Supported bimetallic catalyst Pt-Pb/SiO2 for selective conversion of nitrobenzene to p-aminophenol in pressurized CO2/H2O system

Various supported Pt-Pb bimetallic catalysts were prepared and applied for the catalytic conversion of nitrobenzene to p-aminophenol in the environmentally benign pressurized CO_2/H_2O system.Among the bimetallic catalysts prepared,Pt-Pb/SiO_2 is the best and nitrobenzene could be converted to paminophenol with a selectivity as high as 82% when the reaction was carried out using this catalyst at110 ℃ under 5 MPa CO_2 and 0.2 MPa H_2.     

环状硅酸盐图的友好指数集

Let G be a graph with vertex set V(G) and edge set E(G). A labeling f : V(G) →Z2 induces an edge labeling f*: E(G) → Z2 defined by f*(xy) = f(x) + f(y), for each edge xy ∈ E(G). For i ∈ Z2, let vf(i) = |{v ∈ V(G) : f(v) = i}| and ef(i) = |{e ∈ E(G) : f*(e) =i}|. A labeling f of a graph G is said to be friendly if |vf(0)- vf(1)| ≤ 1. The friendly index set of the graph G, denoted FI(G), is defined as {|ef(0)- ef(1)|: the vertex labeling f is friendly}. This is a generalization of graph cordiality. We investigate the friendly index sets of cyclic silicates CS(n, m).     

含硼和氮的脂肪酸水基润滑添加剂的制备及其摩擦学性能

通过在脂肪酸分子中引入硼和氮，合成了新型水基润滑添加剂(BNR)，用红外光谱仪对其主要官能团进行了鉴定，用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了合成产物在水中的抗磨和极压性能，用X射线光电子能谱仪分析了钢球磨损表面典型元素的化学状态，并探讨了该类添加剂的极压抗磨作用机理．结果表明：含硼和氮的水基润滑添加剂具有优良的抗磨和减摩性能；由于长链脂肪酸分子的载体作用、硼的缺电子性、氮的高反应活性以及三者的协同作用，添加剂在钢球磨损表面形成了高强度的吸附膜和(或)摩擦化学反应膜，从而表现出良好的抗磨和极压作用．     

Completing orientations of partially oriented graphs

We initiate a general study of what we call orientation completion problems. For a fixed class of oriented graphs, the orientation completion problem asks whether a given partially oriented graph P can be completed to an oriented graph in by orienting the (nonoriented) edges in P. Orientation completion problems commonly generalize several existing problems including recognition of certain classes of graphs and digraphs as well as extending representations of certain geometrically representable graphs. We study orientation completion problems for various classes of oriented graphs, including k‐arc‐strong oriented graphs, k‐strong oriented graphs, quasi‐transitive‐oriented graphs, local tournaments, acyclic local tournaments, locally transitive tournaments, locally transitive local tournaments, in‐tournaments, and oriented graphs that have directed cycle factors. We show that the orientation completion problem for each of these classes is either polynomial time solvable or NP‐complete. We also show that some of the NP‐complete problems become polynomial time solvable when the input‐oriented graphs satisfy certain extra conditions. Our results imply that the representation extension problems for proper interval graphs and for proper circular arc graphs are polynomial time solvable. The latter generalizes a previous result.     

Advances in Asymmetric Wettable Janus Materials for Oil–Water Separation

The frequent occurrence of crude oil spills and the indiscriminate discharge of oily wastewater have caused serious environmental pollution. The existing separation methods have some defects and are not suitable for complex oil–water emulsions. Therefore, the efficient separation of complex oil–water emulsions has been of great interest to researchers. Asymmetric wettable Janus materials, which can efficiently separate complex oil–water emulsions, have attracted widespread attention. This comprehensive review systematically summarizes the research progress of asymmetric wettable Janus materials for oil–water separation in the last decade, and introduces, in detail, the preparation methods of them. Specifically, the latest research results of two-dimensional Janus materials, three-dimensional Janus materials, smart responsive Janus materials, and environmentally friendly Janus materials for oil–water separation are elaborated. Finally, ongoing challenges and outlook for the future research of asymmetric wettable Janus materials are presented.     

A 4-aminonaphthalimide based environmentally sensitive fluorescence probe

A simply synthesized 4-aminonaphthalimide derivative 1 expresses both polarity and viscosity sensitive fluorescence spectra, indicating its potential usage as an environmentally sensitive fluorescence probe. By comparing the fluorescence behavior of 1 with that of a known 4-aminonaphthalimide derivative 2, it was found that the substitution of the 4-amino group has profound influence on the environmentally sensitive fluorescence properties of 4-aminonaphthalimide.     

ZnCl2/粘土-SA01催化剂上二苯甲烷的合成

在环境友好ZnCl2/粘土-SA01催化剂上合成了二苯甲烷,较系统地考察了负载量、苯/苄基氯摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间对该傅克反应的影响,并与催化剂的表面性质关联.实验结果表明,该催化剂具有良好的催化活性和稳定性并易于回收重复使用.     

用环境友好催化剂H-β沸石制备紫罗兰酮

用环境友好催化剂Ｈ－β沸石催化假性紫罗兰酮环化制备紫罗兰酮。考察了催化剂的用量、反应温度和时间对反应的影响,并测定了假性紫罗兰酮环化反应的速率常数和活化能（３６．４ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ）．Ｈ－β沸石能被回收、再生和重复使用,且与用新鲜Ｈ－β沸石时几乎有相同的紫罗兰酮产率。     

Lithium heptadecafluorooctanesulfonate catalyzed Mannich-type and aza-Diels-Alder reactions in supercritical carbon dioxide

The Mannich-type reaction of imines with (1-methoxy-2-methylpropenyloxy)trimethylsilane and aza-Diels-Alder reaction of imines with Danishefsky's diene can be carried out in scCO₂ in the presence of lithium heptadecafluorooctanesulfonate which offer a way to synthesize β-amino carbonyl compounds and nitrogen-containing six-membered ring compounds under environmentally benign conditions.     

几种值得注意的有机原料清洁工艺技术

本文综述了基本有机原料生产中的几种清洁生产工艺。这些工艺, 或是显著提高目的产物的选择性, 从而不排放或少排放有害污染物; 或在生产过程中不用有害的或有污染的原料、催化剂和溶剂。文章也介绍了中国石油化工总公司在该领域的研究开发工作。