V2O5·xH2O-BiVO4纳米复合材料的可控合成和可见光响应的光催化性质

以单斜相V2O5·xH2O纳米线为前驱物,在温和条件下合成出V2O5·xH2O-BiVO4复合光催化剂.为理解产物的物相含量、形貌和光催化性质随合成时间延长而变化的情况,利用X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪以及光催化性质测试实验对三个典型的V2O5·xH2O-BiVO4样品(分别在反应6、12和24 h获得)进行了研究.分析结果表明:V2O5·xH2O-BiVO4纳米复合材料由V2O5·xH2O纳米线和BiVO4纳米晶组成,并且随合成反应时间的延长,产物中V2O5·xH2O纳米线的含量逐渐减少而BiVO4纳米晶的含量逐渐增加.光催化性质测试结果表明:V2O5·xH2O-BiVO4复合光催化剂在可见光(λ>400 nm)辐射下降解亚甲基蓝时表现出了提高的光催化效率,其中在反应12 h获得的V2O5·xH2O-BiVO4样品体现出最好的光催化活性,这可能是由于其适当的组分含量和特殊的微结构有利于半导体激发和染料激发两种光催化机理的协同作用.     

Influence of acidification on the optical properties and molecular composition of dissolved organic matter

Acidification is a common method for preserving dissolved organic matter (DOM) in natural water samples until sophisticated laboratory analyses can be performed. However, little is known about the effects of this practice on the composition and optical properties of DOM. In this study, the effects of acidification on DOM in porewater samples collected from the RL IV bog system of the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatlands in northern Minnesota were characterized. Molecular composition was determined by ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry and optical properties by UV absorption and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. Excitation–emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy results indicate that the fluorescence properties of the peatland porewater DOM were sensitive to pH and that the observed changes were fluorophore dependent. Ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry revealed the appearance of newly formed, oxygen-rich compounds upon acidification. The extent to which these oxygen-rich compounds were formed was also dependent on the composition of the DOM.     

Computation of distribution of minimum resolution for log-normal distribution of chromatographic peak heights

General equations are derived for the distribution of minimum resolution between two chromatographic peaks, when peak heights in a multi-component chromatogram follow a continuous statistical distribution. The derivation draws on published theory by relating the area under the distribution of minimum resolution to the area under the distribution of the ratio of peak heights, which in turn is derived from the peak-height distribution. Two procedures are proposed for the equations' numerical solution. The procedures are applied to the log-normal distribution, which recently was reported to describe the distribution of component concentrations in three complex natural mixtures. For published statistical parameters of these mixtures, the distribution of minimum resolution is similar to that for the commonly assumed exponential distribution of peak heights used in statistical-overlap theory. However, these two distributions of minimum resolution can differ markedly, depending on the scale parameter of the log-normal distribution. Theory for the computation of the distribution of minimum resolution is extended to other cases of interest. With the log-normal distribution of peak heights as an example, the distribution of minimum resolution is computed when small peaks are lost due to noise or detection limits, and when the height of at least one peak is less than an upper limit. The distribution of minimum resolution shifts slightly to lower resolution values in the first case and to markedly larger resolution values in the second one. The theory and numerical procedure are confirmed by Monte Carlo simulation.     

Analysis of Iranian rosemary essential oil: application of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with chemometrics

This paper focuses on characterization of the components of Iranian rosemary essential oil using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Multivariate curve resolution (MCR) approach was used to overcome the problem of background, baseline offset and overlapping/embedded peaks in GC-MS. The analysis of GC-MS data revealed that sixty eight components exist in the rosemary essential oil. However, with the help of MCR this number was extended to ninety nine components with concentrations higher than 0.01%, which accounts for 98.23% of the total relative content of the rosemary essential oil. The most important constituents of the Iranian rosemary are 1,8-cineole (23.47%), α-pinene (21.74%), berbonone (7.57%), camphor (7.21%) and eucalyptol (4.49%).     

离子色谱法测定化肥中六种阴离子

提出了离子色谱法同时测定化肥中6种无机阴离子的方法。化肥试样经水超声浸取,采用C18固相萃取柱和Ba固相萃取柱净化,萃取液中氟离子、氯离子、亚硝酸根、溴离子、碘离子、硫氰酸根以IonPac AS18(250 mm×4 mm)为分析柱、IonPac AG18(50 mm×4 mm)为保护柱,氢氧化钾溶液梯度洗脱分离并用电导检测器同时测定了6种阴离子的含量。6种阴离子的检出限(3S/N)在0.001 2~0.013 5 mg.L-1之间。方法的加标回收率在78.9%~103.0%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.61%~6.5%之间。     

Synthesis of Chiral 2‐Aroyl‐1‐tetralols: Asymmetric Transfer Hydrgenation of 2‐Aroyl‐1‐tetralones via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution

The dynamic kinetic resolution of 2‐aroyl‐1‐tetralones was achieved via asymmetric transfer hydrogenation using (S,S)‐RuCl(p‐cymene)TsDPEN (TsDPEN=N‐(tosyl)‐1,2‐diphenylethylenediamine) in formic acid/triethyl‐ amine (5:2, molar ratio), afforded the desired products in good yields (up to 85%) with diastereomeric ratio up to >99:1 and high enantiomeric excesses (up to >99%). The absolute configuration of major the product was confirmed by X‐ray crystal structure analysis.     

A novel way to synthesize Pb nanotapes in liquid ammonia

Lead nanotapes were synthesized in liquid ammonia solvent in the presence of sodium metal at low temperature.The process was template free.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) observations and X-ray diffraction(XRD) characterizations revealed that the as-prepared Pb nanotapes have average diameters in the range of 40-50 nm.and lengths up to several hundred nanometers, and exhibit cubic crystal structures.     

茂铁基二氢吡唑类衍生物的液相色谱分离研究

本文利用梯度洗脱进行溶剂强度的优化,确定分离一组化合物的最佳二元流动相体系,即甲醇-水、四氢呋喃-水和乙腈-水,将这三种二元流动相的最佳组成作为溶剂选择性三角形的三个顶点,利用ORM法对流动相进行优化选择,得到流动相的最佳组成和配比为V乙腈:V四氢呋喃:V水=33.75:33:33.25,有效地分离了六种二茂铁取代二氢...     

顺式-4-氨基环戊-2-烯-1-羧酸的手性拆分

采用(±)-2-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚-5-烯-3-酮开环酯化路线,以酒石酸为拆分试剂制得L-酒石酸(1S,4R) -4-氨基环戊-2-烯-1-羧酸甲酯(4),总收率45.5％,光学纯度99％.由4可合成制备帕拉米韦的中间体顺式-4-氨基环戊-2-烯-1-羧酸.     

化学酶法动态动力学拆分胺类化合物研究进展

论述了动态动力学拆分的原理,介绍了化学酶法拆分消旋体胺类化合物的反应和近年来的研究进展;指出手性胺是构成许多中间体的基础化合物,化学酶法动态动力学拆分是制备单一手性胺类化合物的重要方法.