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51.
Functionalization of polymers by grafting monomeric species on to the backbone of molecular chains with the use of γ-radiation
has been used extensively. In this work methacrylic acid was grafted onto a commercial grade of polycaproamide (Nylon 6) by
preirradiating the polymer granules to 15 kGy at a rate of 1.0 kGy per hour and subsequently immersing these in a 10% aqueous
solution of methacrylic acid in the presence of small quantities of FeSO4 as homopolymerization inhibitor. The polymer was subsequently neutralized by mixing it with zinc acetylacetonate in a laboratory
scale melt mixing device. The acid-grafting polymer modification resulted in an increase in glass transition temperature,
while the addition of zinc acetylacetonate gave rise to two transitions: The lower transition corresponds to a miscible mixture
of free polyamide and acid-grafted polymer, both plasticized with undecomposed zinc compound, while the upper transition corresponds
to the zinc salt of the acid grafted polyamide. Through rheological measurements it was shown that both the acid-grafted polymer
and the derived zinc salt have a branched structure, possibly containing also some crosslinked domains. Large improvements
in solvent resistance were observed for both type of polymer modifications.
Received: 13 December 1996 Accepted: 10 February 1997 相似文献
52.
A new series of thiophene‐ and furan‐containing chromophores with a chiral prolinol donor and a sulfone acceptor has been synthesized. The UV‐vis absorptions, second‐order nonlinear optical properties, and X‐ray crystal structures are described. 相似文献
53.
A chiral stationary phase (CSP) based on (-)-(18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid was evaluated for the direct resolution of the enantiomers of dipeptides and tripeptides. The type and concentration of the acid and the methanol content were optimized with regard to retention time and resolution using Ala-Phe as model peptide. A mobile phase consisting of 10 mM sulfuric acid in 70% aqueous methanol was applied to the separation of a set of 16 structurally diverse dipeptides and tripeptides. Generally, the configuration of the amino acid at the N-terminus determined the enantiomer elution order. With a few exceptions the LL- and LD-enantiomers interacted stronger with the CSP compared to the corresponding DD- or DL-enantiomers. The experimental conditions also allowed the simultaneous separation of all four stereoisomers of Ala-Phe. Addition of ammonium sulfate generally reduced retention times and enantiomer resolution. Addition of triethylamine as modifier led to an overall increase of the retention times while the resolution did not show a general trend, increasing in the case of Ala-Ala but decreasing in the case of Ala-Phe. 相似文献
54.
Andrea Basso 《Tetrahedron letters》2004,45(3):587-590
Intramolecular Ugi reactions with bicyclic β-amino acids have been performed and the effects of the configuration and N-alkylation have been studied. We have proven that preferential ring contraction or nucleophilic attack by the solvent depend not only on the presence of N-alkylation but also on the relative disposition of the carboxyl group and the amine. Excellent results in terms of stereoselectivity have been obtained in the case of N-alkyl-3-exo-amino-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]-2-endo-carboxylic acids. 相似文献
55.
Peroxisomicine A1 is a potentially antineoplastic compound isolated from the seeds of Karwinskia parvifolia. It is considered as a useful chemotype for the preparation of topoisomerase II targeted anticancer cells. Stereochemically, it is characterized by the presence of two stereocenters and a rotationally hindered and thus likewise stereogenic biaryl axis. In this contribution, the absolute configuration of peroxisomicine A1 and its epimer, peroxisomicine A2, was established by means of a five-step degradative procedure giving the respective R- and S-configured methyl 2-(2′-methyl-5′-oxotetrahydrofuryl)acetates. The configuration of the degradation product was obtained by means of optical rotation, 1H NMR analysis using a chiral displacement reagent, and by experimental and quantum chemical circular dichroism (CD) investigations. Based on the results obtained here and considering our previous work on the relative configuration at centers versus axis of these compounds, peroxisomicine A1 resulted to be the P,3S,3′S-isomer and peroxisomicine A2 the P,3R,3′S-isomer. 相似文献
56.
A simple liquid chromatographic method was developed for the separation and quantification of voriconazole and its enantiomer
in drug substance. The separation was achieved on Chiral cel-OD (250 mm × 4.6 mm × 10 μm) using mobile phase consisting of
n-hexane and ethanol in the ratio 9:1 (v/v) with a flow rate of 1.0 mL min−1, at 27 °C column temperature and detection at 254 nm with an injection volume of 20 μL. Ethanol was used as diluent. The
method is capable of detecting the (2S, 3R) enantiomer down to 0.0075% and can quantify down to 0.021% with respect to sample concentration. The method is rapid and
the resolution achieved was about 3.0. This method can be employed for the quantification of (2S, 3R) enantiomer in voriconazole drug substance. 相似文献
57.
Mathis B. Hodge 《Tetrahedron》2004,60(42):9397-9403
The addition of chlorotitanium enolates of N-acetyl isopropyl thiazolidine-2-thione to aldehydes was investigated. The stereoselectivity of the aldol products was controlled by the number of equivalents of base added. The syn aldol product was obtained preferentially when 2 equiv of Lewis acid and 1 equiv of base were employed. The anti aldol product was obtained preferentially when 1 equiv of Lewis acid and 2 equiv of base were employed for unsaturated aldehydes. Unexpected results were found with hindered aldehydes when 2 equiv of base were employed. 相似文献
58.
手性5-l-(艹孟)氧基丁内酯并[3,4-d]-3-取代基-异(口恶)唑啉类化合物的合成 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了手性元5-(R)-(l-(艹孟)氧基)-2(5H)-呋喃酮与取代苯甲醛肟以次氯酸钙作为氧化剂进行的区域选择性原位1,3-偶极环加成反应,同步生成两个新的手性中心,得到了一系列光学纯丁内酯并[3,4-d]-3-取代基-异(口恶)唑啉类化合物;应用波谱学手段及X射线单晶衍射法确证了产物的绝对构型,并对产物的核磁共振氢谱规律性加以总结. 相似文献
59.
A chiral base route to a range of highly functionalised amino cyclopentenes has been developed. The key asymmetric step involved the chiral lithium amide base-mediated rearrangement of a protected trans-4-hydroxy cyclopentene oxide to give an allylic alcohol (88% ee). Subsequent Overman rearrangement gave a protected trans-1,2-aminocyclopentenol whereas Mitsunobu substitution with BocNHNs gave a protected cis-amino cyclopentenol. Both are proven intermediates for natural product synthesis. The protected cis-aminocyclopentenol was transformed in a few steps into a precursor of the cyclopentene core of nucleoside Q, a natural product whose deficiency in animals is related to tumour growth. 相似文献
60.
Improved quantification limits in chiral capillary electrochromatography by peak compression effects
The peak compression effect has been applied to improve quantification limits in chiral capillary electrochromatography (CEC). A stationary phase based on the chiral selector vancomycin (Chirobiotic V) was used for separations of the enantiomers of mianserin. By adding solvents with a low dielectric constant, e.g. 2-propanol or tetrahydrofuran, to the sample solution, peak compression could be induced. The plate numbers for the minor enantiomer increased from approximately 100,000 to 1.4-1.6 million plates/m, when the composition of the mobile phase was adjusted so that the analyte eluted within either one of two system zones originating from the sample solution. A 10-fold improvement in the quantification limit for the minor enantiomer was obtained compared to elution under non-focused conditions. 相似文献