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41.
In recent years a two-scale expansion was established to study reactions of the type NN→NNπ within chiral perturbation theory. Then the diagrams of some subclasses that are invariant under the choice of the pion field no longer appear at the same chiral order. In this Letter we show that the proposed expansion still leads to well defined results. We also discuss the appropriate choice of the heavy baryon propagator. 相似文献
42.
We investigated iron and cobalt films with 20% carbon concentration with nanocrystalline structure. One of the aims of this work is to analyze the physical nature of high-speed structural self-assembling as often happens in explosive crystallization processes in these films. 相似文献
43.
Amylopectin tris(phenylcarbamate) has been evaluated as a chiral stationary phase for HPLC; the influence on its cptical resolving capabilities of mobile phase composition and nature of the alcohol used as modifier has been studied. Separation and resolution of twelve arylalcohol racemates were examined. In most instances, the stationary phase exhibited high optical resolving capacity. 相似文献
44.
Gui-Chang Wang Ling Jiang Yoshitada Morikawa Junji Nakamura Zun-Sheng Cai Yin-Ming Pan Xue-Zhuang Zhao 《Surface science》2004,570(3):205-217
The adsorption behavior and thermal activation of carbon dioxide on the Cu(1 1 1), Cu(1 0 0), and Cu(1 1 0) surfaces have been investigated by means of density functional theory calculations and cluster models and periodic slabs. According to the cluster models, the optimized results indicate that the basis set of C and O atoms has a distinct effect on the adsorption energy, but an indistinct one on the equilibrium geometry. For the CO2/Cu(hkl) adsorption systems studied here, the final structure of adsorbed CO2 is near linear and the preferred modes for the adsorption of CO2 onto the Cu(1 1 1), Cu(1 0 0), and Cu(1 1 0) surfaces are the side-on adsorption at the cross bridge site with an adsorption energy of 13.06 kJ/mol, the side-on adsorption at the short bridge site (13.54 kJ/mol), and the end-on adsorption on the on-top site with C–O bonds located along the short bridge site (26.01 kJ/mol), respectively. However, the calculated adsorption energies from periodic slabs are lower as compared to the experimental data as well as the cluster model data, indicating that the periodic slab approach of generalized gradient approximation in the density function theory may be not suitable to obtain quantitative information on the interaction of CO2 with Cu(hkl) surfaces. 相似文献
45.
Hynd Remita Prem Felix Siril Israel-Martyr Mbomekalle Bineta Keita Louis Nadjo 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2006,10(7):506-511
Three Pt-based catalysts prepared in different radiolytic conditions and supported on graphite powder were packed into a carbon paste electrode configuration. They were compared to each other, to the commercial (Pt) deposited on activated carbon powder (Johnson Matthey) and to pure Vulcan XC-72 for their respective abilities toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The Tafel parameters were determined for all these electrodes. From the I–V curves and their quantitative treatment, the following order of activity emerged unambiguously and reads: (PtCO)2 (fcc structure) > (PtCO)1 (Chini cluster) > (Pt)neat > (Pt)JM (Johnson Matthey) ≫ (Vulcan XC-72). As expected, all the Pt-loaded electrodes were more efficient than Vulcan XC-72. The classification appears to be linked with the mean nanoparticle size, and for comparable sizes, with the surface morphology of the materials. The results and the stability of the electrodes suggest that the small particle sizes and the good dispersity on the carbon support were maintained during the HER. 相似文献
46.
Near-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS) is widely used to probe the chemistry and structure of surface layers. Moreover, using ultra-high brilliance polarised synchrotron light sources, it is possible to determine the molecular alignment of ultra-thin surface films. However, the quantitative analysis of NEXAFS data is complicated by many experimental factors and, historically, the essential methods of calibration, normalisation and artefact removal are presented in the literature in a somewhat fragmented manner, thus hindering their integrated implementation as well as their further development. This paper outlines a unified, systematic approach to the collection and quantitative analysis of NEXAFS data with a particular focus upon carbon K-edge spectra. As a consequence, we show that current methods neglect several important aspects of the data analysis process, which we address with a combination of novel and adapted techniques. We discuss multiple approaches in solving the issues commonly encountered in the analysis of NEXAFS data, revealing the inherent assumptions of each approach and providing guidelines for assessing their appropriateness in a broad range of experimental situations. 相似文献
47.
Fan Fu 《Tetrahedron letters》2006,47(25):4267-4269
A chiral indium(III) complex prepared from indium triflate and a pybox ligand has been developed to give good yields and enantioselectivities (up to 92% ee) in the addition of (1-methoxy-2-methyl-propenyloxy)-trimethylsilane to various aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes via the Mukaiyama aldol reaction. 相似文献
48.
Chiral separations by host-guest complexation with cyclodextrin and crown ether in capillary zone electrophoresis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary Capillary zone electrophoresis using cyclodextrins and a chiral crown ether as buffer constituents was studied for the enantiomeric separation of drugs and amino acids. Based on results obtained from separation of racemic -amino acids both chiral selectors are compared with respect to resolution, efficiency and retention time. For (±)-Quinagolide effects of buffer composition and temperature are examined using -cyclodextrin as chiral agent. Optimum conditions were pH 2.5 at 30 mmol L–1 -cyclodextrin. A linear dependence of retention on -cyclodextrin concentration allowed calculation of formation constants of the host-guest complexes. Buffer concentration and temperature also influence resolution. The application of a chiral crown ether to the separation of optical isomers in capillary zone electrophoresis is described for the first time. Chiral recognition of solutes depends on the formation of protonated alkyl amines and separation is attributed to the formation of diastereomeric host-guest complexes with different interactions for each enantiomer. The effects of crown ether concentration on resolution are presented. 相似文献
49.
Summary Chiral recognition of many enantiomeric solutes by a chiral amide stationary phase is based mainly on hydrogen bonding. A
chiral-recognition-factor CHI is proposed, given by the difference of the enthalpy change in the enantiomer discrimination,
standardized with respect to the specific interaction of the solutes with the diamide core of the stationary phase. The r?le
of the entropy part is also discussed. By extrapolation of the retention behaviour to elevated temperature, peak inversion
of enantiomers is predicted.
Presented at the 15th International Symposium on Chromatography, Nürnberg, October 1984 相似文献
50.
Carbon Nanotubes in Analytical Sciences 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Arben Merkoçi 《Mikrochimica acta》2006,152(3-4):157-174