A magnetised foil as inclined π-flipper for time-of-flight neutron beams

A prototype instrument with an inclined ferromagnetic foil was built which was capable of π-flipping over a broad wavelength range of polarised thermal neutrons in a time-of-flight beam. It was found that, for a single foil, polarised neutrons could be flipped in a wavelength range of 0.2-0.5 nm with an efficiency of 93%. With improved mechanical setup this range probably can even be extended to 0.1-1.0 nm. Foil flippers can have some major advantages for polychromatic SESANS over resonance flippers, but the technical realisation with four foils in series will be challenging.     

Photoluminescence and EPR studies on gamma irradiated Ce doped potassium halide single crystals

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance(EPR), Photoluminescence(PL), Thermoluminescence (TL) and other optical studies of γ-irradiated KBr, KCl:Ce³⁺ single crystals. Cerium when doped into the KBr, KCl is found to enter the host lattice in its trivalent state and act as electron trap during γ-irradiation, thereby partially converting itself to Ce²⁺. The Photoluminescence(PL) spectra of both KCl and KBr crystals doped with Ce exhibit the strong blue emissions of Ce corresponding to ⁵d(²D)→²F_5/2 and ⁵d(²D)→²F_7/2 transitions. The defect centers formed in the Ce³⁺ doped KBr and KCl. Crystals are studied using the technique of EPR. A dominant TL glow peak at 374, 422 K and KCl:Ce³⁺ at 466, 475 K is observed in the crystal. EPR studies indicate the presence at two centers at room temperature. Spectral distribution under the thermoluminescence emission(TLE) and optically stimulated emission(OSL) support the idea that defect annihilation process to be due to thermal release of F electron in KBr, KCl:Ce³⁺ crystals. Both Ce³⁺ and Ce²⁺ emissions were observed in the thermoluminescence emission of the crystals.     

The comparative study in transport properties of furan, thiophene and selenophene dithiols in nano electronic

The electron transport properties of furan, thiophene and selenophene dithiols based molecular wires through two electrodic systems using non-equilibrium Green’s functions technique (NEGF) are investigated. The electron transport of the above systems is systematically studied by analysis of transmission function, density of states, current–voltage characteristics, and conductance of the systems. The maximum current is occurred at the vicinity of 2.0 V and the values are 90.37, 98.82 and 100.31 μA for furan, thiophene and selenophene dithiols, respectively. These results can be attributed to the molecular projected self consistent Hamiltonian (MPSH) of two electrodic systems with different molecules at different bias voltage and also to quality of resonance of π electrons of heterocyclic ring. We can foresee that the furan, thiophene, and selenophene dithiols can be applied at electronic devices because of switching the high and low current.     

类铜Au50+离子电子碰撞激发特性的研究

利用全相对论扭曲波（RDW）方法,系统计算了类铜Au50+离子的外壳层电子4s激发到4l 、5l （ l= s、p、d、f,除去4s-4s ）和内壳层电子3l （l = s、p、d）激发到4l 、5l （l = s、p、d、f）的碰撞激发截面,研究了在不同入射电子能量下截面的变化规律,给出了3d-4f 和3d-5f 精细结构能级的碰撞激发截面。部分计算结果与其它理论及最新实验结果进行了比较,取得了很好的一致性。     

The use of trehalose in the preparation of specimens for molecular electron microscopy

Biological specimens have to be prepared for imaging in the electron microscope in a way that preserves their native structure. Two-dimensional (2D) protein crystals to be analyzed by electron crystallography are best preserved by sugar embedding. One of the sugars often used to embed 2D crystals is trehalose, a disaccharide used by many organisms for protection against stress conditions. Sugars such as trehalose can also be added to negative staining solutions used to prepare proteins and macromolecular complexes for structural studies by single-particle electron microscopy (EM). In this review, we describe trehalose and its characteristics that make it so well suited for preparation of EM specimens and we review specimen preparation methods with a focus on the use of trehalose.     

二维磁光阱产生铯原子束的数值模拟

通过分析铯原子在σ+-σ-组态的圆偏振光照射下塞曼子能级的分布情况,构造铯原子在二维磁光阱(2D-MOT)中的受力模型,利用龙格-库塔方法求解铯原子的运动方程,实现原子束产生过程的三维模拟。得出原子束流量随小孔半径、铯原子蒸汽压、激光光强、激光失谐量、磁场梯度等的变化规律。与实验数据进行比较表明受力模型的正确性, 该方法能直观模拟原子束的产生,准确揭示原子束流量随各项参数的变化规律,为实验提供理论指导。     

基于正电子的反物质研究进展

正电子是最容易获得的反粒子,因而电子-正电子系统最适合研究普通物质与反物质的结合。本文结合最近实验上首次合成物质-反物质分子这个重大发现,介绍反物质(正电子)研究历史、现状及展望;重点讨论基于正电子的捕获、约束、积累等实验技术,以及物质-反物质分子——正电子素分子的合成方法。     

空心光束的产生及其在现代光学中的应用

近年来,随着激光应用技术的发展,各种中心强度为零的激光束被相继产生,并正在形成一个新颖的所谓空心光束(也称暗中空光束)的大家族。作为激光导管、光学镊子(光钳)和光学扳手,空心光束在微观粒子(如微米粒子、纳米粒子、自由电子、生物细胞和原子或分子等)的精确、无接触操纵和控制中有着广泛的应用。本文将首先给出空心光束的定义及其参数,并详细介绍各种空心光束产生的基本原理、方法及其实验结果。其次,就空心光束的分类及其应用场合进行了简单归纳与讨论。最后就空心光束在微观粒子(包括微米粒子、纳米粒子、生物细胞和自由电子等)的光学囚禁与操控中的应用进行简要综述,并就空心光束的产生与应用及其未来研究与应用前景进行了简短总结与展望。     

新型高效偏振光分束器的设计

研究及分析了光波在分束结构中的传播行为和特性,发现当增大波导邻近两侧空气孔半径时,能形成完全光子禁带范围内某一频率光波单一偏振态的传播,基于此原理提出了一种全新结构的偏振光分束器,计算与模拟结构表明,该结构可以实现TE模与TM模高效大角度分离. 器件尺寸不超过17.6 μm×9.8 μm,在集成光回路中无疑有着很大的应用潜力. 关键词： 光子晶体 偏振光分束器 时域有限差分法 平面波展开法     

Si(001)衬底上分子束外延生长Ge0.975Sn0.025合金薄膜

使用低、高温两步法生长的高质量Ge薄膜作为缓冲层,在Si(001)衬底上采用分子束外延法生长出Ge_0.975Sn_0.025合金薄膜.X射线双晶衍射和卢瑟福背散射谱等测试结果表明,Ge_0.975Sn_0.025合金薄膜具有很好的晶体质量,并且没有发生Sn表面分凝.另外,Ge_0.975Sn_0.025合金薄膜在500 ℃下具有很好的热稳定性,有望在Si基光电器件中得到应用. 关键词： GeSn Ge 分子束外延 外延生长