K Shell Fluorescence Parameters by Impact of 5.96 keV Photons on Ti and Its Compounds

K shell fluorescence parameters of pure Ti and some of its compounds have been determined experimentally using an Ultra-LEGe detector with resolution 150 eV at 5.9 keV. The samples were excited 5.96 keV photons emitted from a 55Fe radioisotope source with 50 mCi activity. The experimental values of the K shell fluorescence parameters have been compared with the experimental and theoretical values available in the literature for pure Ti.     

药品近红外光谱通用性定量模型评价参数的选择

为寻找药品近红外通用性定量模型在建立过程中用于确立最优模型的关键评价参数组合,收集整理了目前各种商品化化学计量学软件及文献中的13个常用于评价近红外定量模型的统计学参数,结合人用药品注册技术要求国际协调会对于药品定量分析方法验证基本要求,对92个药品近红外通用性定量分析模型的这些参数进行了计算和分析。通过对各个参数之间相互关系的研究,确定了适合于药品近红外通用性定量分析模型评价的参数组合,并统计出了这些参数的数值范围：用于模型准确性评价的关键参数为交叉验证均方根误差/预测均方根误差、平均相对偏差和相对分析误差;大部分交叉验证均方根误差/预测均方根误差结果在3%以内,其中交叉验证均方根误差在数值上与平均绝对偏差相当,大部分相对分析误差值大于2,而平均相对偏差的数值与所建模型的类型(剂型、样品的包装形式)和待测成分含量的分布有关。模型线性评价关键参数为决定系数;大部分模型的决定系数在80%～100%之间。模型耐用性关键评价参数为预测均方根误差与交叉验证均方根误差的比值,大部分模型该参数在1.5以内。精密度评价关键参数为重复测定结果的标准差;该参数对于规范近红外的操作,以及考核模型能否在不同仪器间传递具有重要的意义,但目前药品近红外通用性定量模型对于分析精密度的关注较少,无法估计出具体数值范围。该研究不仅为药品近红外通用性模型的建立者和使用者提供了评价模型优劣的依据,也为完善药品近红外光谱通用性定量分析模型的参数评价体系提供了基础数据。     

Study of the temperature rise induced by a focusing transducer with a wide aperture angle on biological tissue containing ribs

We used the spheroidal beam equation to calculate the sound field created by focusing a transducer with a wide aperture angle to obtain the heat deposition, and then we used the Pennes bioheat equation to calculate the temperature field in biological tissue with ribs and to ascertain the effects of rib parameters on the temperature field. The results show that the location and the gap width between the ribs have a great influence on the axial and radial temperature rise of multilayer biological tissue. With a decreasing gap width, the location of the maximum temperature rise moves forward; as the ribs are closer to the transducer surface, the sound energy that passes through the gap between the ribs at the focus decreases,the maximum temperature rise decreases, and the location of the maximum temperature rise moves forward with the ribs.     

The absorption spectrum of phosphine (PH3) between 2.8 and 3.7 μm: Line positions, intensities, and assignments

Over 8000 line positions and intensities of phosphine (PH₃) at 3 μm have been measured at 0.0115 cm⁻¹ resolution with the McMath-Pierce Fourier Transform spectrometer at Kitt Peak. The observed line intensities ranged from 4.13 × 10⁻⁶ to 4.69 × 10⁻² cm⁻² atm⁻¹ at 296 K, for line positions between 2724.477 and 3601.652 cm⁻¹. This region spans eight interacting vibrational states: 3ν₂ (2940.8 cm⁻¹), 2ν₂ + ν₄ (3085.6 cm⁻¹), ν₂ + 2ν₄ (3214.9 cm⁻¹), ν₁ + ν₂ (3307.6 cm⁻¹), ν₂ + ν₃ (3310.5 cm⁻¹), 3ν₄ (∼3345 cm⁻¹), ν₁ + ν₄ (3426.9 cm⁻¹), and ν₃ + ν₄ (3432.9 cm⁻¹). Assignments have been determined for all the bands except 3ν₄ (a weak band in a highly congested area) for a total of 4232 transitions. The total integrated intensity for this region is 5.70 cm⁻² atm⁻¹ near 296 K, and assigned lines account for 79% of the observed absorption. The two strongest bands in the region are ν₁ + ν₄ and ν₃ + ν₄ with band strengths at 296 K of 1.61 and 2.01 cm⁻² atm⁻¹, respectively. An empirical database of PH₃ line parameters (positions, intensities, and assignments) is now available. Lower state energies (corresponding to assignments from this study) and line widths from the literature are included; default values are used for unassigned features.     

