116例冠心病患者血清中钙镁镉铅铍含量的探讨

测定了１１６例冠心病患者血清中钙、镁、镉、铅、铍的含量并与正常对照组比较。结果显示，常量元素钙、镁与微量元素镉、铅含量降低，而铍的含量升高。它们之间的差异有显著性或高度显著性，Ｐ〈０．０５或Ｐ〈０．０１。     

Cytoprotective Mechanisms of DJ-1: Implications in Cardiac Pathophysiology

DJ-1 was originally identified as an oncogene product while mutations of the gene encoding DJ-1/PARK7 were later associated with a recessive form of Parkinson’s disease. Its ubiquitous expression and diversity of function suggest that DJ-1 is also involved in mechanisms outside the central nervous system. In the last decade, the contribution of DJ-1 to the protection from ischemia-reperfusion injury has been recognized and its involvement in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease is attracting increasing attention. This review describes the current and gaps in our knowledge of DJ-1, focusing on its role in regulating cardiovascular function. In parallel, we present original data showing an association between increased DJ-1 expression and antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory markers following cardiac and vascular surgical procedures. Future studies should address DJ-1’s role as a plausible novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease.     

化学实验失败体验:教育现象学的视角

近10年来,教育现象学在我国迅猛发展,得到愈来愈多的关注,教育现象学已逐渐形成一套较为成熟与可操作的研究方法与步骤。运用教育现象学研究方法对学生实验失败体验进行研究,得出根本主题：化学实验失败（包括实验意外）体验丰富,其增强或消减受多种因素（老师指导、同伴合作与竞争、自身、时间长短）的单一与相互影响。并从空间性、实体性、时间性、相关性等维度对根本主题的意义进行了论述。并与国际相关研究进行了比较,最后指出了该方法的适用范围和应用前景。     

化学竞赛选手失利体验的心理学分析与启示——基于教育现象学的个案研究

采用现象学研究方法,通过研究一名化学竞赛选手失利时的心理体验,了解竞赛选手的参赛动机、参赛心态、学习兴趣、学习压力等方面问题,进而探寻其教育意义。对学科竞赛与资优生培养得出一些思考与启示。     

Design,synthesis and biological evaluation of pyridyl substituted benzoxazepinones as potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase

Exorbitant aldosterone is closely associated with various severe diseases, including congestive heart failure and chronic kidney disease. As aldosterone synthase is the pivotal enzyme in aldosterone biosynthesis, its inhibition constitutes a promising treatment for these diseases. Via a structure-based approach, a series of pyridyl substituted 3,4-dihydrobenzo[f][1,4]oxazepin-5(2H)-ones were designed as inhibitors of aldosterone synthase. Six compounds (5j, 5l, 5m 5w, 5x and 5y) distinguished themselves with potent inhibition (IC₅₀ <100 nmol/L) and high selectivity over homogenous 11β-hydroxylase. As the most promising compound, 5x exhibited an IC₅₀ of 12 nmol/L and an excellent selectivity factor (SF) of 157, which are both superior to those of the reference fadrazole (IC₅₀ = 21 nmol/L, SF = 7). Importantly, 5x showed no inhibition against steroidogenic CYP17, CYP19 and a panel of hepatic CYP enzymes indicating an outstanding safety profile. As it manifested satisfactory pharmacokinetic properties in rats, compound 5x was considered as a drug candidate for further development.     

