Synthetic utility of gem-dibromomethylarenes in organic synthesis

Gem-dibromomethylarenes are considered as one of the valuable building blocks in the synthetic field because of their broad range of synthetic applications. These synthons serve as useful intermediates in accessing a varied range of (hetero) aromatic frameworks that can act as vital scaffolds in agrochemicals, medicinal chemistry, material sciences, etc. The additional organic transformations that can be performed using these vital reagents highlights its significance in the area of organic synthesis. This review aims at displaying some discoveries and subsequent improvements of this vital intermediate as an important building block in organic transformations.     

芳香胺和酚溴化的新工艺

研究了在室温下,N-溴丁二酰亚胺对芳香胺和酚的溴化工艺,在CHCl3、EtOH或EtOH/CHCl3溶剂中,用等摩尔的N-溴丁二酰亚胺可将某些芳香胺和酚(考察了5种反应底物)选择性地一溴化,产率92%~98%,N-溴丁二酰亚胺和反应底物摩尔比为2∶1;某些芳香胺和酚被专一地二溴化(考察了5种反应底物),产率90%~97%。 反应无须催化剂,投料后室温搅拌,反应条件温和,产品只需过滤洗涤即可纯化,操作简便。     

Microwave-induced electrophilic addition of single-walled carbon nanotubes with alkylhalides

We report the microwave-induced electrophilic addition of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with alkylhalides using Lewis acid as a catalyst followed by hydrolysis. The reaction results in the attachment of alkyl and hydroxyl groups to the surface of the nanotubes. This rapid and high-energy microwave radiation is found to be highly efficient for this reaction, which only needs as low as several minutes. The resulting nanotubes were characterized with FTIR, UV-vis-NIR, Raman, TGA, TEM and AFM. It demonstrates that iodo-alkanes show higher reaction activity with SWNTs than chloro- and bromo-alkanes.     

一种基于Friedel-Crafts亲电取代反应的缩聚方法

研究了一种基于Friedel-Crafts亲电取代的新型缩聚反应,反应基团是氮原子的苯对位氢原子和芴醇上的羟基,氮原子的富电子效应活化了苯对位氢原子的亲电取代能力,同时芴醇(似三苯甲醇结构)是高活性的烷基化试剂,使得小分子亲电取代反应可扩展为高分子缩聚反应.探索了两种缩合途径,"A-A,B-B"型共缩聚和"A-B"型自缩聚.4,4′-双(苯基-对甲苯基氨基)联苯(TPD)与芴醇共缩聚,得到数均分子量为1·5×104～2·0×104的共聚物,而芴醇的自缩聚,可得到单分散、立体环状结构的3聚体.     

微波辐射下8-溴腺苷及其衍生物的绿色合成

以Br2为溴化试剂,水为溶剂,微波辐射5 min,合成了6种8-溴腺苷衍生物,收率76%~85%,其结构经1HNMR,HR-MS和元素分析表征。     

One-pot syntheses of α,α-dibromoacetophenones from aromatic alkenes with 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin

A novel method for the preparation of α,α-dibromoacetophenones from aromatic alkenes was reported. This procedure was mediated by 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, which served as bifunctional reagent, proceeding oxidation and bromination in one-pot.     

Low Temperature n-alkanes Bromination without Catalysts

It has been observed that Ba (BrF₄)₂ demonstrated a high reactivity towards normal alkanes from C₆H₁₄ to C₁₆H₃₄. It has been found that the reactions ran with intensive self-heating and release of elemental bromine. The GC-MS analysis showed that the main product of Ba (BrF₄)₂ interaction with each alkane was its 3-bromoderivative. The optimal interaction parameters have been found. The heat effects of the reaction have been determined by the isothermal calorimetric method, it has been found that the heat effect of the bromination increased with the increase of the length of carbon chain of alkane.     

5H-[1,2,4]三嗪并[5,6-b]吲哚-3-硫醇类化合物的简便合成

报道了以2-甲(乙)基苯胺1a,1b为原料经Sandmeyer反应得到7-甲(乙)基靛红2a,2b;再以环境友好的聚乙二醇-400为溶剂,N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)为绿色溴代试剂对2a,2b进行5位溴代,得到5-溴-7-甲(乙)基靛红3a,3b;2a,2b,3a,3b进一步氮烃基化得到1-烃基-7-甲(乙)基靛红4a~4j和1-烃基-5-溴-7-甲(乙)基靛红5a~5j.2a,2b,3a,3b,4a~4j,5a~5j分别与硫代氨基脲,在以二氧六环为溶剂,碳酸钾存在的条件下回流反应,简便地合成了24种5H-[1,2,4]三嗪并[5,6-b]吲哚-3-硫醇类杂环化合物6a~6x.大部分化合物未见文献报道,其结构经红外光谱、质谱、核磁氢谱(碳谱)和元素分析确认.     

Electrophilic trifluoromethylation of simple inorganic salts: a one step route to trifluoromethylnitromethane, CF3NO2

Trifluoromethylnitromethane is readily synthesized in high yield from the electrophilic trifluoromethylation of NaNO₂.     

The formation of oxygen-containing perfluorocyclohexadien-1-yliodine tetrafluorides

The electrophilic oxygenation of pentafluorophenyl iodo compounds C₆F₅IF_n with iodine in different valencies (n = 0, 2, 4) using XeF₂-H₂O in HF allowed access to new organoiodine(V) compounds, namely isomeric oxopentafluorocyclohexadien-1-yliodine tetrafluorides, C₆(O)F₅IF₄.