Determination and analysis of dispersive optical constant of TiO2 and Ti2O3 thin films

Electron beam evaporation technique was used to prepare TiO₂ and Ti₂O₃ thin films onto glass substrates of thicknesses 50, 500 and 1000 nm for each sample. The structural investigations revealed that the as-deposited films are amorphous in nature. Transmittance measurements in the wavelength range (350-2000 nm) were used to calculate the refractive index n and the absorption index k using Swanepoel's method. The optical constants such as optical band gap , optical conductivity σ_opt, complex dielectric constant, relaxation time τ and dissipation factor tan δ were determined. The analysis of the optical absorption data revealed that the optical band gap E_g was indirect transitions. The optical dispersion parameters E_o and E_d were determined according to Wemple and Didomenico method.     

Characterization of semiconductor laser frequency chirp based on signal distortion in dispersive optical fiber

In the paper, the simple method of laser chirp parameters estimation is presented. It is based on measuring time-domain distortions of chirped signal transmitted through dispersive fiber and finding laser chirp parameters by matching measured distortions to calculated ones. Experiments undertaken with 1.55 μm telecommunication grade distributed feedback (DFB) lasers and standard single-mode fiber are described, together with some practical remarks on measurement setup and main conclusions.     

基于广义极值的混沌电场峰值分布研究

通过分析峰值分布及广义极值分布理论关于混沌电场峰值分布的特点,获得一种混沌电场峰值分布的计算方法,结合Bootstrap重采样技术,提出了混沌电场峰值分布参数估计方法,该方法吸取了重采样技术估计的优点,对分布参数置信区间的估计更为准确、实用。以蒙特卡罗仿真和某机械搅拌混响室内电场数据为实例,结果表明,与传统的正态近似法、百分位法、BC-t等方法相比,其计算结果与实际结果更为吻合,证明了该方法具有更高的准确度。     

The influence of thermally assisted tunneling on the performance of charge trapping memory

We evaluate the influence of the thermally assisted tunneling (TAT) mechanism on charge trapping memory (CTM) cell performance by numerical simulation, and comprehensively analyse the effects of the temperature, trap depth, distribution of trapped charge, gate voltage and parameters of TAT on erasing/programming speed and retention performance. TAT is an indispensable mechanism in CTM that can increase the detrapping probability of trapped charge. Our results reveal that the TAT effect causes the sensitivity of cell performance to temperature and it could affect the operational speed, especially for the erasing operation. The results show that the retention performance degrades compared with when the TAT mechanism is ignored.     

场效应器件低温特性与低噪声放大器

高温超导滤波器与低噪声放大器(LNA)组成的射频接收机前端设备具有高选择性、高灵敏度和极低的噪声,因而展现出广阔的应用前景.本文研究了场效应器件的低温物理特性和电学参数,研制了一种适用于高温超导微波接收系统的低温低噪声放大器,在60K工作温度下,具有很好的噪声特性.包括高电子迁移率场效应晶体管在内的元件参数均在60K温度下进行了实际测量.放大器的各项指标与设计值吻合,工作频段为800MHz～850MHz,增益大于18dB,输入输出驻波比小于1.2,噪声系数小于0.22dB.