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排序方式: 共有783条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
石化废水排放量大、污染物成分复杂,对环境的危害较大。采用三维荧光光谱扫描技术分析了某大型石化企业综合污水处理厂各处理单元(水解酸化+A/O+接触氧化工艺)进出水的荧光光谱特征。污水厂总进水包含四个荧光峰Peak A,Peak B,Peak D,Peak E,分别位于λex/λem=220/300,225/340,270/300,275/340nm附近,荧光物质主要来自工业废水,水解酸化池出水各荧光峰强度有所降低,位置基本不变,厌氧池出水λex/λem=250/425nm附近出现新荧光峰Peak C,好氧池出水荧光峰Peak C处荧光强度有所增强,二沉池出水Peak A消失,二沉池之后水样荧光谱图变化不大;该处理工艺对荧光有机物的总去除率为92.0%,Peak A,Peak B,Peak D,Peak E附近的荧光有机物去除率分别为100.0%,91.2%,80.3%,92.0%;污水厂进水IPeak B/IPeak E值波动较大而出水变化不大,表明该污水处理厂运行稳定,其处理工艺具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力。 相似文献
2.
用PCR技术检测生物硝化池污水中硝化细菌(Nitrobacteria)的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
从生物硝化池污水水样中分离了硝化细菌DNA,以其为模板,针对其16SrRNA基因及23SrRNA基因而设计合成了两对引物并分别进行了PCR扩增,扩增产物的2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果显示,硝化细菌DNA模板得到了特异性扩增.参照分子量标准(Marker)的电泳结果,被扩增的DNA条带大小分别约为400bp和730bp.实验结果表明PCR技术可用于污水中硝化细菌的快速检测 相似文献
3.
M. S. Podder 《Composite Interfaces》2016,23(4):327-372
The granular activated carbon/MnFe2O4 composite with a mass ratio of 2:1 was synthesized using a simple chemical coprecipitation procedure and used for the removal of As(III) and As(V) from synthetically prepared wastewater. Physicochemical analysis of the composite was carried out through Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface area and total pore volume, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Micrograph and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The impact of various adsorption parameters such as the initial pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, temperature and initial arsenic concentration were systematically investigated to evaluate the optimum operating conditions. Nonlinear regression analysis was employed to identify the best-fit isotherm on the basis of three correlation coefficients and three error functions and also to predict the parameters involved in one one-parameter, six two-parameter, nineteen three-parameter, three four-parameter and one five-parameter isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacities estimated using the Langmuir model were 1253 mg/g for As(III) and 1314 mg/g for As(V) at 30 °C temperature and 70 min contact time. The results showed that As(III) and As(V) removal was strongly pH-dependent with an optimum pH value of 7.0 and 4.0, respectively. The mean adsorption energy (E) calculated from the D–R model indicated the nature of adsorption being ion exchange type. 相似文献
4.
Chen Chee-Shan Chan E. Wang S. L. Gong C. S. Chen L. F. 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1994,(1):531-544
A self-aggregating strain ofSaccharomyces uvarum (U4) was used as a biocatalyst to carry out continuous ethanol fermentation in a tower fermentor equipped with a cell separator.
Cell aggregates (2–3 mm) formed a stable packed bed in the fermentor, and the cell separator retained yeast cells effectively.
Corn steep liquor was used as a nitrogen source for the fermentation of corn syrup and black strap molasses. An ethanol productivity
of 54 g/L/h was reached using corn syrup at a dilution rate of 0.7/h, and sugar concentration in the feed was 15% (w/v). For
molasses fermentation, an ethanol productivity of 22 g/L/h was obtained at a dilution rate of 0.7/h, and sugar concentration
in the feed was 12.5% (w/v). Ethanol yields obtained from tower fermentation are higher than those obtained from flask fermentation
(96% for corn syrup fermentation and 92% for molasses fermentation). No significant loss in fermentation activity was observed
after 3 mo of operation. 相似文献
5.
本文报导了以玻碳电极为基体的1:12硅钼杂多阴离子薄膜化学修铈电极的制备及其电化学特性。并应用于导数伏安法测定。在4.0×10 ̄(-3)m0l/L(NH_4)_6MO_7O_(24)-6.8×10 ̄(-2)mol/LNa_3Cit-0.48mol/LNHO_3体系中,硅浓度在8.3×10 ̄(-7)~1.7×10 ̄(-3)mol/L范围内与峰电流呈良好线性关系,检测限为8.0×10 ̄(-7)mol/L。对可溶性硅(以SiO_2计)为245.05mg/L的黑液,稀释10倍后,取2.00mL平行测定9次,RSD为0.58%,加标回收率在97.3%~104.4%间。 相似文献
6.
Limited land and insufficient technicians to operate a wastewater treatment system are main restrictions for many factories.
Therefore, an ideal wastewater treatment method for a small or land-limited factory must possess merits such as high performance
efficiency, high organic loading rate, little odor, simple operation, easy maintenance, and little land required (simultaneously).
