Virtual improvement of ice cream properties by computational homogenization of microstructures

Optimal shape design of microstructured materials has recently attracted a great deal of attention in materials science. The shape and the topology of the microstructure have a significant impact on the macroscopic properties. This paper presents different computational models of random microstructures, to virtually improve the physical properties of ice cream. Several sensory properties of this heterogeneous material issued from food industry are directly controlled by the elastic and thermal conducting ones. The material effective elastic and thermal conducting properties are obtained through direct large scale numerical simulations. The different formulations address the problem of finding the shape of the representative microstructural element for random heterogeneous media that increase the elastic moduli and thermal conductivity compared to existing products. The computational models are established using finite element method and images of virtual microstructures. In this paper we propose a new model of microstructures. This model is constructed with hexagonal prismatic rods and plates with volume fractions around 0.7 for the hard phase represented by hexagons of ice. A comparison between three two-phase elastic heterogeneous microstructures models is drawn. This illustrates the concept of design of microstructures using computational homogenization tools.     

红外成象分离双透镜系统设计

本文介绍红外成象大孔径、大视场物镜的设计原理及象质评价方法,导出了求解初始结构参数的象差方程,给出了设计实例及象质评价结果。     

半导体激光系统的特殊设计

根据半导体激光器远场光束呈椭圆斑,输出功率、光谱特性、寿命、温度以及输出具有偏振性等光学特性,本文讨论了半导体激光系统的特殊设计问题。着重研讨半导体激光器输出功率的稳定,椭圆光束的准直和整圆等。     

Accuracy assessment to applying 20-node solid elements to pressurized composite shells

A factorial analysis is conducted to explore the impact of five factors — aspect ratio, radius-to-thickness ratio, material anisotropy, fiber angle and integration order on the finite element accuracy, with regard to the application of 20-node isoparametric solid elements to clamped composite cylindrical shells subjected to internal pressure. The maximum radial displacement at the central cross-section is employed as the indicator of accuracy. Results from finite element methods were compared with closed-form solutions. Aspect ratio, radius-to- thickness ratio, and integration order are significant main effects as predicted for isotropic materials. Material anisotropy shows no significant main effect, while the fiber angle does have strong impact on the finite element accuracy. In addition to four influential main effects, some multiple-factor interactions are shown to have significant influences on the finite element accuracy. The analysis is limited to the linear elastic range.     

CONSURF系统中机身造型曲线的若干几何性质

本文用计算几何学的观点对Ａ．Ａ．Ｂａｌｌ在前英车航空公司研制成功的ＣＯＮＳＵＲＦ系统进行分析，证明了这一系统的机身造型曲线具有包络性质，分段性质，变差缩减性质，奇点拐点分布性质和保凸性质。     

Computational methods for aerodynamic shape design

In this paper, various computational methods for shape design in aerodynamics are reviewed. A classification system based on the mathematical structure of the methods is introduced. The fundamental ideas of different formulations are discussed, and the algorithms are described. The advantages and well-known disadvantages of different methods are also briefly discussed.     

Best Approximation and Perturbation Property in Hilbert Spaces

We study the perturbation property of best approximation to a set defined by an abstract nonlinear constraint system. We show that, at a normal point, the perturbation property of best approximation is equivalent to an equality expressed in terms of normal cones. This equality is related to the strong conical hull intersection property. Our results generalize many known results in the literature on perturbation property of best approximation established for a set defined by a finite system of linear/nonlinear inequalities. The connection to minimization problem is considered.The authors thank the referees for valuable suggestions.K.F. Ng - This author was partially supported by Grant A0324638 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Grants (2001) 01GY051-66 and SZD0406 from Sichuan Province. Y.R. He -This author was supported by a Direct Grant (CUHK) and an Earmarked Grant from the Research Grant Council of Hong Kong.     

李型单群~2F_4(q~2)与2-(ν,κ,1)区组设计

本文证明了当2-(v,k,1)设计的自同构群G的基柱soc(G)=2F4(q2)时,Buekenhaut-Delandtsheer-Doyen猜想成立,即自同构群G的基柱为Ree群2F4(q2)的区本原2-(v,k,1)设计必为点本原的.