LnZr(BO_3)_2∶Eu~(3+)(Ln=Ba,Sr)的真空紫外光谱特性的研究

采用高温固相法合成了Ba(1-x)SrxZr(BO3)2∶Eu3 系列样品,样品Ba(1-x)SrxZr(BO3)2∶Eu3 激发谱在130~170 nm和230 nm区域有两个很强的吸收带,位于130~170 nm的吸收带主要是硼酸盐基质的吸收;位于230 nm附近的吸收主要是Eu3 电荷转移态的吸收。当在样品中以Al部分取代Zr时,电荷转移态的吸收明显增强,并且Ba(1-x)SrxZr(BO3)2∶Eu3 发射强度也会明显增强;随着x的增大,硼酸盐基质的吸收强度减弱,基质吸收带的主峰值向低能方向移动了大约30 nm。样品Ba(1-x)SrxZr(BO3)2∶Eu3 在147nm激发下,发射出主峰值位于616 nm的强红光,对应Eu3 电偶极(5D0→7F2)跃迁发射。     

Excitation energy transfer between photosystems in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803

In cyanobacteria, the light-harvesting complex phycobilisomes (PBS) can transfer the harvested energy to photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) and from PSII to PSI. The efficiency of energy transfer from PBS to PSII or PSI, as probed by the ratio of the fluorescence yield of PBS to that of PSII or PSI, was similar in static and aerated cultures of a cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. In contrast, the fluorescence yield for PSII was notably high while that for PSI was remarkably low in static cultures when compared to that in aerated cultures. Additionally, the level of the efficiency of excitation energy capture by open PSII reaction center was markedly decreased in static cultures in comparison to that in aerated cultures. Thus, the energy transfer from PSII to PSI, but not from PBS to PSII and PSI, was inhibited in static cultures and was most likely caused by the reduction of PSII activity.     

Sr_3Gd(PO_4)_3∶Tm~(3 )的真空紫外光谱特性

研究了Sr3Gd(PO4)3∶Tm3 和GdPO4∶Tm3 样品的结构特性、光谱特性。GdPO4∶Tm3 为单斜晶系,基质掺入铥离子后结构没有明显变化。GdPO4∶Tm3 在164和210nm附近有强烈的吸收峰。位于164nm附近的强烈的吸收峰是归因于基质的吸收引起,210nm附近的吸收峰则归因于Gd3 的8S7/2—6GJ的能级跃迁。在164nm真空紫外光激发下,样品于453及363nm处有较强的发射峰,发射主峰位于453nm,属于Tm3 的1D2→3H4(22,123cm-1)跃迁的典型发射。由于阳离子质量的不同,Sr3Gd(PO4)3∶Tm3 在166nm附近的激发峰高于GdPO4∶Tm3 的同位置的激发峰,其在363nm处的发射有明显减弱,而在453nm处的蓝色发射有显著的增强。     

Characterization of the VUV excitation spectrum of BaZr(BO3)2:Eu

The excitation spectra of M (M=Si⁴⁺, Ti⁴⁺) and Eu³⁺ co-doped BaZr(BO₃)₂, BaZrO₃:Eu and La₂Zr₂O₇:Eu in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) regions of 110-300 nm are investigated and the host-lattice absorption are characterized. The result indicated that BaZr(BO₃)₂:Eu³⁺ phosphor has a strong absorption under the VUV excitation, and in the host-lattice excitation, the strong band at 130-160 nm could be due to the BO₃ atomic groups; the band at 160-180 nm is related to the excitation of Ba-O; 180-200 nm corresponds to the charge transfer (CT) transition of Zr-O. The band at 200-235 nm due to the CT band of Eu³⁺-O²⁻ and a bond valence study explained the observed weak CT band of Eu³⁺-O²⁻ in the excitation spectra of BaZr(BO₃)₂:Eu³⁺. The emission results show that Si⁴⁺ can sensitize luminescence in the host of BaZr(BO₃)₂:Eu but Ti⁴⁺ has no improvement effect on luminescence.     

The use of average natural orbitals for configuration interaction calculations on the Boron Hydride molecule

The use of average natural orbitals is compared to some better known methods of performing limited and restricted CI calculations. It is found that a moderately extensive restricted valence shell CI computation using a subset of these orbitals is an efficient and accurate method for the calculation of state wavefunctions. Total and electronic excitation energies have been calculated for the BH molecule.Taken in part from a Ph. D. thesis submitted to the University of Toronto in 1971.     

