Internal radiocesium contamination of adults and children in Fukushima 7 to 20 months after the Fukushima NPP accident as measured by extensive whole-body-counter surveys

The Fukushima Dai-ichi NPP accident contaminated the soil of densely-populated regions in Fukushima Prefecture with radioactive cesium, which poses significant risks of internal and external exposure to the residents. If we apply the knowledge of post-Chernobyl accident studies, internal exposures in excess of a few mSv/y would be expected to be frequent in Fukushima.Extensive whole-body-counter surveys (n = 32,811) carried out at the Hirata Central Hospital between October, 2011 and November, 2012, however show that the internal exposure levels of residents are much lower than estimated. In particular, the first sampling-bias-free assessment of the internal exposure of children in the town of Miharu, Fukushima, shows that the ¹³⁷Cs body burdens of all children (n = 1,383, ages 6–15, covering 95% of children enrolled in town-operated schools) were below the detection limit of 300 Bq/body in the fall of 2012. These results are not conclusive for the prefecture as a whole, but are consistent with results obtained from other municipalities in the prefecture, and with prefectural data.     

决定介质折射率因素的经典计算

就介质折射率的物理意义首先从理论上作了说明,然后从经典概念出发对介质折射率的表达式作了推导,指出了决定介质折射率的因素,即组成介质的原子结构、原子种类、每一个原子周围电子分布的情况及辐射的频率。通过理论计算和实验数值的对比表明,所推导出的结论及相关的计算方式是正确的,对介质折射率的研究和在特殊领域对折射率有一定要求的材料的制备具有一定的指导意义。     

用单光子计数系统检测微弱光信号

阐述了单光子计数实验中采用脉冲幅度甄别器和光子计数器测量光子数的实验原理,绘制了不同光照时间下的实验曲线,讨论了可能影响实验测量精度及产生误差的原因.     

Time-resolved imaging of latent fingerprints with nanosecond resolution

Imaging of latent fingerprints using time-resolved (TR) method offers a broader platform to eliminate the unwanted background emission. In this paper, a novel TR imaging technique is demonstrated and implemented, which facilitates the detection of latent fingerprints with nanosecond resolution. Simulated experiments were carried out with two overlapping fingerprints treated with two fluorescent powders having different lifetimes in nanosecond range. The dependence of the fluorescence emission intensity in nanosecond resolution of TR imaging is also revealed.     

Reduction in etching time for fission tracks in diallyl phthalate resin

Diallyl phthalate (DAP) resin plates were irradiated with fission fragments, and then etched in a conventional aqueous solution of KOH or a PEW solution containing ethanol, water and KOH. Etched tracks were observed and counted by using an optical microscope. The PEW solution made the fission tracks etch-pits clearer in an incomparably shorter etching time. The large and round etch-pits developed on a smooth surface were convenient for optical automatic counting. These etching characteristics of DAP in a PEW solution are suitable for quantitative analysis of fissionable materials and neutron dosimetry.     

Degree of fourth-order coherence by double Hanbury Brown—Twiss detections

<正>Photon quantum statistics of light can be shown by the high-order coherence.The fourth-order coherences of various quantum states including Fock states,coherent states,thermal states and squeezed vacuum states are investigated based on a double Hanbury Brown-Twiss(HBT) scheme.The analytical results are obtained by taking the overall efficiency and background into account.