异相Fenton光催化对有毒有机污染物的降解

以蒙脱石-K10(Montmorillonite K10)作为Fe3 的载体制备异相Fenton催化剂(Mot-Fe),并用此催化剂在可见光(λ>420 nm)照射下研究其降解染料罗丹明B(Rhoda-mine B,RhB)和2,4-二氯苯酚(2,4-Dichlorophenol,DCP)。研究表明,选定的Mot-Fe/H2O2体系能有效地降解RhB,反应300 min脱色完全,总有机碳(TOC)去除率达85.2%,反应过程中主要涉及到.OH自由基的产生和参与。可见光照射下,对DCP/Mot-Fe/H2O2体系,TOC的去除率达到51.6%。催化剂具有比较好的稳定性,能够重复使用。     

ZnO-based ternary nanocomposite for decolorization of methylene blue by photocatalytic dynamic membrane

In this article, novel Ag–ZnO/g-C₃N₄/GO ternary nanocomposites were prepared via co-precipitation method by 1%w Ag, 50% w g-C₃N₄, 10% w GO concentration and applied in dynamic membranes. The characteristics of Ag–ZnO/g-C₃N₄/GO nanocomposite were evaluated by various techniques such as X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray map, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photocatalyst. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was investigated under visible light. The photocatalytic efficiency of 93.43% for methylene blue degradation was obtained for Ag–ZnO/g-C₃N₄/GO nanocomposite after 50 min of irradiation, which was remarkably higher than that of pure ZnO, bare g-C₃N₄, Ag–ZnO, and Ag–ZnO/g-C₃N₄ at the same irradiation time. Likewise, in self-forming and pre-coated membranes, ternary nanocomposites can play a vital role in the membrane surface properties, as well as their decolorization performance. The rejection of methylene blue was 30% in pure polyethersulfone membrane, while the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in Ag–ZnO/g-C₃N₄/GO nanocomposites was 88.46% and 98.86% after 10 and 15 min of irradiation in both self-forming and pre-coated dynamic membranes, respectively. Experimental results show that the dynamic membrane possesses a higher ability for degradation of MB in a shorter period of time than the static system.     

Advanced oxidation of Reactive Blue 181 solution: A comparison between Fenton and Sono-Fenton Process

In this work, the decolorization of C.I. Reactive Blue 181 (RB181), an anthraquinone dye, by Ultrasound and Fe²⁺ H₂O₂ processes was investigated. The effects of operating parameters, such as Fe²⁺ dosage, H₂O₂ dosage, pH value, reaction time and temperature were examined. Process optimisation [pH, ferrous ion (Fe²⁺), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and reaction time], kinetic studies and their comparison were carried out for both of the processes. The Sono-Fenton process was performed by indirect sonication in an ultrasonic water bath, which was operated at a fixed 35-kHz frequency. The optimum conditions were determined as [Fe²⁺] = 30 mg/L, [H₂O₂] = 50 mg/L and pH = 3 for the Fenton process and [Fe²⁺] = 10 mg/L, [H₂O₂] = 40 mg/L and pH = 3 for the Sono-Fenton process. The colour removals were 88% and 93.5% by the Fenton and Sono-Fenton processes, respectively. The highest decolorization was achieved by the Sono-Fenton process because of the production of some oxidising agents as a result of sonication. The paper also discussed kinetic parameters. The decolorization kinetic of RB181 followed pseudo-second-order reaction (Fenton study) and Behnajady kinetics (Sono-Fenton study).     

川芎多糖脱色方法比较

比较了活性炭、H2O2和大孔吸附树脂对川芎多糖提取液的脱色效果。选用极性大孔树脂S-8在工作液流速为2BV/h,川芎浓度为0.33g/mL时,脱色率为92.7%,多糖保留率为93.0%,表明S-8适合用于川芎多糖提取液脱色。     

Determination of Minimum Enzymatic Decolorization Time of Reactive Dye Solution by Spectroscopic & Mathematical Approach

Synthetic dyes are very important for textile dyeing,paper printing,color photography and petroleum products.Traditional methods of dye removal include biodegradation,precipitation,adsorption,chemical degradation,photo degradation,and chemical coagulation.Dye decolorization with enzymatic reaction is an important issue for several research field(chemistry,environment)In this study,minimum decolorization time of Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye with Horseradish peroxidase enzyme was calculated using with mathematical equation depending on experimental data.Dye decolorization was determined by monitoring the absorbance decrease at the specific maximum wavelength for dye.All experiments were carried out with different initial dye concentrations of Remazol Brilliant Blue R at 25 ℃ constant temperature for 30 minutes.The development of the least squares estimators for a nonlinear model brings about complications not encountered in the case of the linear model.Decolorization times for completely removal of dye were calculated according to equation.It was shown that mathematical equation was conformed exponential curve for dye degradation.     

