聚合物共混：Ⅱ.聚合物的相容性

介绍聚合物的相容性,包括热力学分析、聚合物相容性的判断方法以及改善聚合物相容性的方法.     

嵌段共聚物增容剂对不相容均聚物共混体系相行为和界面性质的影响

聚合物共混体系(又称聚合物合金)兼具其相应组分的均聚物和共聚物的多种特征,甚至具有新的理想性能,从而成为了一种具有极高经济价值的新材料.该材料的研发极大地丰富了高分子物理学、高分子化学和材料学的研究内容,拓宽了聚合物材料在现代工业中的应用,同时把聚合物材料研究推向了交叉科学的前沿.均聚物/嵌段共聚物/均聚物体系作为经典的三元聚合物共混体系,对其进行深入地研究,不仅可以促进人们对高分子科学中重要问题的理解,而且可为新型嵌段共聚物增容剂的改良和设计提供理论依据.近年来,有关聚合物共混体系的实验、理论和计算机模拟工作很多,并且取得了较大的进展,但是相关综述较少.本文以均聚物/嵌段共聚物/均聚物体系为例,综述该领域的基本概念和发展历史,并着重介绍两嵌段共聚物增容剂对该三元共混体系相行为和界面性质的影响.此外,还介绍了这一领域的关键科学问题、发展前景和研究方向.     

SYNTHESIS OF POLYACRYLAMIDE WITH PENDANT POLY(BUTYL ACRYLATE) CHAINS USING THE MACROMER TECHNIQUE AND STUDIES ON THEIR PROPERTIES

INTRODUCTIONSince Milkovich and Chiang[1] developed a method of preparing copolymers with uniform side chains by usingthe macromer technique, the synthesis of copolymers with uniform side chains from different macromers hasbeen studied extensively. Milkovich et al. reported the synthesis of polystyrene macromer through termination ofliving polystyrene anions with methacryloyl chloride and its copolymerization with butyl acrylate to formthermoplastic elastomer[2]. Rempp[3] obtained polyoxy…     

Formation,Degradation, and Applications of Polyperoxides

Abstract

Even though the history and chemistry of polyperoxides is long known, they need further investigation with respect to their reactivity and applications to understand their real potential. For instance, unlike in acid polyperoxides, only scanty reports have been made on the initiating behavior of vinyl polyperoxides inspite of their well-known synthetic chemistry. Hence, it appears that there remains a significant gap between the discovery of vinyl polyperoxides and in our understanding of their role as radical initiator. This article is intended to fill this gap by ventilating the significant developments on polyperoxides, which are finding an increasing role both in fundamental and applied polymer science. However, the scope of this article is restricted to their synthetic methodologies, degradation and applications as initiators/curatives. The kinetics and mechanism of their formation and degradation have been dealt with briefly. The characteristic and notable features of the kinetics and mechanism on polyperoxide initiated polymerizations are also discussed, and some of their applications are highlighted. Emphasis has also been laid on the futuristic research trends on polyperoxides.     

聚醚砜与含萘环的聚芳醚酮增容共混物的研究

以双酚S型含萘环的聚芳醚酮为增容剂,研究了对聚醚砜(PES)与对苯二酚型-1,4-萘环的聚芳醚酮(1,4-NA-PAEK)共混体系的相容性及力学性能.结果表明,双酚S型含萘环的聚芳醚酮可显著降低PES/NA-PAEK共混体系中NA-PAEK分散相尺寸,改善两组分间的相容性,并且增容剂的加入使共混体系形成了双连续的互锁结构,提高了共混物的力学性能.     

Effects of epoxidized natural rubber as a compatibilizer in melt compounded natural rubber-organoclay nanocomposites

Nanocomposites containing natural rubber (NR) as matrix, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) as compatibilizer and organophilic layered clay (organoclay) as filler were produced in an internal mixer and cured using a conventional sulphuric system. The effects of ENR with 25 (ENR 25) and 50 mol% epoxidation (ENR 50), respectively, were compared at 5 and 10 parts per hundred rubber (phr) concentrations. The organoclay content was fixed at 2 phr. Cure characteristics, clay dispersion, (thermo)mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were determined and discussed. Incorporation of ENR and organoclay strongly affected the parameters which could be derived from Monsanto MDR measurements. Faster cure and increased crosslink density were attributed to changes in the activation/crosslinking pathway which was, however, not studied in detail. The organoclay was mostly intercalated according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) results. The best clay dispersion was achieved by adding ENR 50. This was reflected in the stiffness of the nanocomposites derived from both dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and tensile tests. The tensile and tear strengths of the ENR 50 containing nanocomposites were also superior to the ENR 25 compatibilized and uncompatibilized stocks.     

Morphology and Compatibility of Compatibilized Polyethersulfone and Polycarbonate Blends

A PES-PC （polyethersulfone-polycarbonate） multi block random copolymer was synthesized with two oligomers, polyethersulfone and polycarbonate. The effects of the copolymer, as a compatibilizer, on the morphology and compatibility of the PES-PC blends were investigated. It was found that the addition of this copolymer to the PES-PC blends could improve their compatibility.     

Adhesion in polyamide/compatibilizer/polypropylene systems

The effect of compatibilization on the adhesion, fracture toughness, morphology, and mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene (PP)/polyamide 6 (PA) blends was investigated. Maleic anhydride (MAH) functionalized poly-(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA-g-MAH) and nonreactive EVA copolymer were used as compatibilizers in binary blends. An attempt of in situ compatibilization via addition of pure maleic anhydride to PA/EVA/PP melt was also made. The blends containing maleated EVA copolymer showed more regular and finer dispersion of phases, better adhesion at the interface, and improved mechanical properties.