Novel polyfluorinated polyimides derived from α,α-bis(4-amino-3,5-difluorophenyl)phenylmethane and aromatic dianhydrides: Synthesis and characterization

A novel aromatic diamine containing bulky lateral phenyl unit and fluorine groups ortho-substituted to the amino groups in the structure, α,α-bis(4-amino-3,5-difluorophenyl)phenylmethane (4FMA) was synthesized and characterized. 4FMA was polymerized with four aromatic dianhydrides to afford a series of polyimides (PIs) via a one-step high-temperature polycondensation procedure. All the PIs were amorphous and showed good solubility not only in polar aprotic solvents, but in many common solvents, such as cyclopentanone and tetrahydrofuran. The soluble polymers formed flexible, tough and transparent films. The films had a tensile strength, elongation at break, and tensile modulus in the ranges 85-107 MPa, 4-7%, 1.7-2.8 GPa, respectively. The polyimides also exhibited high-T_g (292-338 °C), good thermal stability, good dielectric strength, low dielectric constants, and low water uptakes due to the introduction of the polyfluorinated substituents in the polymer backbone. As expected, the PI films showed good transparency in the UV-Vis light region with cutoff wavelength as low as 318 nm and transmittance higher than 60% at 450 nm. PI-4 derived from 4FMA and fluorinated dianhydride 6FDA exhibited low light-absorption in the near-infrared region, especially at the optocommunication wavelength of 1310 nm and 1550 nm. The remarkable combined properties indicate their potential applications in microelectronic and optoelectronic fabrications.     

Transparent h-BN/polyacrylamide nanocomposite hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties

In this study, a facile way has been proposed to prepare transparent, tough and flexible polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels which is composed of a dually crosslinked single network by chemical crosslinking of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and physical crosslinking of hydrophilic hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanosheets. The resulting h-BN/PAM nanocomposite hydrogels are highly transparent, and exhibit significantly enhanced mechanical properties compared to the dark (GO)/PAM nanocomposite hydrogels or chemical crosslinking PAM hydrogels. Thus it opens up new opportunities for developing nextgeneration transparent, tough and flexible hydrogels that hold great promise in such important applications as light responsive soft robot and liquid microlenses.     

Green-emissive transparent BaSi2O5:Eu film phosphor on quartz glass created by a sputtering thermal diffusion process

Eu²⁺-doped BaSi₂O₅ film phosphors on quartz substrates are fabricated by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering thermal diffusion. The BaSi₂O₅: Eu²⁺ phosphor crystals have some preferred orientations that are lattice-spacing matched with the crystallized β- SiO₂ crystals, and they show pore and grain boundary-free morphology with a rod-like shape fused into the crystallized β- SiO₂ crystals. The BaSi₂O₅: Eu²⁺ film phosphor has a high transparency, with a transmittance of about 30% in visible light. The BaSi₂O₅: Eu²⁺ film phosphor shows 510 nm green emission from the f–d transition of the Eu²⁺ ions, and in particular the best sample shows a green photoluminescence brightness of about 5% of a BaSi₂O₅: Eu²⁺ powder phosphor screen. These excellences in optical properties can be explained by less optical scattering at pores or grain boundaries, and less reflection at the continuously index-changed interface.     

一种高活性透明液相NaY沸石导向剂的制备及性能研究

制备了一种摩尔组成为17Na2O:1Al2O3,:17SiO2:300～380H2O的透明液相导向剂.并以天然高岭土为原料,硅溶胶为补加硅源与该导向剂组成反应混合物原位水热合成高硅NaY分子筛.分析了导向剂的结构与作用机理,详细考察了导向剂老化时间、老化温度及其加入量对导向剂的活性与合成产物性能的影响.发现只有在导向剂存在时才能合成出NaY沸石.当导向剂透光率高于80%,呈现透明的溶胶状态,才是导向剂的活性期.采用XRD、IR、SEM、N2静态容量吸附法对结晶产物的晶体结构、骨架振动信息、外观形貌、比表面以及孔分布进行了表征.结果显示,该导向剂具有较好的导向活性,在老化时间为20.5 h,加入量为10%时,原位合成出了结晶度较高、无杂晶的高硅NaY分子筛.所得分子筛的硅铝比大于5.0,比表面为771 m2/g、孔径集中在0.51 nm.     

