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991.
Karakoti AS Das S Thevuthasan S Seal S 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2011,50(9):1980-1994
Application of inorganic nanoparticles in diagnosis and therapy has become a critical component in the targeted treatment of diseases. The surface modification of inorganic oxides is important for providing diversity in size, shape, solubility, long-term stability, and attachment of selective functional groups. This Minireview describes the role of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the surface modification of oxides and focuses on their biomedical applications. Such a PEGylation of surfaces provides "stealth" characteristics to nanomaterials otherwise identified as foreign materials by human body. The role of PEG as structure-directing agent in synthesis of oxides is also presented. 相似文献
992.
Tatiana Y. Karogodina Igor G. Dranov Dr. Svetlana V. Sergeeva Dr. Dmitry V. Stass Prof. Dr. Ulrich E. Steiner 《Chemphyschem》2011,12(9):1714-1728
Oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR) to rhodamine 123 (RH) by oxoperoxonitrite (ONOO?), formed through recombination of NO and O2.? radicals resulting from thermal decomposition of 3‐morpholinosydnonimine (SIN‐1) in buffered aerated aqueous solution at pH 7.6, represents a kinetic model system of the reactivity of NO and O2.? in biochemical systems. A magnetic‐field effect (MFE) on the yield of RH detected in this system is explored in the full range of fields between 0 and 18 T. It is found to increase in a nearly linear fashion up to a value of 5.5±1.6 % at 18 T and 23 °C (3.1±0.7 % at 40 °C). A theoretical framework to analyze the MFE in terms of the magnetic‐field‐enhanced recombination rate constant krec of NO and O2.? due to magnetic mixing of T0 and S spin states of the radical pair by the Δg mechanism is developed, including estimation of magnetic properties (g tensor and spin relaxation times) of NO and O2.? in aqueous solution, and calculation of the MFE on krec using the theoretical formalism of Gorelik at al. The factor with which the MFE on krec is translated to the MFE on the yield of ONOO? and RH is derived for various kinetic scenarios representing possible sink channels for NO and O2.?. With reasonable assumptions for the values of some unknown kinetic parameters, the theoretical predictions account well for the observed MFE. 相似文献
993.
994.
A numerical study is reported on the fully developed unsteady laminar fluid flow in microchannel parallel-plates partially filled with a uniform porous medium and partially filled with a clear fluid. The flow is induced by the movement of one of the plates and the pressure gradient. The Brinkman-extended Darcy model is utilized to model the flow in the porous region, while the Stokes equation is used in the clear fluid region. A theoretical analysis is also presented for the fully developed steady flow to find closedform expressions for the interfacial velocity and the velocity and skin frictions at the bounding plates. Numerical computations shows excellent agreement between the closedform solutions for fully developed steady flow and the numerical solution to unsteady flow at large values of time. 相似文献
995.
众所周知Lamb波在复合材料中的传播呈各向异性的特点,经典有限元法模拟这类问题效率不高,所以,本文采用谱有限元法进行研究。先建立了一种新的谱有限板单元,该单元以Gauss-Lobatto-Legendre点作为节点,使质量矩阵是对角矩阵;另外,该单元采用了扩展的位移场,能够较好地模拟板结构的三维特性。然后,对复合材料板结构中Lamb波在对称模式与反对称模式下的传播速度进行了求解,将计算结果与Mindlin板谱单元的结果以及三维弹性理论的结果进行了比较,并讨论了Lamb波在反对称层合板中的传播特点。最后,模拟了Lamb波在含和不含损伤复合材料层合板中的传播,数值结果表明所建立的谱有限板单元可以较好地模拟出Lamb波在复合材料板结构中的传播特性。 相似文献
996.
997.
Imperfect bonding between the constitutive components can greatly affect the properties of the composite structures.An asymptotic analysis of different types of imperfect interfaces arising in the problem of 2D fibrereinforced composite materials are proposed.The performed study is based on the asymptotic reduction of the governing biharmonic problem into two harmonic problems.All solutions are obtained in a closed analytical form.The obtained results can be used for the calculation of pull-out and pushout tests,as well as for the investigation of the fracture of composite materials. 相似文献
998.
在密闭容器中,用爆轰分解掺杂含有镍离子的混合炸药前驱体合成了核壳结构石墨包覆镍纳米颗
粒。调整混合炸药前驱体中碳源材料和金属源材料的有效摩尔比合成了球形、不同尺寸、核壳结构的磁性石
墨包覆纳米镍颗粒。采用X 射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、能谱分析仪(EDX)和振动样品磁强计
(VSM)表征化学构成、结构形貌及磁性能。结果表明:颗粒大小主要分布在10~55nm 之间,复合纳米颗粒
主要由面心立方镍纳米晶体和石墨碳构成,常温下这些复合纳米颗粒主要表现出超顺磁性和铁磁性能。 相似文献
999.
数学均匀化方法是计算周期复合材料结构的有效方法之一,单胞边界条件施加的合理性直接决定了影响函数控制方程的计算效率和精度,进而影响均匀化弹性参数和摄动位移的计算精度.本文首先将单胞影响函数作为虚拟位移处理,给出了单胞在结构中真实的边界条件,结果表明,四边固支适合作为二维结构单胞边界条件;其次,针对二维结构提出了超单胞周期边界条件,有效提高了影响函数的计算精度,并使用与虚拟位移相对应的虚拟势能泛函验证超单胞周期边界条件的有效性;最后,利用数值分析验证多尺度渐进展开方法的计算精度,强调了二阶摄动的必要性. 相似文献
1000.
Myung Eun Suk 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(13)
By using the advantages of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), such as their excellent mechanical properties and low density, CNT-reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) are expected to overcome the limitations of conventional metal materials, i.e., their high density and low ductility. To understand the behavior of composite materials, it is necessary to observe the behavior at the molecular level and to understand the effect of various factors, such as the radius and content of CNTs. Therefore, in this study, the effect of the CNT radius and content on the mechanical properties of CNT-Al composites was observed using a series of molecular dynamics simulations, particularly focusing on MMCs with a high CNT content and large CNT diameter. The mechanical properties, such as the strength and stiffness, were increased with an increasing CNT radius. As the CNT content increased, the strength and stiffness increased; however, the fracture strain was not affected. The behavior of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) was compared through the decomposition of the stress–strain curve and observations of the atomic stress field. The fracture strain increased significantly for SWNT-Al as the tensile force was applied in the axial direction of the armchair CNTs. In the case of DWNTs, an early failure was initiated at the inner CNTs. In addition, the change in the elastic modulus according to the CNT content was predicted using the modified rule of mixture. This study is expected to be useful for the design and development of high-performance MMCs reinforced by CNTs. 相似文献