An entrapment technique to immobilize mixed microorganisms to treat organic wastewater, which was developed in the present
work, possesses these characteristics. This project was done on a laboratory scale. The microorganisms were activated sludge
(an undefined mixture of microorganisms obtained directly from a domestic wastewater treatment plan) and the mixed microorganisms
were immobilized in cellulose triacetate by means of an entrapment technique to treat organic wastewater from food industry.
After wastewater was treated by this system, the SCOD (soluble COD) removal efficiency of 81% evaluated samples exceeded 80%
in 1.5 ± 0.9 g SCOD/L/d of the volumetric loading rate and 7–10 h for the hydraulic retention time. This wastewater treatment
method can be applied to other organic industrial wastewater. 相似文献
7.
The effect of the shear rate on pullulan production from beet molasses by Aureobasidium pullulans P56 in an airlift reactor was investigated. A maximum polysaccharide concentration (18.5 g/L), biomass dry weight (14.0 g/L),
polysaccharide yield (38.5%), and sugar utilization (96%) was achieved at a shear rate of 42 s−1. A. pullulans grown on beet molasses produced a mixture of pullulan and other polysaccharides. The highest value of pullulan proportion
(30% of total polysaccharide) was obtained at a low shear rate (42 s−1). The apparent viscosity of the fermentation broth increased as the shear rate increased up to 42 s−1 and then decreased. On the other hand, the dissolved oxygen concentration and the volumetric mass transfer coefficient increased
with the increase of the shear rate from 21 to 84 s−1. The external addition of L-glutamic acid, olive oil, and Tween-80 improved significantly the production of crude polysaccharide (27.0 g/L), but the
pullulan content of the polysaccharide was low (20%). 相似文献
8.
Zhong‐Kun Li Yanying Wei Xue Gao Li Ding Zong Lu Junjie Deng Xianfeng Yang Jürgen Caro Haihui Wang 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(24):9751-9756
The uncontrolled release of antibiotics and pharmaceuticals into the environment is a worldwide increasing problem. Thus, highly efficient treatment technologies for wastewater are urgently needed. In this work, seven kinds of typical antibiotics (including water and alcohol soluble ones) are successfully separated from the corresponding aqueous and ethanolic solutions using highly regular laminated membranes. Our membranes are assembled with 2–4 μm titanium carbide nanosheets. The solvent permeance through such titanium carbide membrane is one order of magnitude higher than that through most polymeric nanofiltration membranes with similar antibiotics rejection. This high flux is due to the regular two‐dimensional (2D) structure resulting from the large aspect ratio of titanium carbide nanosheets. Moreover, the electrostatic interaction between the surface terminations and the antibiotics also affects the rejection and enhances the antifouling property. Such 2D titanium carbide membranes further broaden the application scope of laminated materials for separation and purification of high value added drugs in academia and industry. 相似文献
9.
Bing Shao Dong Chen Jing Zhang Yongning Wu Chengjun Sun 《Journal of chromatography. A》2009,1216(47):8312-8318
A multi-residue method for the analysis of 76 pharmaceutical agents of nine classes of drugs (tetracyclines, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, β-agonists, β-blockers, diuretics, sedatives, sulfonamides and chloramphenicol) in slaughterhouse wastewater and a receiving river is presented. After simultaneous extraction with an Oasis HLB solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge and further purification using an amino SPE cartridge, analytes were detected by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry in positive or negative ion mode. Standard addition was used for quantification to overcome unavoidable matrix effects during ESI-MS analysis. Recoveries for most analytes based on matrix-matched calibration in different test matrices were >60%. The method quantification limits of 76 pharmaceuticals were in the range 0.2–30 ng/L. Nineteen compounds of 76 drugs were found in raw and treated slaughterhouse wastewater from four main slaughterhouses in Beijing. Sulfanamides (sulfanilamide, sulfameter), fluoroquenones (ofloxacin, pefloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin), tetracyclines (tetracycline, oxytetracycline) and macrolides (kitasamycin, tylosin, erythromycin) were most frequently detected, with the highest levels up to ∼3 μg/L in slaughterhouse wastewater and ∼1 μg/L in treated wastewater. Illicit drugs for animal feeding such as clenbuterol and diazepam were commonly detected in slaughterhouse wastewater. These analytes were also observed in a river receiving slaughterhouse wastewater, with a highest level of up to 0.2 μg/L. 相似文献
10.
《Analytical letters》2012,45(8):1397-1408
Abstract A simple and rapid gas chromatographic procedure is described for the identification and quantification of pollutants in the nitrobenzene manufacturing plant wastewater. The samples were extracted with methylene chloride and subsequently nitrobenzene and 2,4-dinitrophenol were analysed by GC using FID. The method was found to be precise and accurate and applicable for monitoring the effluent treatment system at ppm levels. 相似文献