电路、LC谐振电路和磁脉冲压缩电路详细的理论分析和计算机模拟, 设计了由BOOST电路, LC谐振电路, 脉冲变压器, 磁压缩系统, 负载五大部分组成的脉冲发生器电路系统模型, 使用Pspice软件对系统进行了模拟、优化, 得到了电压幅值为55kV, 脉宽为500ns的输出脉冲.     

Characterization of Standard Reference Material 2941, uranyl-ion-doped glass, spectral correction standard for fluorescence

Standard Reference Material^® (SRM^®) 2941 is a cuvette-shaped, uranyl-ion-doped glass, recommended for use for relative spectral correction of emission and day-to-day performance validation of fluorescence spectrometers. Properties of this standard that influence its effective use or contribute to the uncertainty in its certified emission spectrum have been explored here. These properties include its photostability, absorbance, dissolution rate in water, anisotropy, temperature coefficient of fluorescence intensity, and fluorescence lifetimes. The expanded uncertainties in the certified spectrum are about 4% around the peak maximum at 526 nm, using an excitation wavelength of 427 nm. The SRM also exhibits a strong resistance to photodegradation, with no measurable decrease in fluorescence intensity even after 8 h of laser irradiation.     

Study on the binding of 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene with bovine serum albumin by fluorescence spectroscopy

The interaction of 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene (DBO) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been studied using absorption and steady state fluorescence techniques. Fluorescence spectrum of BSA (λ_exi=280 nm) in the presence of DBO clearly shows that DBO acts as a quencher. The number of binding sites ‘n’ and apparent binding constant ‘K’ were measured by Stern-Volmer equation. Synchronous fluorescence and absorption spectra were used to study protein conformation. The interaction between DBO and BSA is consistent with static quenching and the conformational changes of BSA observed.     

Crystal structure of Ni(II) complex and fluorescence properties of Zn(II) complex with the Schiff base derived from diethenetriamine and PMBP

The Schiff base, H₂L, was derived from 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone (PMBP) and diethenetriamine. The crystal structure of [NiL(C₂H₅OH)]·H₂O obtained from ethanol solution was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The coordination geometry of Ni(II) ion is a distorted octahedron with three oxygen atoms and three nitrogen atoms. Under the excitation of ultraviolet light, strong fluorescence of solid Zn(II) complex was observed. In addition, the fluorescence enhancement was obtained in the presence of Zn²⁺ in THF solution of the ligand, indicating that H₂L may be a potential fluorescent sensor for Zn²⁺.     

Study on the interaction of tropisetron hydrochloride and l-tryptophan by spectrofluorimetry and its analytical application

A new method to determine tropisetron hydrochloride with l-tryptophan in the medium with pH=9.0 was studied, which is based on the fluorescence quenching effect of tropisetron hydrochloride on l-tryptophan. The fluorescence quenching mechanism and various factors influencing fluorescence quenching were discussed. Under the optimum conditions, the linear range and detection limit were 0.03-12.0 and 0.01 μg/mL (correlation coefficient r=0.9970), respectively. The calibration curve equation was ΔF=6.17+12.56 C (μg/mL). RSD was 3.4% (c=4.0 μg/mL, n=5); the detection limit estimated (S/N=3) was 0.01 μg/mL. The proposed method had been successfully applied to determine tropisetron hydrochloride in real samples and the obtained results were in good agreement with the results of the official method.