ON THE PHYSICAL PROCESS OF POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION

Polymer crystallization is a process that connects the initial amorphous state and the final semicrystalline state. It is important to take due consideration of the initial state before crystallization, which determines the path of the crystallization process. New physical ideas are presented in regard to the processes of polymer crystallization from a dilute solution, from a melt or rubbery state, and from an oriented state, all based on experimental facts available with detailed discussions.     

Reactivity of Functionalized Phosphonates 1. Acid-Base Properties and Reactivity of Methyl Esters of Alpha-Aminophosphonic Acids

Acid-base properties and reactivity of series of alpha-aminophosphonates has been investigated. The reaction of addition of the aminophosphonates to phenylisocyanate was used as a model reaction. The influence of steric and electronic effects of substituents at alpha-carbon or nitrogen in amino group on the mechanism inversion from AdN to AdE is discussed.     

星系哈勃红移的非多普勒效应解释

分析了多普勒效应在解释星系哈勃红移现象时,星系际光传播过程存在的能量不守恒和宇宙膨胀时空不平权两大问题;提出了＂时空物质属性＂的3个基本假设;最后阐述了星系哈勃红移的非多普勒效应解释。     

Layer-Resolved Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect In Semi-Infinite Inhomogeneous Layered Systems

The contour integration technique applied to calculate the optical conductivity tensor at finite temperatures in the case of inhomogeneous surface layered systems within the framework of the spin-polarized relativistic screened Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker band structure method is extended to arbitrary polarizations of the electric field. It is shown that besides the inter-band contribution, the contour integration technique also accounts for the intra-band contribution. Introducing a layer-resolved complex Kerr angle, the importance of the first, non-magnetic buffer layer below the ferromagnetic surface on the magneto-optical Kerr effect in the Co | Pt m multilayer system is shown. Increasing the thickness of the buffer Pt, the layer-resolved complex Kerr angles follow a linear dependence with respect to m only after nine Pt mono-layers.     

Extraction and Purification of Depigmenting Agents from Chinese Plants

Introduction Melaninisaheterogeneousbiopolymerproduced bytheskincells,melanocytes,whichdetermine,mostly,thecoloroftheskin.Excessiveproductionof melaninanditsaccumulationintheskincancausepig mentingdisordersincludingmelasma,solarlentigoand postinflammatory…     

Effect of a transverse magnetic field on the plume emission in laser-produced plasma: An atomic analysis

We have investigated the effect of varying transverse magnetic field on the plasma plume emission of laser-produced lithium plasma. Two atomic transitions for lithium neutral Li (I) and two for Li ion LI (II) are taken for the study. It has been found that for Li (I), the emission from 670.8 nm transition (2s²S_1/2←2p²P_3/2′1/2) shows initial enhancement and then subsequent decrease for higher fields. Of course, the overall intensity is increased for all the fields when compared to the case of without field. On the other hand, for 610.3 nm (2p²P_1/2←3d²P_3/2′5/2), there is continuous decrease in intensity. Interestingly, for Li (II) transitions also, after an initial increase in intensity up to 0.08 Ta decrease is observed. From the atomic analysis, we find that for 670.8 nm line, the cause of initial enhancement is increase in electron impact excitation whereas for decreased intensity, increased field-induced ionization appears to be responsible mechanism. However, for 610.3 nm line, decrease in intensity appears to be due to decreased recombination. For Li (II), 478.8 nm (3p¹P₁←4d¹D₂) and 548.4 nm (2s³S₁←2p³P_2,1,0) transitions, initial increase appears to be due to increased confinement (increase in plasma density) and subsequent decrease in intensity with increase in field due to decreased recombination.     

Geometrical confinement effects on the magnetization and polarization response in resonant magneto-optic rotator waveguides

Control of magnetization is central to the performance of magneto-optical switches and isolators. Photonic crystal technology on these devices can yield significant improvements in polarization rotation efficiency and an overall reduction in device dimensions. The optical response and field reversal characteristics of resonant magneto-optic polarization rotators fabricated on chip are presented herein and analyzed by micromagnetic simulation. By introducing domain-strip structures into the resonant cavity of Bragg gratings formed on magnetic garnet films, a bi-stable magnetic state is demonstrated and the enhancement of characteristic saturation field is studied. Domain closure loops between the strips affect the hysteresis response in the resonant cavity. Large magneto-optic rotations exceeding 45° are produced near resonance between 1500 and 1580 nm in the stop-bands, although the presence of linear birefringence in these gyrotropic waveguides strongly suppresses the Faraday rotation outside the stop-bands and degrades the linearity of the output polarization.     

Effect of magnetic field on laser-blow-off plasma plume: Structured temporal emission profile

The effect of varying magnetic field on the lithium plasma produced by laser-blow-off technique has been studied. Enhancement in the intensity accompanied with structures was observed for the spectral lines from neutrals, which varied with the intensity of the magnetic field. In the present report we explore the origin of these structures by invoking the role of various atomic processes.     

Effect of the second coordination sphere on the electron transition energies in ZnS-Mn

The influence of the second coordination sphere on the energy of electron transitions in ZnS-Mn is investigated using the crystal field theory. The obtained perturbation effect is small and may be usually neglected.

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Einfluß der zweiten Koordinationssphäre auf die Energie der Elektronenübergänge in ZnS-Mn (Kurze Mitteilung)

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß der zweiten Koordinationssphäre auf die Energie der Elektronenübergänge in ZnS-Mn wird mit Hilfe der Kristallfeldtheorie untersucht. Es ergibt sich, daß der Störeffekt klein ist und gewöhnlich vernachlässigt werden kann.