氧，硼，磷掺杂对氢化非晶硅中饵1.54um发光的作用

利用等离子体增强化学气相淀积（PECVD）技术生长氧、硼、磷掺杂的氢化非晶硅薄膜。在室温下注入饵离子后研究三种掺杂元素对饵离子发光的作用。室温下观察到很强的光致发光现象。氧的引入并且和饵离子形成发光中心，提高了饵离子的发光强度。退火实验表明氧、硼、磷的掺杂补偿了材料中的缺陷，提高了氢的逃逸温度，改善的热稳性，使材料的退火温度因掺杂元素的加入而提高，饵的发光得到增强。讨论了饵离子的发光机制。     

Ce3+掺杂SiO2-Al2O3-Gd2O3玻璃的闪烁性能

通常, Ce离子掺杂的低密度玻璃有较高的发光效率, 而高密度的Ce离子掺杂玻璃其发光效率很低. 为了解释这一现象, 采用高温熔融法获得了SiO₂-Al₂O₃-Gd₂O₃三元系统的玻璃形成区, 并在还原气氛下制备了Ce³⁺掺杂SiO₂-Al₂O₃-Gd₂O₃以及SiO₂-Al₂O₃-Gd₂O₃-Ln₂O₃ (Ln=Y, La, Lu)闪烁玻璃, 研究了其光谱和闪烁性能. 测试结果显示: 随着Gd₂O₃含量增加, 玻璃紫外截止波长发生红移, 荧光强度降低, 衰减时间缩短; 加入Lu₂O₃, La₂O₃, Y₂O₃后, 紫外截止波长发生红移, 荧光强度降低, 衰减时间变短; 当Gd₂O₃超过10% mol时, X射线荧光积分光产额从相当于锗酸铋 晶体的61%降低到13%. 荧光强度降低、衰减时间缩短的原因是随着玻璃的紫外截止波长红移玻璃的能带宽度变窄, 使得Ce³⁺离子的d电子轨道开始接近玻璃的导带, Ce³⁺离子受辐射后跃迁到d电子轨道的电子会通过导带与玻璃中的空穴复合, 产生电荷迁移猝灭效应.     

稀土离子(Eu3+,Tb3+,Ce3+)掺杂ZnAl2O4/SiO2微晶玻璃的制备与发光性能

采用凝胶法分别制备出4.5ZnO-5.5Al2 O3-90SiO2 (ZAS)以及ZAS∶ RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb,Ce)透明微晶玻璃.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和荧光光谱仪(PL)等测试手段,研究了稀土离子掺杂浓度对ZAS微晶玻璃的结构和发光性能的影响.XRD结果表明,ZAS∶ RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb,Ce)微晶玻璃包含ZnAl2 O4晶相和SiO2非晶相,ZnAl2 O4平均晶粒尺寸约为30 nm,稀土离子的掺杂没有显著改变原来的ZnAl2O4晶体结构.TEM结果表明,900℃时ZnAl2O4从ZAS体系中析出.PL光谱显示,Eu3+存在5 D0→7F2跃迁,ZAS∶Eu3+在611 nm处发出强烈的红色光;由于Tb3+的5D4→7E跃迁,ZAS∶ Tb3+在541 nm处发出明亮的绿色光;ZAS∶ Ce3+在381 nm处显示了蓝光发射,对应于Ce3的5d→4f轨道跃迁.ZAS∶RE3+(RE =Eu,Tb,Ce)的PL发射光谱存在着浓度猝灭现象,Eu3+、Tb3+和Ce3+的最佳单掺杂摩尔分数分别为20％、20％和3％.CIE色度图表明,ZAS∶ RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb,Ce)的色坐标分别位于红光、绿光和蓝光区域.实验结果表明,ZAS∶RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb,Ce)微晶玻璃是一种良好的可用于全色显示的白光LED材料.     

疏水基团修饰的核-壳型NaYF_4/NaLuF_4∶Yb~(3+),Tm~(3+)纳米粒子设计制备

通过异质核诱导,利用溶剂热法在较低温度下合成了具有疏水表面的上转换发光稀土核-壳Na YF4/Na Lu F4∶20%Yb,1%Tm纳米粒子,并利用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱仪以及荧光光谱仪等测试设备对其进行了结构、形貌和上转换光谱的表征。测试结果表明,纳米粒子核为立方相,壳层为六角相。核-壳型纳米粒子的尺寸平均在20 nm以下,分布较为均匀。在980 nm近红外光激发下,核-壳型纳米粒子发射出较强的紫色和紫外荧光,且发光强度明显高于同尺寸立方相Na Lu F4∶20%Yb,1%Tm纳米粒子。这表明利用异质核诱导的方法制备的核-壳型纳米粒子在生物医学领域具有更高的应用价值。     

Er~(3+)/Yb~(3+)共掺杂氧氟硼硅酸盐微晶玻璃绿色上转换发光的温度特性

采用高温熔融法和热处理工艺制备得到透明的Er3+/Yb3+共掺杂氧氟微晶玻璃。XRD结果证实析出的纳米晶相为Ba YF5。在980 nm激发下,观察到强的绿光发射,源于Er3+的2H11/2→4I15/2和4S3/2→4I15/2跃迁的上转换发光。根据荧光强度比(FIR)的方法研究了微晶玻璃上转换荧光的温度传感特性,其最大灵敏度在523 K时为0.003 4 K-1,表明Er3+/Yb3+共掺氧氟硼硅酸盐微晶玻璃上转换发光在高精度温度传感器方面具有一定的应用前景。     

