广东干草化学成分的研究

从干草中分离出五个化合物，并分别并鉴定为β－谷甾醇，香豆酸，棕榈酸，木樨草素和柯伊利素。     

Effects of Centella asiatica extract on antioxidant status and liver metabolome of rotenone‐treated rats using GC–MS

Centella asiatica has been used as a culinary vegetable or medicinal herb. In this study, the hepatoprotective effect of the standardized extract of C. asiatica (ECa233) in rotenone‐treated rats was examined using a GC–MS‐based metabolomic approach. ECa233 contains >80% triterpenoids with a ratio of madecassoside to asiaticoside of 1.5(±0.5):1. Rats were randomly divided into three groups (with six rats/group): sham negative control, rotenone positive control and the ECa233 test group. Rats in the ECa233 group received 10 mg/kg ECa233 orally for 20 days, followed by 2.5 mg/kg intraperitoneal rotenone injection to induce toxicity before being sacrificed. Metabolomic analysis showed that supplementation of ECa233 protected rat liver against rotenone toxicity. Pipecolinic acid was one of the most important metabolites; its level was decreased in the rotenone group as compared with the control. Supplementation with ECa233 before administration of rotenone raised pipecolinic acid to levels intermediate between controls and rotenone alone. The metabolomics approach also helped discover a possible new genuine epimetabolite in the present work. Antioxidant tests revealed that ECa233 inhibited lipid peroxidation and increased catalase activities in liver tissue.     

发现于温州的浙江植物区系新资料

报道了发现于温州的2个浙江植物分布新记录属和4个新记录种,2个新记录属分别是吻兰属(Collabium Bl.)和刺蕊草属(Pogostemon Desf.),4个新记录种分别是台湾吻兰(Collabium formosanum Hayata)、翘距虾脊兰(Calanthe aristulifera Rchb. f.)、水珍珠菜(Pogostemon auricularius (Linn.) Kassk.)和疏花车前(Plantago asiatica Linn. subsp. erosa (Wall.) Z Y LI).凭证标本保存于温州大学标本馆(WZU).     

大粒车前子多糖组分PLP-1的结构表征

研究了由大粒车前子多糖分离纯化所得组分PLP-1的一级精细结构特征. 通过单糖组成分析、部分酸水解及甲基化分析,并结合NMR,GC和GC-MS等技术测定了PLP-1的一级结构. 结果表明,PLP-1由Ara（33.98%）,Xyl（58.23%）,Rha（2.36%）,Glc（2.23%）,Gal（2.36%）和Man（0.83%）组成,糖醛酸以GlcA形式存在. PLP-1中主要糖残基有α-T-linked Araf（9.58%）,β-T-linked Xylp（8.71%）,α-1,3-linked Araf（18.22%）,β-1,3-linked Xylp（8.05%）,β-1,4-linked Xylp（5.85%）,β-1,2,4-linked Xylp（16.98%）和β-1,3,4-linked Xylp（27.52%）,GlcA以α-T-linked GlcAp形式存在;此外还有1,2-linked Rhap,T-linked Glcp,1,6-linked Glcp,T-linked Galp,1,3-linked Galp和1,3,6-linked Galp等少量其它残基. 根据所得结果推断出PLP-1可能的一级结构.     

Molecular properties and immunomodulatory activities of a water-soluble heteropolysaccharide isolated from Plantago asiatica L. leaves

This study aims at investigating physical–chemical properties of a water-soluble heteropolysaccharide from Plnatago asiatica L. leaves, and its immunomodulatory effects on macrophages RAW264.7 cells. Hot water-extracted crude polysaccharide from the plant leaves (PLLCP) was fractionated into four fractions by DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow eluted with 0.1–0.5 M NaCl solutions. The most abundant fraction (0.3 M NaCl elution), designated PLLP-2, was identified as a heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight (M_w) of 3.54 × 10⁴ and composed mainly of Gal (34.4%), GalA (36.5%), Ara (10.1%) and Rha (8.4%). PLLP-2 was an acidic polysaccharide exhibiting inflaky curly aggregation with smooth surface. PLLCP and its main subfraction PLLP-2 displayed immunomodulatory activities by stimulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-1β in macrophage RAW264.7 cells. These results indicate that the main polysaccharide fraction purified from P. asiatica L. leaves is probably pectin, and have potential immunomodulatory function.     

基于高效阴离子色谱-脉冲安培法优化阿拉伯木聚精单精组成分析

以大粒车前子来源阿拉伯木聚糖为研究对象,采用完全酸水解结合高效阴离子色谱-脉冲安培法测定单糖组成,系统优化酸的种类和浓度、水解温度和时间、水解后样品放置时间等水解条件.结果表明,将车前子多糖置于2 mol/L H2 SO4、120℃常压油浴条件下水解2 h时,效果较好,但水解后稀释液放置时间不宜超过6 h.大粒车前子多糖主要由阿拉伯糖(8.89%)和木糖(41.52%)组成,同时检测出半乳糖醛酸(0.73%)、葡萄糖醛酸(3.44%)和微量的半乳糖、葡萄糖,结果重现性良好.利用上述最优条件水解黍子壳、燕麦麸皮和青稞来源阿拉伯木聚糖并分析单糖组成,均获得较好结果.本研究为分析各种来源阿拉伯木聚糖的单糖组成提供了参考.     

不同产地积雪草中的微量元素比较研究

用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定了７个不同产地的中药材积雪草中８种微量元素Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｏ、Ｃｄ、Ｓｒ、Ｃｒ的含量,并进行了比较,结果表明中药材中微量元素含量因地而异。为药材道 地性研究,药理作用探讨及临床用药提供了依据。     

Two New Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from Centella asiatica

Two new pentacyclic triterpenoids, named centelloside D ( 1 ) and centelloside E ( 9 ), together with the seven known compounds 2 – 8 , were isolated from the whole plants of Centella asiatica. Compound 5 was reported for the first time from this genus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral analysis, including 1D ‐ and 2D ‐NMR, and HR‐MS experiments, and by comparison with literature data. Compounds 1 – 4, 6 , and 8 did not show any cytotoxicity against L929 (mouse embryonic fibroblast).     

New Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from Centella asiatica

Three new pentacyclic triterpenoids, named centellasaponins G, H, and F ( 1 – 3 , resp.), together with four known compounds, 4 – 7 , were isolated from the whole plants of Centella asiatica. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral analysis, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR and HR‐MS experiments, and by comparison with literature data.     

Three New Cycloartane Triterpene Glycosides from Actaea asiatica

Three new cycloartane triterpene glycosides were isolated from the rhizomes of Actaea asiatica. Their structures were elucidated as 25-ethoxyl-cimigenol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside 1, 2'-O-acetyl soulieoside C 2, 2'-O-acetyl cimiracemoside M 3.