不同阳极电位下铝青铜的电化学阻抗谱研究

应用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)方法研究了铝青铜的腐蚀溶解机制.结果表明,在活性溶解区,铝青铜以氯化络合物的形式溶解,并且CuCl2的扩散是该溶解过程的控制步骤;而在过渡区,铝青铜的EIS谱出现第2个容抗弧,这是由于CuCl络合物和氧化腐蚀产物在电极表面沉积成膜所致;在极限电流区,腐蚀产物膜产生破损点,导致电极表面快速溶解,产生严重的点蚀,这就是在该区域极化电位下EIS出现感抗弧的原因.     

新型镁基储氢合金的合成及电化学性能的研究

用扩散法成功地合成了Mg_1.5Al_0.5-xNiV_x(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)系列合金。XRD结构分析表明,合金中出现一个新的物相,其化学式为Mg₃AlNi₂,属立方晶系,Fd3m空间群,新相具有很好的电化学性能。钒的添加使合金的容量进一步提高。未经任何预处理的Mg_1.5Al_0.3V_0.2Ni合金的最大放电容量达到333mA·h·g^-1(50mA·g^-1,-0.5Vvs.Hg/HgO).Al对六方晶系Mg₂Ni合金结构中Mg的部分取代对于延长合金的循环寿命有重要作用。     

氨甲蝶呤在Co/GC离子注入修饰电极上电化学行为及其应用研究

氨甲蝶呤在0.1mol/LHAc-NaAc(pH=4.96)缓冲溶液中,用Co/GC离子注入修饰电极进行伏安测定,得到一良好的还原峰,峰电位为-0.95V(vs.SCE).峰电流Ip与氨甲蝶呤的浓度在2.2×10^-7～8.8×10^-6mol/L范围内呈线性关系。检出限为1.1×10^-8mol/L.建立了测定氨甲蝶呤的新方法,可用于实际样品的测定,回收率在98.9%～106.2%之间。用线性扫描和循环伏安法研究了体系的电化学行为及电极反应机理。实验表明,氨甲蝶呤的还原为不可逆吸附过程,并伴随两个电子和两个氢离子参与电极反应。用俄歇电子能谱(AES)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等表面分析技术对Co离子注入修饰电极的表面元素组成及深度分布等进行测定,表明Co离子确被注入到玻碳表面。扫速对催化效率的影响实验证明体系存在催化作用。     

Sm金属富勒烯的高效提取和电化学性质研究

在金属富勒烯 [1]的形成过程中 ,存在从金属到碳笼的电子转移 .La系金属富勒烯中 ,金属原子转移 2或 3个电子给碳笼形成 + 2或 + 3价的金属离子和带有大量负电荷的碳笼 .尽管如此 ,金属富勒烯仍具有良好的接受电子的能力 [2 ,3] .大多数的 La系金属富勒烯 ( Y,La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,L u)的电化学方法研究表明 ,它们可以接受 5到 6个电子 ,但是 ,Sm的金属富勒烯的氧化还原性质尚未见报道 ,其主要原因是 Sm金属富勒烯的合成产率低 ,仅是 La金属富勒烯的 7% ,从而使得其分离非常困难 ,需要通过多步 HPLC循环才能得到 [4 ,5] ,高…     

表面改性SUS316L不锈钢的电化学行为研究

分别以表面镀Rh,表面离子束增强沉积Ta2O5膜及溶胶凝胶法沉积TiO2膜对冠状动脉支架用材料SUS316L不锈钢进行表面改性.采用电化学方法研究了该表面改性试样在Tyrode's模拟人工体液中的电化学行为.结果表明,上述3种表面改性方法均可提高SUS316L不锈钢在模拟人工体液中的阳极极化性能.其中对于采用离子束增强法沉积的Ta2O5膜和溶胶凝胶法沉积的TiO2膜,因Ta和Ti上的d轨道空位已被氧的电子占据,不利于氢吸附,从而抑制了阴极的析氢过程.X射线衍射分析发现,3种改性方法在SUS316L不锈钢表面依次形成均匀而致密的Rh金属层,Ta2O5的无序膜层和TiO2晶态膜层,阻止了合金元素的溶解,改善不锈钢的电化学性能.     