盐场卤水氧化-吸附联合脱色工艺的研究

以天津汉沽盐场高含镁卤水为研究对象,分析其成色原因,建立了过氧化氢氧化-氢氧化锆吸附联合脱色工艺,分别考察了脱色剂用量、温度、pH值等因素对卤水色度、CODCr及镁离子损失率的影响,确定了最佳的脱色工艺条件:用卤水处理量1%(体积比)的过氧化氢于室温下将卤水氧化2h后,在pH值为2～3的条件下经氢氧化锆吸附脱色40min,氢氧化锆投加用量为60g/L卤水。在此条件下,卤水色度及CODCr去除率分别可达99%和85%,镁离子的损失率可控制在1%以下,均高于目前现行的工艺方法。吸附剂氢氧化锆经脱附后可循环使用,大大降低了工艺运行成本。     

Enhanced catalytic features of sol-gel immobilized MnP isolated from solid state culture of Pleurotus ostreatus IBL-02

An indigenous and industrially important manganese peroxidase (MnP) isolated from solid state culture of Pleurotus ostreatus IBL-02 was 2.1-fold purified and immobilized using sol-gel matrix of trimethoxysilane and proplytetramethoxysilane. Lower KM, higher Vmax, hyper-activation, enhanced acidic and thermal stability up to 70℃, were the improved/enhanced catalytic features of the presently sol-gel immobilized MnP. A maximum of 100% decolorization was achieved within a short time period for the different real dyes containing textile industry effluents i.e. Nishat textile (NIT), K&N textile (KIT), Sitara textile (SIT), and Crescent textile (CRT).     

Decolorizing of azo dye Reactive red 24 aqueous solution using exfoliated graphite and H2O2 under ultrasound irradiation

At its natural pH (6.95), the decolorization of Reactive red 24 in ultrasound, ultrasound/H₂O₂, exfoliated graphite, ultrasound/exfoliated graphite, exfoliated graphite/H₂O₂ and ultrasound/exfoliated graphite/H₂O₂ systems were compared. An enhancement was observed for the decolorization in ultrasound/exfoliated graphite/H₂O₂ system. The effect of solution pH, H₂O₂ and exfoliated graphite dosages, and temperature on the decolorization of Reactive red 24 was investigated. The sonochemical treatment in combination with exfoliated graphite/H₂O₂ showed a synergistic effect for the decolorization of Reactive red 24. The results indicated that under proper conditions, there was a possibility to remove Reactive red 24 very efficient from aqueous solution.

The decolorization of other azo dyes (Reactive red 2, Methyl orange, Acid red 1, Acid red 73, Acid red 249, Acid orange 7, Acid blue 113, Acid brown 75, Acid green 20, Acid yellow 42, Acid mordant brown 33, Acid mordant yellow 10 and Direct green 1) was also investigated, at their natural pH.     

Decolorization kinetics of the azo dye drimaren blue X3LR by laccase

Summary An extracellular Drimaren Blue X3LR decolorizing enzymatic activity was found in the crude filtrate of Funalia trogii grown by solid-state fermentation using wheat bran and soya bean waste. Decolorization of the azo dye Drimaren Blue X3LR by the crude filtrate and partially purified enzyme of Funalia trogii were investigated and compared. In the absence of additional redox mediator, maximum decolorization ratios of 81.33 % and 77.4 % were observed for Drimaren Blue X3LR using crude filtrate and partially purified enzyme respectively. Decolorization yield was found to be higher with crude enzyme preparations. Na₂S₂O₅ inhibited laccase and dye decolorizing enzyme activities but a significant peroxidase activity inhibition was not observed. Since the reaction was catalyzed in the absence of H₂O₂ as co-substrate, it could be concluded that this enzyme is not a peroxidase but may be a laccase.. The kinetic parameters of decolorization were calculated according to Michaelis constant (Km of 1.700 x 10^-5 mol dm^-3 and W_max = 8.02 x10^-7 mol dm^-3 sec^-1).     

Bacterial synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles: Decolorization Acid Red 88 using FeNPs/Ca-Alg beads

The research studied the bacterial synthesis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (FeNPs), their biological activity, and the biodegradation efficiency of Acid Red 88. An iron-resistant bacterial strain S2 was isolated from Choghart iron mine soil and selected to synthesize FeNPs. The phylogenetic analysis depended on 16S rDNA sequence comparison resolution and showed that strain S2 was 99.68% similar to Bacillus zhangzhouensis. FeNPs were identified by UV–Vis, FTIR, and XRD spectroscopy. SEM-EDX conclusions corroborated the size of FeNPs in the range of 20–70 nm in the rhombus form. The finding indicated that FeNPs had antimicrobial activity on tested bacteria. According to the brine shrimp lethality (BSL) test, FeNPs showed great anticancer activity with LC₅₀ value of 0.5 μg/ml. The biodegradation of Acid Red 88 was investigated separately by FeNPs/Ca-Alg beads and FeNPs powder. FeNPs/Ca-Alg beads decolorized Acid Red 88 with 100% efficiency after 24 h, while FeNPs powder decolorized Acid Red 88 with 100% efficiency after 72 h. Moreover, Ca-Alg beads were applied as control and could not decolorize the dye. Decolorization of Acid Red 88 using FeNPs/Ca-Alg beads was investigated by GC/MS analysis. In this analysis, no mass was found related to the initial mass of Acid Red 88. According to these conclusions, it can be inferred that the dye is completely decomposed. The toxicity of Acid Red 88 dye, and the decolorization products, was assessed using BSL and phytotoxicity test. The conclusions determined that Acid Red 88 dye had toxicity effect. Further, the decolorization products could not kill half of the shrimp due to their low toxicity and did not inhibit the germination of radish seeds.