Open tubular layer of S‐ofloxacin imprinted polymer fabricated in silica capillary for chiral CEC separation

An open tubular molecule imprinted polymer (OT‐MIP) capillary column has been prepared for chiral separation of ofloxacin enantiomers in CEC. The S‐ofloxacin imprinted OT column was fabricated by thermally initiated non‐covalent polymerization procedure inside a pretreated and silanized fused silica capillary. The template molecule was incorporated with methacrylic acid (MAA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) and 4‐styrenesulfonic acid (4‐SSA) and dissolved in a porogen mixture of ACN/2‐propanol (9:1). The separation efficiency of the 4‐SSA MIP column was found quite better than that of the MIP column without 4‐SSA. It has been demonstrated that our OT‐MIP column can separate ofloxacin enantiomers with excellent chiral separation efficiency after tuning the various chromatographic conditions. The optimized chromatographic eluent was 85:15, v/v%, ACN/60 mM sodium acetate at pH 7. The separation efficiency and selectivity of chiral separation of this study were far better than those obtained by previous methods for chiral separation of R‐ and S‐ofloxacin.     

掺杂稀土离子晶体中的电磁感应光透明现象

对在掺杂稀土离子晶体中实现电磁感应光透明进行了实验研究。首先,以Er3＋∶YAG晶体为样品,用旋转波近似下的密度矩阵方程理论计算了探测场的吸收特性随Er3＋离子浓度的变化规律,结果表明：在探测场失谐Δp=0时,形成了一个对于探测光透明的窗口,从而在理论上论证了在掺杂稀土离子晶体中实现电磁感应光透明效应的可行性。设计了一个以Pr3＋∶Y2SiO5晶体为样品的实验激发方案,吸收光谱显示,当温度为6 K时其在共振吸收峰处可形成一个完全透明的窗口,实现了在掺杂离子晶体中的电磁感应光透明。实验还分析了工作温度、耦合场失谐对探测光透过率的影响,结果显示：当样品温度上升到15 K时,透明窗口消失;耦合场的失谐量越大,透射率越小。     

Maps of manifolds into the plane which lift to standard embeddings in codimension two

Let be a smooth map of a closed n-dimensional manifold (n2) into the plane and let be an orthogonal projection. We say that f has the standard lifting property, if every embedding with is standard in a certain sense. In this paper we give some sufficient conditions for a generic smooth map f to have the standard lifting property when M is a closed surface or an n-dimensional homotopy sphere.     

Essential extensions, excellent extensions and finitely presented dimension

In Section 1 of this paper, we investigate the finitely presented dimension of an essential extension for a module, and obtain results concerning an essential extension of a torsion-free module. We partially answer the question: When is an essential extension of a finitely presented module (an almost finitely presented module) also finitely presented (almost finitely presented)? In Section 2, we study theC-excellent extensions and the finitely presented dimensions. We obtain some results on the homological dimensions of matrix rings and group rings.     

环的（几乎）优越扩张

设环S是环R的优越扩张．本文证明了如一环是右IF-环；则另一环亦是，同时还得出了一个S是SF-环是正则的充要条件．     

Transparent and anhydrous proton conductors based on PVA/imidazole/NH4H2PO4 composites

A new anhydrous proton conducting membrane for solid-state electrochromic device (ECD) based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), imidazole (Imi), and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH₄H₂PO₄) was prepared. The structure of PVA/Imi/NH₄H₂PO₄ composite membrane was studied by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The transmittance of the membrane always decreases with increasing content of the imidazolium. Compared with the PVA/NH₄H₂PO₄ membrane, the addition of proper amount of Imi can enhance the proton conductivity to a certain extent. At low PVA content, equal molar ratio of Imi and NH₄H₂PO₄ is favorable for high proton conductivity, while higher molar ratio of Imi and NH₄H₂PO₄ is beneficial at high PVA content.