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81.
Alexander Tuan-Huy Duong Bryan J. Simmons Mohammad Parvez Alam Jesus Campagna Neil K. Garg Varghese John 《Tetrahedron letters》2019,60(3):322-326
This study describes our development of a microfluidic reaction scheme for the synthesis of fused indoline ring systems found in several bioactive compounds. We have utilized a continuous-flow microfluidic reactor for the reaction of hydrazines with latent aldehydes through the interrupted Fischer indolization reaction to form fused indoline and azaindoline products. We have identified optimal conditions and evaluated the scope of this microfluidic reaction using various hydrazine and latent aldehyde surrogates. This green chemistry approach can be of general utility to rapidly produce indoline scaffolds and intermediates in a continuous manner. 相似文献
82.
随机中子动力学是核动力设计和核反应堆安全中的重要课题,本文从随机中子动力学的基础概念和研究方法出发,介绍随机中子动力学研究的历史发展和研究现状.裂变中子与光子的多重性是反应堆零功率中子噪声主要来源,对中子涨落的方程描述及其求解,演化出零功率中子噪声与功率反应堆噪声的随机理论.随机中子动力学的重要应用包括反应性微观测量、功率反应堆噪声测量和分析、核临界漂移分析和核材料识别与检测等.在半个多世纪的研究中,以脉冲堆点火过程的脉冲爆发等待时间分布为代表的随机性,一直缺乏定量分析方法和工具.直到近几年,模拟随机中子动力学过程的广义半马尔科夫过程模拟方法取得了重要进展,很好地揭示了脉冲堆实验中子点火规律.最后讨论随机中子动力学研究中有待解决的研究课题. 相似文献
83.
研究核爆聚变电站中的一类中子学问题——如何利用核爆炸产生的大量中子生产核燃料.首先,根据核爆中子场的特点,确定可以利用的中子能量范围.用慢化理论对慢化材料的厚度进行估计,并用MCNP程序进行数值计算.研究如何利用中子反照效应减少造材料层的厚度,最后提出一个较合理的造材料技术路线. 相似文献
84.
《Analytical letters》2012,45(12):1107-1111
Abstract An exploratory study was made of the esterification of octanoic acid using reaction-gas chromatography and diazo-methane prepared by distillation as reagent. The technique does not require esterification external to the chromatographic system. 相似文献
85.
l-Glutamine amidohydrolase (l-glutaminase, EC 3.5.1.2) is a therapeutically and industrially important enzyme. Because it is a potent antileukemic agent
and a flavor-enhancing agent used in the food industry, many researchers have focused their attention on l-glutaminase. In this article, we report the continuous production of extracellular l-glutaminase by the marine fungus Beauveria bassiana BTMF S-10 in a packed-bed reactor. Parameters influencing bead production and performance under batch mode were optimized
in the order-support (Na-alginate) concentration, concentration of CaCl2 for bead preparation, curing time of beads, spore inoculum concentration, activation time, initial pH of enzyme production
medium, temperature of incubation, and retention time. Parameters optimized under batch mode for l-glutaminase production were incorporated into the continuous production studies. Beads with 12×108 spores/g of beads were activated in a solution of 1% glutamine in seawater for 15 h, and the activated beads were packed
into a packed-bed reactor. Enzyme production medium (pH 9.0) was pumped through the bed, and the effluent was collected from
the top of the column. The effect of flow rate of the medium, substrate concentration, aeration, and bed height on continuous
production of l-glutaminase was studied. Production was monitored for 5 h in each case, and the volumetric productivity was calculated. Under
the optimized conditions for continuous production, the reactor gave a volumetric productivity of 4.048 U/(mL·h), which indicates
that continuous production of the enzyme by Ca-alginate-immobilized spores is well suited for B. bassiana and results in a higher yield of enzyme within a shorter time. The results indicate the scope of utilizing immobilized B. bassiana for continuous commercial production of l-glutaminase. 相似文献
86.
分析了磁阀式可控电抗器的结构和工作原理,通过直流控制电流控制铁芯的饱和度来调节电抗器的投入容量,采用可控硅和复杂的可编程逻辑器件(CPLD)为其设计了控制装置,实现了电抗器容量的自动连续调节,具有响应速度快、可靠性高的特点,并在电网无功补偿中得到了较好的应用. 相似文献
87.
The kinetics of the reactions of the macroradicals Rf′OCF2 (I) and Rf′OCF2CF2 (II) with HCl, Cl2 and F2 have been studied in the liquid phase, being Rf′ a poly(oxydifluoromethylene-oxytetrafluoroethylene) chain with average molecular weight of about 104 Da. Radical (I) showed a higher reactivity compared to radical (II) with all the three radical transfer agents.In case of HCl the activation energy for the reaction:
88.
A numerical analysis is presented for buoyancy driven flow of a Newtonian fluid contained in a two dimensional (R, ) hemispherical enclosure for high Rayleigh (Ra) numbers. It is assumed that the flow is driven by the uniformly distributed internal heat sources within the enclosure. All walls of the cavity are maintained at a constant temperature. Finite volume based SIMPLER algorithm has been used for the present analysis. Discretised governing equations, in primitive variables, are solved by a combination of Three Diagonal Matrix Algorithm (TDMA) and Point Successive Overrelaxation (PSOR) method. A benchmark solution prepared for a Ra number range of 107 to 1012 and Prandtl (Pr) number 7.0, shows an excellent agreement with the experimental results obtained from the open literature. 相似文献
89.
The mechanical design of the target module of an accelerator driven subcritical nuclear reactor system (ADSS) calls for an
analysis of the related thermal-hydraulic issues because of large amount of heat deposition in the spallation region during
the course of nuclear interactions with the molten lead bismuth eutectic (LBE) target. The LBE also should carry the entire
heat generated as a consequence of the spallation reaction. The problem of heat removal by the LBE is a challenging thermal-hydraulic
issue. For this, one has to examine the flows of low Prandtl number fluids (LBE) in a complex ADSS geometry. In this study,
the equations governing the laminar flow and thermal energy are solved numerically using the streamline upwind Petrov-Galerkin
(SUPG) finite element (FE) method. The target systems with a straight and a nozzle guide have been considered. The principal
purpose of the analysis is to trace the flow and temperature distribution and thereby to check the suitability of the flow
guide in avoiding the recirculation or stagnation zones in the flow space that may lead to hot spots.
相似文献
90.
Roland Wittje 《Physics in Perspective (PIP)》2007,9(4):406-433
In the late 1940s and the 1950s, Norwegian nuclear scientists, engineers, and administrators were deeply split over their
nation’s goals, organization, politics, and tools for research in nuclear physics. One faction was determined to build a nuclear
reactor in Norway, while another fiercely opposed the reactor plans and focused on particle accelerators. The first faction
comprised scientific entrepreneurs and research technologists, the second academic scientists, most of whom began their research
careers in nuclear physics in the 1930s. To understand this conflict, I trace the development of nuclear research in Norway
from the early 1930s to the mid-1950s, placing it within an international context.
Roland Wittje is working on his habilitation thesis in the History of Science Unit at the University of Regensburg, Germany. 相似文献