缓蚀剂在N80钢上吸附行为研究

应用极化曲线和交流阻抗技术研究了 4种缓蚀剂在N80钢基体和碳酸亚铁膜上的吸脱附行为 .实验表明 ,对同一种缓蚀剂 ,其在N80钢光洁表面和在腐蚀产物膜上的吸附力强度不同 ,而酸性缓蚀剂和小分子缓蚀剂在N80钢光洁金属表面和碳酸亚铁膜上各表现出不同的缓蚀行为     

海生物附著对钢板管椿腐蚀之影响

为了解海生物对钢板管椿腐蚀之影响 ,将SS4 1金属试片浸渍于高雄港 #1 4码头水深 3m处及实验室人造海水中 .试验期间 ,以DC直流动电位极化曲线扫描与AC交流电阻抗分析现场量测各试片的瞬间腐蚀速率 .结果发现 :宏观地看 ,海生物在金属 (或锈层 )表面的附著可以减缓金属腐蚀 ,但从微观 (micro)的观点推论 ,海生物在金属表面的附著亦可以造成氧差或浓度差异电池 ,促成局部腐蚀 .此外 ,等效电路的模拟 ,有助于了解海生物附著对金属腐蚀的影响 ,即随浸渍时间的延长 ,金属表面因锈层增厚且趋于致密 ,以致锈层电阻增加 ;又因海生物种类不同 ,含水量不同 ,海生物电阻可能会有极大的差异     

In situ SERS spectroscopy of Ag-modified pyrolytic graphite in organic electrolytes

Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been applied to study the lithium intercalation/deintercalation process at the interface of a pyrolytic graphite electrode with propylene and ethylene carbonate containing organic solutions. We have focused on the lattice vibration of the most outer graphite surface layer simultaneously with cyclic voltammetric measurements. In situ Raman spectroscopy performed in this way allowed us to determine the La value that describes the size of graphitic microcrystallites along the a-axis. It was found that the La value decreases when the electrode is polarized to potentials between 0.02 and 1.0 V. This phenomenon can be correlated with the intercalation of lithium ions into the graphene structure. According to the spectral change, the size of the graphitic microcrystallites shows reversible behavior with potential cycling at the surface of the electrode. Electronic Publication     

Evaluation of the corrosion resistance of electroless Ni-P and Ni-P composite coatings by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Electroless Ni-P composite coatings have gained a good deal of popularity and acceptance in recent years as they provide considerable improvement of desirable qualities such as hardness, wear, abrasion resistance, etc. The disagreement among researchers on the corrosion behaviour of these coatings warrants a thorough investigation. Among the various techniques available for the determination of corrosion resistance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is considered to be superior as it provides not only an assessment of the corrosion resistance of different deposits but also enables the mechanistic pathway by which the deposits become corroded to be determined. The present investigation focuses on the evaluation of the corrosion resistance of electroless Ni-P and Ni-P-Si₃N₄, Ni-P-CeO₂ and Ni-P-TiO₂ composite coatings produced using an acidic hypophosphite-reduced electroless nickel bath, using EIS. The study makes evident that the same fundamental reaction is occurring on all the coatings of the present study but over a different effective area in each case. The charge transfer resistance of electroless Ni-P and Ni-P composite deposits are in the range 32,253–90,700 Ω cm², whereas the capacitances of these coatings are in the range 11–17 μF/cm². The improved corrosion resistance obtained for electroless Ni-P and Ni-P composite coatings is due to the enrichment of phosphorus on the electrode surface, which enables the preferential hydrolysis of phosphorus over that of nickel. The better corrosion resistance obtained for electroless Ni-P composite coatings can be ascribed to the decrease in the effective metallic area prone to corrosion. Among the three electroless Ni-P composite coatings, the corrosion resistance is in the following order: Ni-P-CeO₂=Ni-P-Si₃N₄>Ni-P-TiO₂. Electronic Publication     

直接热氧化制备氧化钛薄膜电极的研究Ⅰ. 制备、结构和电化学性质

采用原子力显微镜、 X光衍射仪、电化学阻抗谱等手段对热氧化制备氧化钛膜的结构和电化学性质进行了研究.结果表明,金属钛直接热氧化制备的薄膜为金红石型二氧化钛薄膜;随氧化温度升高和时间延长,薄膜结晶度逐渐增大;随氧化温度升高,二氧化钛平带电位向负方向移动;当温度大于600℃后,二氧化钛结晶致密,电子导电性减小.