PVK空穴传输层对Ndq3近红外发光二极管性能的影响

以PEDOT∶PSS作为空穴注入层,聚合物PVK作为空穴传输层,制备了结构为ITO/PEDOT∶PSS/PVK/8-羟基喹啉钕(Ndq3)/Al的近红外OLED,研究了PVK与PEDOT∶PSS功能层对器件I-V特性和EL光谱的影响。结果显示,在EL光谱中的905,1 064,1 340 nm处均观察到了荧光发射,分别对应于Nd3+的4F3/2→4I9/2、4F3/2→4I11/2和4F3/2→4I13/2能级跃迁。与参考器件对比分析认为,PEDOT∶PSS高的导电性降低了器件的串联电阻,增大了器件的工作电流;PVK与PEDOT∶PSS共同降低了空穴的注入势垒,实现了Ndq3发光层区域的载流子的注入平衡并改善了器件的发射强度。此外,PVK有效降低了ITO电极表面粗糙度,也是器件性能提高的原因之一。     

送粉角度对激光熔覆铁基复合涂层形状特征的影响

通过分析激光熔覆过程中光束、粉末和熔池间的作用机理,建立了送粉式激光熔覆材料有效利用率的数学模型,在此基础上推导了送粉角度与工艺参数之间的定量关系式,并计算了不同送粉角度下的熔覆材料有效利用率、熔高和横截面积。结果表明,在熔覆工艺参数不变的条件下,理论计算的熔覆材料有效利用率、熔覆层高度和横截面积均随送粉角度的增加而增大,且均高于实验检测值。激光熔覆过程中,由于粉末烧损和机械损失,使熔覆材料有效利用率、熔高和横截面积随送粉角度变化出现最大值,理想送粉角度为60。     

中间补气的双级压缩热泵系统性能的实验研究

以滚动活塞压缩机为例,搭建了带中间补气的单机双级压缩热泵系统,对中间补气参数对系统制热性能的影响进行实验研究。实验结果表明:中间补气与不补气相比,制热量增加5～8%,制热COP提高3～7%。能降低排气温度8～14℃,压缩机效率提高5～12%,高压级容积效率提高4～9%。为今后压缩机设计和热泵系统运行提供了实验数据和经验参考。     

矿区土壤中含水率及重金属迁移转化的数值模拟

本文基于由连续性方程和达西定律所推出的土壤中水分运动基本方程,以一维垂向水分方程为研究对象,构造稳定收敛的有限差分格式,运用MATLAB数学工具,对地面饱水情况下土壤水分运动的一维垂向方程进行了数值模拟,得到了土壤中水分的迁移规律;同时,综合考虑对流扩散作用以及土壤对重金属的吸附解吸作用,利用非饱和土壤中重金属离子迁移转化模型,对锌离子在矿区土壤中的迁移转化进行了数值模拟,展示了锌离子在矿区土壤中的浓度分布规律．     

Environmental dispersion in a three-layer wetland flow with free-surface

To further address the characteristic of contaminant transport in wetlands of a multi-layer structure, environmental dispersion of a pulsed contaminant emission into a steady flow is analytically explored in this paper for the typical case of a respectively vegetated or packed three-layer wetland dominated with free-water-surface-effect. The hierarchical structure for the critical length and duration of the contaminant cloud is illustrated for the dispersion of typical contaminant constituents.     

Measurement of currents and floating potential in multilayer sensor due to oil-flow electrification

This paper presents floating potential and current measurements due to oil-flow electrification inside a multilayer sensor incorporated in a closed loop filled with fresh transformer oil. All leakage currents at the sensor inlet and outlet, the capacitive current and the streaming current are measured. The waveforms of these currents, floating potential as well as the oil temperature at the sensor inlet are simultaneously recorded for laminar flow and at controlled operating conditions. The measured floating potentials are compared with the calculated ones under different oil-flow velocities and good agreement has been found.     

Numerical study of the heat transfer and electro-thermo-convective flow patterns in dielectric liquid layer subjected to unipolar injection

In this article we study the electro-thermal convection in a dielectric liquid layer placed between two electrodes and subjected to the simultaneous action of an electric field and a thermal gradient. The full set of equations describing the electro-thermo-convective phenomena is directly solved using a finite volume method. We first heat the liquid from below at time t = 0, wait for the thermal steady state and then inject the electric charges by applying the electric potential. The development of the electro-convective motion is analysed in detail in two cases: 1) strong injection from the lower electrode, 2) strong injection from the upper one. We also study the heat transfer enhancement due to electro-convection. The evolution in time of the Nusselt number Nu for different combinations of the two usual non-dimensional parameters associated to the electro-thermo-convection phenomena (Rayleigh number Ra and the electrical parameter T) is also given and analysed.     

Skin Thickness and β-Crystals Development in Injection-Molded iPP Along the Flow Direction

In this study, iPP was injection molded at 180°C, 200°C, and 220°C. According to polarization optical microscopy (POM) results, for a given part, the skin thickness steadily decreases along the flow direction. However, at the same distance from the gate, the skin thickness of the parts molded at lower melt temperature is larger than that molded at higher melt temperature. It is found that flow time (here, the time taken for melt to pass the specific position along the flow direction) and melt temperature are two significant factors leading to this phenomenon, while the gate size is another one.

The DSC and WAXD results show that the relative fraction of β-form crystals, for a specific part, decreases along the flow direction, which is mainly determined by flow time. However, for the parts molded at different molding temperatures, the fraction of the β-form crystals is mainly determined by the molding temperature, though this influence is very complex.