Radiation effects in the transient hot-wire technique

The transient hot-wire technique is widely used for absolute measurements of the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of fluids. It is well established that fluid radiation effects significantly influence these measurements, especially those for the thermal diffusivity. Corrections for radiation effects are based on the models developed and deviations of the measured data from the ideal line source model. In this paper, the effect of fluid radiation on the measurements of the thermal conductivity of n-pentane is presented. For comparison, the influence of thermal radiation effect on measurement of transparent fluids, such as argon is also shown. The difference between the influence of natural convection and thermal radiation is also demonstrated.     

n—InP在Fe^3＋／Fe^2＋溶液中光脉冲暂态行为（Ⅳ）

研究了波长、温度及表面处理对ｎ－ＩｎＰ光脉冲暂态行为的影响。结果表明，波长对时间常数无影响；随着温度升高，峰值下降，衰减变快。讨论了表面处理的影响，并对实验结果作了必要的解释。     

Investigation of the thermophysical properties of polymers by the temperature wave technique

The technique of temperature waves to measure the complex thermophysical characteristics of materials has been proposed. The relations for the moduli and arguments of these characteristics for the case of plane temperature waves have been calculated. The temperature dependences of the moduli and arguments of complex thermophysical characteristics of polyvinylacetate (PVAc) at different frequencies and also the temperature dependences of its vibrational and configurational heat capacities have been determined. It has been shown that the vibrational heat capacity of PVAc in the region of softening grows sharply and its configurational heat capacity goes through a peak. The segmental mobility has been found to affect the heat transfer in the polymer in an ambivalent way causing both a decrease and increase of thermal conductivity.

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Zusammenfassung Zur Bestimmung der komplexen thermophysischen Eigenschaften von Stoffen wurde eine Temperaturwellentechnik vorgeschlagen. Für den Fall zweidimensionaler Temperatur-wellen wurden die Verhältnisse von Moduli und Argumenten dieser Eigenschaften berechnet. Die Temperaturabhängigkeit von Moduli und Argumenten der komplexen thermophysischen Eigen-schaften von Polyvinylacetat (PVAc) bei verschiedenen Frequenzen und auch die Temperatur-abhängigkeit seiner Vibrations- und Konfigurations-Wärmekapazitäten wurden bestimmt. Es wurde gezeigt, daß die Vibrations-Wärmekapazität von PVAc im Erweichungsbereich scharf zunimmt und die Konfigurations-Wärmekapazität durch einen Peak geht. Man fand, daß die Segment-Mobilität den Wärmetransport im Polymer auf eine ambivalente Weise beeinflußt, in dem die Wärmeleit-fähigkeit entweder gesenkt oder angehoben wird.

     

Two-dimensional capillary gas chromatography without intermediate trapping. Electron capture detector quantitation of an amino alcohol (KABI 2128) in serum after trifluoroacetylation

A two- dimensional gas chromatograph based on the Deans switching principle is described. The unit comprises two separate ovens, each containing a fused silica capillary column. The columns are joined in a specially designed manifold permitting heart cuts to be performed without significant decrease in efficiency. The switching speed and the retention time stability of the system made it possible to perform heart cuts of only a few seconds' duration. The system has been used under isothermal conditions for the determination of an amino alcohol (KABI 2128) in the low ng/ml range after trifluoroacetylation and with electron capture detection. A much shorter clean-up procedure could be used in combination with the two-dimensional gas chromatograph as compared to a method using a single glass capillary column.     