Tuning of the open‐circuit voltage by wide band‐gap absorber and doped layers in thin film silicon solar cells

We present an experimental study combined with computer simulations on the effects of wide band‐gap absorber and window layers on the open‐circuit voltage (V_oc) in single junction thin film silicon solar cells. The quantity ΔE_p, taking as the difference between the band gap and the activation energy in ?p? layer, is treated as a measure of the p‐layer properties and shows a linear relation with V_oc over a range of 100 mV with a positive slope of around 430 mV/eV. Two limiting mechanisms of V_oc are identified: the built‐in potential at lower ΔE_p and the band gap of the absorber layer at higher ΔE_p. The results of the experimental findings are confirmed by computer simulations. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Sm-Co共掺杂锶铁氧体的固相制备与磁防蜡性能

以硝酸锶、硝酸铁、硝酸钐、硝酸钴为原料,采用低热固相法制备出前驱体,经灼烧后得到最终产物,使用XRD、EDX、SEM对其表征,表明产物为Sm-Co共掺杂的Sr1-xSmxCoxFe12-xO19(x=0~0.5)锶铁氧体;并发现所制产物具有单一的六方相晶体结构,粒子尺寸在40~100 nm,随着Sm-Co掺杂量的增大,晶粒尺寸逐渐减小。经VSM测试:产物的磁性能(Ms,Mr,Hc)随Sm-Co的共掺杂量的增加(0~0.5),先增大后减小,在x=0.1时表现为最大值(Ms=64.32 A·m2·kg-1、Mr=36.17 A·m2·kg-1、Hc=417.45 k A·m-1)。将制得的共掺杂锶铁氧体磁粉,添加到醇酸清漆中形成防蜡涂层,通过拉伸强度测试、涂层防蜡率实验、以及晶相显微表征,发现该涂层随磁粉用量增加,抗拉强度提高;同时随磁粉磁性的增强,涂层的防蜡效果增加,在磁粉用量为2%时,涂层磁性最大,防蜡率也达到最大值77.3%。     

制备方法对复合氧化物Bi_2WO_6-ZrO_2-TiO_2光催化性能的影响

采用一积沉淀法和两积沉淀法分别制备了Bi2WO6-ZrO2-TiO2复合催化剂。利用X射线衍射(XRD),N2吸附(BET),傅里叶变换(FT-IR)光谱技术,X光电子能谱(XPS),紫外-可见(UV-Vis)漫反射光谱等分析技术对样品进行了表征。结果显示,两积沉淀法的Bi、W离子存在于催化剂表面,而一积沉淀法是进入催化剂晶格。利用气相苯进行催化剂的紫外和可见光活性实验,结果表明,两积沉淀法制备的复合催化剂活性最高。     

Fast Determination of Ciprofloxacin by Batch Injection Analysis with Amperometric Detection and Capillary Electrophoresis with Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection

We report fast, precise, selective, and sensitive electroanalytical methods for the determination of ciprofloxacin in milk and pharmaceutical samples by batch‐injection analysis with amperometric detection (BIA‐AMP) and by capillary electrophoresis with capacitively‐coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE‐C⁴D). Both methods required simple sample preparation protocols before analysis (milk samples were just diluted and tablets powdered and dissolved in electrolyte/water). The analytical features of BIA‐AMP and CE‐C⁴D methods include, respectively, low relative standard deviation values for repetitive measurements (2.8 % and 1.7 %, n=10), low detection limits (0.3 and 5.0 µmol L^?1), elevated analytical frequency (80 and 120 h^?1) and satisfactory accuracy (based on comparative determinations by HPLC and recovery values for spiked samples).     

A Novel Electrochemical Sensor for β2‐Agonists with High Sensitivity and Selectivity Based on Surface Molecularly Imprinted Sol‐gel Doped with Antimony‐Doped Tin Oxide

A novel strategy to improve the sensitivity of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) sensors was proposed for the determination of β₂‐agonists. The imprinted sol‐gel film was prepared by mixing silica sol with a functional monomer of antimony‐doped tin oxide (ATO) and a template of β₂‐agonists. ATO, which was embedded in the surface of the molecularly imprinted sol‐gel film, not only provides the excellent conductivity for biosensor but also increases the stability and the surface area of the MIP film. The imprinted sensor was characterised by field emission scanning electron microscope, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the peak current was linear with the logarithm of the concentration of clenbuterol (CLB) in the range of 5.5 nM–6.3 µM, and a detection limit of 1.7 nM was obtained. Meanwhile, the electrochemical sensor showed excellent specific recognition of the template molecule among structurally similar coexisting substances. Furthermore, the proposed sensor was satisfactorily applied to determine β₂‐agonists in human serum samples. The good results indicated that highly effective molecularly imprinted sol‐gel films doped with ATO can be employed for other analytes.