血液激发荧光强度分析及应用

文章采用荧光分析技术, 对血液激发荧光强度进行研究。给出了有关理论分析, 并给出了正常血样与异常血样(高血糖、高胆固醇)对比实验结果。研究发现：血液中血糖的浓度影响血液的激发荧光,其大致趋势是：在相同波长的激发光激发下,随着血糖浓度的提高,血液的激发荧光强度也逐渐增强, 显然,血液中的血糖也是一种荧光物质,其浓度对血液的荧光强度的影响与理论分析相一致,这表明所得的实验结果是合理的,同时还表明了可以通过比较血液的激发荧光强度来区分血液中血糖浓度的高低;研究还发现：胆固醇含量越高,所得的荧光强度也越强。因此,根据血清的荧光强度可以知道血清中胆固醇含量的高低,尤其是当使用波长位于435 nm附近的激发光时,结果非常明显。文章提出的血液激发荧光强度分析技术,为血样快速检测及疾病诊断提供了新的途径。     

Nonlinear excitations and ＂peakons＂ of a （2＋1）-dimensional generalized Broer-Kaup system

Shallow water waves and a host of long wave phenomena are commonly investigated by various models of nonlinear evolution equations. Examples include the Korteweg–de Vries, the Camassa–Holm, and the Whitham–Broer–Kaup (WBK) equations. Here a generalized WBK system is studied via the multi-linear variable separation approach. A special class of wave profiles with discontinuous derivatives (“peakons”) is developed. Peakons of various features, e.g. periodic, pulsating or fractal, are investigated and interactions of such entities are studied. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10475055, 10547124 and 90503006), and the Hong Kong Research Grant Council Contract HKU 7123/05E.     

Detecting the Anomalous Quantum Hall phase under magnetic field

Detecting the charming topological phase has been an ongoing topic. In this work, we take the square lattice as an example and try to detect the anomalous quantum Hall (AQH) phase under magnetic field. We analyze the topological energy levels of the system, the quantum Hall effect and quantum valley Hall effect, and the number of scattered electrons after a laser pulse, from which the unambiguous signals to characterize the AQH phases can be obtained. Meanwhile the corresponding valley polarizations of electrons are investigated. Our study opens new perspectives for the applications of valleytronics in the future.     

一种溶解氧敏感膜荧光发射效率光谱检测系统的研制

荧光猝灭法是快速测量污水、地表水以及渔业养殖水环境中溶解氧含量的先进技术之一,氧敏感膜是荧光猝灭法检测技术的核心,高荧光发射效率的氧敏感膜具有灵敏度高、特异性强、信噪比高的优点,检测结果更为准确。高效率是优选氧敏感膜的依据,也是溶解氧检测元器件、检测电路和检测光路优化设计的关键。现有溶解氧荧光检测装置中未有对氧敏感膜进行质量评估的标准方法,基于对已有传感器探头光路和电路的研究,该研究分析了全波段的荧光发射效率,选用大功率氙灯作为激发光源,基于连续单波长逐级扫描进行单色分光,构建了氧敏感膜的激发光-荧光光谱扫描装置,然后通过扫描测定氧敏感膜的激发光光谱和荧光光谱,提出并建立了荧光发射效率计算方法,提出的方法能客观地评估荧光发射能力,准确寻找最佳激发波长。为验证该方法的可行性,对来自国内外的多个氧敏感膜样品进行了实验测定,测试结果表明：单张氧敏感膜荧光发射效率随波长变化,呈多峰分布,同一型号的样品荧光效率曲线相似,但荧光发射效率差异较大,同一激发波长下荧光发射效率最大者较最小者高出14.5%,三张氧敏感膜的最大峰值波长均不同,分别为：401,543和435 nm,但发射峰值波长均为650 nm;不同型号的氧敏感膜相比较,最大荧光发射效率可相差1～2个数量级;实测传感器中使用的激发波长,其所选用的激发波长并非最大发射峰值波长,其荧光发射效率仅为最大荧光发射效率的1/2,表明传感器光源可以进一步优化选型。综上所述,本文建立了一种溶解氧敏感膜荧光发射效率检测系统,提出了以荧光发射效率评估氧敏感膜的方法,并开展了相关实验测定。本文工作可望用于新型氧敏感膜材料、工艺的研究及传感器优化设计与制造。     

Plasmonic effect of nanoshelled nanocavity on encapsulated emitter's spontaneous emission

The plasmonic enhancement of nanoshelled nanocavity (a silica core coated by Ag or Au shell) on the spontaneous emission of an encapsulated emitter (a molecule or quantum dot) is studied systematically by analyzing the excitation rate and the apparent quantum yield together. By averaging all possible locations and orientations of the emitter, the average enhancement factor (AEF) of the emitter randomly located in the core is calculated. Our results show that the AEF is weaker than that of the emitter located at the core center. In addition, Ag nanoshell (NS) is a narrowband enhancer. As the thickness of the shell becomes thinner, the surface plasmon resonance of NS is red-shifted and the peak of AEF increases. The specificity of Ag NS for enhancing a specific spontaneous emission is higher than Au NS. In addition, Ag NS with a smaller core has a larger AEF, while Au NS has an optimal radius of core (30 nm) to obtain the maximum AEF. Moreover, the AEF is reduced, as the Stokes shift increases.