On the factors affecting the enhanced resonance light scattering signals of the interactions between proteins and multiply negatively charged chromophores using water blue as an example

Electrostatic interactions of proteins, including bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA), γ-globulin (γ-IgG), α-chymotrypsin (Chy), lysozyme (Lys) and cellulase (Cel), with multiply negatively charged chromophores were investigated based on the measurements of the enhanced resonance light scattering (RLS) signals. Using triply negatively charged water blue (WB) as an example, the factors were discussed that affect the enhanced resonance light scattering signals of the interactions between proteins and the negatively charged chromophores. It was found that the enhanced RLS signals with the maximum light scattering peak at 346.0 nm in these interacting systems are strongly dependent on the isoelectric points of proteins and show adverse linear relationships with increasing ionic strength depending on the positive charges of the inorganic metal ions used to control the ionic strength of the medium, sufficiently disclosing that the electrostatic attraction performs an important role in the combination of proteins with WB. Linear responses were discovered between the enhanced RLS signals and the protein molecular weights (M_w), displaying the dimensions of scattered particles formed by proteins and WB make a key contribution to the RLS enhancements. An empirical equation is proposed which possibly displays the factors affecting the enhanced RLS signals of the interactions between proteins with negatively charged chromophores.     

The solvent venting injection technique in capillary supercritical fluid chromatography

A solvent venting technique for injection of volumes up to 1 μl on 50 μm i.d. SFC columns has been compared to direct injection methods. The peak broadening and peak splitting observed with direct injection have been examined and found to be related to the starting pressure, the column temperature, and the sample solvent, in addition to the sample volume. The solvent venting technique removed peak splitting and improved the column efficiency. With a proper selection of experimental conditions, the sample recovery was 100%. The major part of the solvent was eluted in 15–20 s. Several applications have been demonstrated.     

塑料成型工艺实习CAI课件的开发

针对当前学生实习面临的困难，以Authorware为开发工具，编制了塑料成型工艺实习CAI课件，整个软件图文并茂，图像，动画，解说，音乐相结合，形象地介绍了塑料各种成型工艺的主要原理，生产设备，工艺流程和相关产品，应用本软件学生可以进行模拟实习，该软件激发了学生学习的兴趣，提高了实习质量。     

Thermal behaviour of amorphous Li2ZrO3 prepared by sol-gel technique

The results of the investigations of thermal behaviour of Li₂ZrO₃, prepared in the amorphous state by means of sol-gel technique are demonstrated. The thermal treatment was carried out in air under constant heating rate of 5 deg·min^–1 and cooling rate of 2.5 deg·min^–1. The methods of DTA, TG, Emanation Thermal Analysis (ETA) and dilatometry were used, for characterization of the thermal behaviour in dynamic conditions. The X-ray diffraction patterns were used for characterization of the phase changes observed by TA Methods.

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Zusammenfassung Ergebnisse aus Untersuchungen des thermischen Verhaltens von Li₂ZrO₃, hergestellt mittels einer Sol-Gel-Technik im amorphen Zustand werden dargelegt. Die thermische Behandlung wurde in Luft bei einer konstanten Aufheizgeschwindigkeit von 5 Grad·min^–1 und einer Abkühlgeschwindigkeit von 2,5Grad·min^–1 durchgeführt. Zur Beschreibung des thermischen Verhaltens unter dynamischen Verhältnissen wurden DTA, TG, Emanationsthermoanalyse und Dilatometrie angewendet. Zur näheren Charakterisierung der bei TG beobachteten Phasenumwandlungen wurde Röntgendiffraktion verwendet.

     

利用LB技术以寡聚DNA为模板构建CdS纳米结构

利用Langmuir-Blodgett技术制备了十八胺（ODA）／十聚腺嘌呤（oligo-A10)单分子膜，并以其为模板制备了不同形状的Cds纳米结构，结果表明以在低膜压下转移的寡聚DNA单层为模板可诱导生成线形的Cds纳米结构，而以在主膜压下转换的寡聚DNA单层膜板得到的是Cds的球形结构聚集体。     

用峰鉴别技术反相高效液相色谱法测定火锅汤料中微量吗啡

本文报道了以峰鉴别技术为定性依据的测定火锅汤料中微量吗啡的反相高效液相色谱法。本法采用改良的Ｓｔａｓ－ｏｔｔｏ法分离提取复杂样品中的微量吗啡。由于采用峰鉴别技术，增加了定性参数，大大提高了定性方法的准确性。本法简便、快速。最低检出浓度为０．０４ｍｇ／Ｌ。在数十例样品分析中，与其它仪器分析结果比照，非常符合。