全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3332篇 |
免费 | 140篇 |
国内免费 | 42篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2905篇 |
晶体学 | 8篇 |
力学 | 57篇 |
综合类 | 10篇 |
数学 | 170篇 |
物理学 | 364篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 55篇 |
2022年 | 82篇 |
2021年 | 76篇 |
2020年 | 78篇 |
2019年 | 75篇 |
2018年 | 77篇 |
2017年 | 106篇 |
2016年 | 121篇 |
2015年 | 110篇 |
2014年 | 104篇 |
2013年 | 250篇 |
2012年 | 201篇 |
2011年 | 232篇 |
2010年 | 142篇 |
2009年 | 195篇 |
2008年 | 158篇 |
2007年 | 202篇 |
2006年 | 177篇 |
2005年 | 145篇 |
2004年 | 140篇 |
2003年 | 105篇 |
2002年 | 89篇 |
2001年 | 54篇 |
2000年 | 68篇 |
1999年 | 42篇 |
1998年 | 45篇 |
1997年 | 60篇 |
1996年 | 57篇 |
1995年 | 33篇 |
1994年 | 19篇 |
1993年 | 27篇 |
1992年 | 18篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 25篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有3514条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Summary A fully integrated chromatographic system was developed for the determination of leukotrienes in biological samples using
photodiode-array detection (PDAD), which eliminates time consuming manual sample handling steps. A special solid phase extraction,
(SPE) methodology for leucotriene metabolite stability was developed which increased the recoveries and eliminates the contamination
risk of biological samples. The inherent instability (autooxidation) of many of the leukotriene mediators, and the adsorption
effects onto exposed surfaces in vials and in the chromatographic system were found to be very important parameters to control
in order to circumvent high loss of sample analytes. By binding the cell supernatants to the functionalities of the SPE support
stabilised these mediators. Cell culture samples were eluted through a disposable C18 SPE column. The SPE columns were allowed to thaw and deposited in an automated sample handling unit (ASPEC XL). Desorption
of the analytes was followed by a second on-line SPE step, to eliminate remaining interfering matrix compounds. Typical recoveries
when stored at −70°C were in-between 55–97% except for (LTE4) which was found to be around 40% after 72 days of storage. Seven reversed-phase packings were studied. Selectivity factors,
as well as the separation efficiencies, were found to differ for the various C18 bonded silica stationary phases. This integrated on-line column liquid chromatographic system was applied to the determination
of leukotriene B4, leukotriene C4, leukotriene D4, leukotriene and E4 in human cell extracts using prostaglandin B2 as the internal standard. More than 1500 biological samples were analysed. Some validation data are presented for unattended
operations. 相似文献
82.
The potential of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) with UV-detection for the simultaneous determination of various selected pesticides in water samples was investigated. The developed method using solid-phase extraction showed high efficiency and good resolution with detection limits in the 0.2 to 0.5 ppm range. Comparison of several SPE cartridges demonstrates their suitability for the extraction of pesticides with different hydrophobicity achieving 5000-fold enrichment. The described method involving SPE procedure and MEKC separation enables the successful determination of a wide spectrum of pesticides in water in the range of maximum residue limits (MRLs). 相似文献
83.
Coupled-column liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection was applied to the determination of o-phenylphenol and bitertanol residues in orange and banana fruits. After extraction with a mixture of acetone, dichloromethane-petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate, an extract aliquot of 100 microL was injected directly without any additional clean-up into the chromatographic system using two reversed phase C18 coupled columns. The LC-LC approach allowed automated sample clean up of the vegetal extracts, leading to a simple and rapid analytical procedure, with limits of quantification between 0.01 and 0.05 mg kg(-1). Recovery experiments performed on orange and banana samples fortified at different concentrations (0.01 - 4 mg kg(-1)) gave average recoveries between 70 and 113% with relative standard deviations lower than 15%. The procedure developed was finally applied to orange and banana samples from different geographical locations and the results were confirmed by GC-MS. 相似文献
84.
Moreno-Cid A Yebra MC Cancela S Cespón RM 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2003,377(4):730-734
Iron was extracted on-line from solid meat samples by a simple and rapid continuous ultrasound-assisted extraction system (CUES). The CUES is connected to a flow injection manifold, which allows the on-line flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of iron. A Plakett–Burman design was used for the optimisation of the CUES. The method achieved a total sampling frequency of 11 samples per hour with a relative standard deviation for the complete procedure of 0.4%. The detection limit was 0.6 g g–1 (dry mass) for a sample amount of 30 mg. Accurate results were obtained by measuring the certified reference materials BCR-186 (pig kidney) and BCR-184 (bovine muscle). The analytical procedure was applied to different real meat samples with satisfactory results. 相似文献
85.
86.
G. Tamai H. Yoshida H. Imai T. Takashina K. Kotoo T. Fuwa Y. Tsuchioka H. Matsuura G. Kajiyama 《Chromatographia》1985,20(11):671-676
Summary New quinidine metabolites, including 10,11-dihydrodiol quinidine N-oxide, 10,11-dihydrodiol quinidine and their glucuronides, were found in human urine. A quinidine monitoring HPLC method including these metabolites, is proposed by the direct injection of body fluid samples onto the precolumn for deproteinization followed by reverse phase separation in the analytical column with a column switching technique. The recovery of spiked quinidine and its metabolites in plasma was quantitative (98–102%) with good reproducibility (C.V.: 1.6–4.0%). Several clinical samples such as whole blood and urine were analyzed by the present method. 相似文献
87.
88.
Biosensors for environmental pollutants and food contaminants 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Baeumner AJ 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2003,377(3):434-445
This review article provides an overview of the most recent literature on biosensors for environmental pollutants and food contaminants. Due to the large number of publications, only papers published between 2000 and January 2003 were considered. Also, while not all of the published literature could be reviewed here, over 200 references are cited to provide a good overview of research undertaken in the last two years. Older publications are covered by a number of earlier review articles. This article provides an introduction into the field including specific consideration of the application areas, describes the typical biosensor assay format used, and is subsequently structured according to the biorecognition elements used (i.e., nucleic acids, enzymes, whole cells, tissue and whole organisms, antibodies and receptors, and biomimetic materials). In addition, a section on microbiosensing systems is provided. Since only very few microbiosensors with applications in environmental and food systems have been published, enabling technology is also covered in this article.Abbreviations BOD biological oxygen demand - cfu colony forming units - DNP dinitrophenol - GFP green fluorescent protein - NASBA nucleic acid sequence-based amplification - PCR polymerase chain reaction - ppt parts per trillion - QCM quartz crystal microbalance - SPR surface plasmon resonance 相似文献
89.
Sample preparation in analysis of pharmaceuticals 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dragana Mutavdi Pavlovi Sandra Babi Alka J.M. Horvat Marija Katelan-Macan 《Trends in analytical chemistry : TRAC》2007,26(11):1062-1075
Sample preparation is a very important and essential step in environmental analysis. This article presents an overview of extraction methods for environmental samples, focusing especially on pharmaceuticals as there is great concern about them as pollutants. 相似文献
90.
倒数示波计时电位法在合金样品测定中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
应用倒数示波计时电位法,在含有吸附络合物的溶液中,采用桂汞电极作为极化电极,测定了Cu^2+、Ni^2+、Cd^2+、Pb^2+等几种金属离子的检测下限,并通过沿(dE/dt)-1 ̄E曲线上的峰高对合金样品进行定量分析,得到满意结果。实现了示波分析由常量到微量的飞跃。 相似文献