Crystal structures and properties of two hydrated conglomerate forms of the heart‐rate‐lowering agent ivabradine hydrochloride

Ivabradine hydrochloride (IVA‐HCl) (systematic name: {[3,4‐dimethoxybicyclo[4.2.0]octa‐1(6),2,4‐trien‐7‐yl]methyl}[3‐(7,8‐dimethoxy‐2‐oxo‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐1H‐3‐benzazepin‐3‐yl)propyl]methylazanium), is a novel medication used for the symptomatic management of stable angina pectoris. In many recent patents, it has been claimed to exist in a very large number of polymorphic, hydrated and solvated phases, although no detailed analysis of the structural features of these forms has been published to date. Here, we have successfully crystallized the tetrahydrate form of IVA‐HCl (form β), C₂₇H₃₇N₂O₅⁺·Cl^?·4H₂O, and elucidated its structure for the first time. Simultaneously, a new crystal form of IVA‐HCl, i.e. the hemihydrate (form II), C₂₇H₃₇N₂O₅⁺·Cl^?·0.5H₂O, was discovered. Its crystal structure was also accurately determined and compared to that of the tetrahydrate form. While the tetrahydrate form of IVA‐HCl crystallized in the orthorhombic space group P2₁2₁2₁, the new form (hemihydrate) was solved in the monoclinic space group P2₁. Detailed conformational and packing comparisons between the two forms have allowed us to understand the role of water in the crystal assembly of this hydrochloride salt. The stabilities of the two forms were compared theoretically by calculating the binding energy of the water in the crystal lattice using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The stability experiments show that the tetrahydrate is stable under high‐humidity conditions, while the hemihydrate is stable under high‐temperature conditions.     

初始微观结构缺陷和断裂的温度依赖及相关性

纳米线(NW)结构内的微观结构缺陷对NW的机械性能存在一定的影响。NW断裂位置的预测关系着纳米器件应用的寿命,进而引起了人们的广泛关注。在本工作中,基于统计分析,分别研究了单晶铜纳米线(Cu NW)拉伸过程中出现的断裂位置以及在应力屈服点处产生的初始微观结构缺陷(初始缺陷)的位置对温度的依赖性,进一步探究了两者之间的联系。利用分子动力学(MD)模拟了单晶Cu NW在20~300 K的温度范围内的拉伸状态,共包含6个体系,各温度体系包含300个独立的样本。基于机器学习,采用density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN)算法,将hexagonal close-packed (hcp)原子划分为各个初始缺陷以进一步确定其位置。统计结果显示,当温度低于50 K时,初始缺陷的位置集中在NW的两端。随着模拟温度的上升,MD模拟结果展现了单晶Cu NW的拉伸过程中的杨氏模量、平均屈服应力、平均势能等机械性能对温度的依赖性。温度的升高进一步促使了更多初始缺陷的产生,并使得初始缺陷的位置由统计分布的两端向中间平均化。与初始缺陷相比,各温度下的断裂位置集中在两端。统计结果表明,模拟的温度范围对NW的断裂位置无明显影响,但对初始缺陷的产生具有明显影响。当温度低于100 K时,初始缺陷的位置分布与断裂位置分布呈现了一致性。由于两者具有不同的温度依赖,其差异随着温度的上升逐渐显现。对不同温度下的微观结构形变行为观察发现,断裂失效明显受到NW两端的表面效应和阻挡效应的影响。最终的断裂位置受塑性形变中后期的影响,与应力屈服区产生的初始缺陷无直接联系。     

116例冠心病患者血清中铜铬锰钴镍钒含量的探讨

测定了１１６例冠心病患者血清中铜、铬、锰、钴、镍、钒的含量并与正常值比较，显示含量升高才是有铬和镍，降低者有钴和钒、无差异者有铜和锰。     

Failure rate of the inverse Gaussian-Weibull mixture model

Motivated by the idea that different causes of failure of a given system could lead to different failure distributions, a mixture of two-component distributions, one of which is the two-parameter Inverse Gaussian (IG) and the other the two-parameter Weibull (W), is proposed as a failure model. The IG-W mixture model convers several types of failure rates (FR's). It is shown that depending on the parameter values, the IG-W mixture model is capable of covering six different combinations of FR's, as one of the components has an upsidedown bathtub failure rate (UBTFR) or increasing failure rate (IFR) and the other component has a decreasing failure rate (DFR), constant failure rate (CFR), or IFR. A study is made for the mixed FR based on these six combinations.