碳纤维的高温氧化动力学模型

碳纤维的高温氧化动力学模型唐龙贵（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所,杭州,３１００２７）关键词碳纤维,氧化,动力学,模型碳纤维是一种具有高比强度、高比模量、耐磨、导电等优良性能的骨架材料,是制造高性能复合材料的基础。它在宇航、军事等高技术工业领域得到了...     

碳纳米管的激光溅射产生

碳纳米管的激光溅射产生程大典,余荣清,刘朝阳,张强,王育煌,黄荣彬,詹梦熊,郑兰荪（固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,厦门大学化学系,厦门,３６１００５）关键词碳纳米管,激光溅射,碳球Ｓｍａｌｌｅｙ等［１］曾以脉冲激光束在超声分子束喷口的喉道处蒸发石墨...     

碳纤维的抗氧化处理

用硼化合物对碳纤维进行抗氧化处理,提高了纤维的高温抗氧化性能。用热分析、电子显显微镜、表面电子能谱和X射线衍射等进行了研究,结果表明:碳纤维经过硼化合物处理后,氧化活化能提高123.4%,热氧化分解点提高268℃,高温使用寿命提高许多倍,但物理机械性能变化不大。     

Palladium(II)-catalyzed carboxylation of benzene and other aromatic compounds with carbon monoxide under very mild conditions

Aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, anisole, and naphthalene were carboxylated by palladium(II) acetate catalyst with carbon monoxide in the presence of potassium peroxodisulfate in trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) at room temperature under atmospheric pressure. The aromatic carboxylic acids were formed in good yields; for example, the carboxylation of benzene with carbon monoxide proceeds quantitatively under the optimal conditions.     

聚碳酸亚丙酯聚氨酯的合成与性能

用ＣＯ２与环氧丙烷共聚产物聚碳酸亚丙酯制备出聚氨酯（ＰＰＣＰＵ）．同时探讨了ＰＰＣＰＵ最佳合成方法,考察了异氰酸酯基与羟基的比值、扩链交联剂用量等因素对其力学性能的影响．研究了ＰＰＣＰＵ的形态结构及其性能对配比的依赖关系．发现聚碳酸亚丙酯的耐热性因聚氨酯的形成而得到较大的改善,并发现该类材料具有优异的耐水性能．     

Ab Initio Study on The Influence of Spin State upon Bonding,Interaction in Fe—CO

Four Fe—CO states with 3d_σ-4s, 3d_δ-3d_δ electrons spin-paired or spinunpaired were examined to investigate the influences of pairing versus unpairing mechanisms upon the bonding, interaction in Fe—CO. The calculation results show that the Fe—CO bonding, interaction are determined by a balance between the bonding stabilization, the exchange stabilization with 3d_σ-4s electron spinpairing or without it. The 3d_δ-3d_δ electron spinpairing versus unpairing has a surprised effect on the Fe—CO bonding properties even though the 3d_δ orbitals are usually considered as non bonding ones.     

Hydrogen removal by annealing from C-doped InGaAs grown on InP by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

Hydrogen removal from C-doped InGaAs grown on InP substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition is discussed based on the dependence of hole concentration on various annealing conditions. It is revealed that the hydrogen removal rate becomes higher as the annealing temperature is higher and the activation energy of hydrogen removal is about 1.9 eV regardless of C-doped layer thickness. The hydrogen removal rate is also found to be inversely proportional to C-doped layer thickness, suggesting that the hydrogen removal reaction is mainly governed by hydrogen diffusion.     

Conversions of carbon monoxide oxidation over Pt−Rh alloy catalysts calculated by a new gas chromatographic technique

Summary Catalytic fractional conversions of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide over Pt−Rh alloy catalysts in the presence of excess oxygen, under steady-state or non steady-state conditions, as well as corresponding rate constants for the CO oxidation reaction were measured by using the reversed-flow gas chromatographic technique. From the variation of the conversions with temperature, maximum values of conversions were found, which depend on the catalysts nature (Pt content), while from the variation of the rate constants with temperature, activation energies for the CO oxidation reaction were determined, which also depend on the catalyst Pt content. The results suggest a synergism between Pt and Rh in the Pt−Rh bimetallic catalysts in accordance with previous works, showing that reversed-flow gas chromatography can be used with simplicity and accuracy for the kinetic study of the CO oxidation reaction, which is of technological importance for the control of air pollution.     

Mathematical modeling of TE CO2 laser with SF6 as a saturable absorber

A mathematical model describing the dynamic emission of a single mode TE CO₂ laser with saturable absorber has been adapted. A six-temperature model has been used to describe the amplifying medium, while a four-coupled energy level is used to describe the selective absorbing medium. The suggested mathematical model allows the investigation of the effects of the intracavity absorber on the mode characteristics of the TE CO₂ laser and, moreover, the study of the effect of the laser input parameters on the output laser pulse. The model simulates the passive Q-switch in both low- and high-pressure cases in the absorbing medium.

In addition, numerical solutions of a non-linear rate equation system of the suggested model are quantitatively discussed. The solutions describe the photon number density, the population inversion and the energy transfer processes of amplifying and absorbing media.     

C/Ni(OH)2非对称电化学电容器正极改性研究

在C／KOH／Ni(OH)2型非对称电化学电容体系中,Ni(OH)2电极需具有快速发生电化学反应的能力与活性炭负极匹配。本文通过增加微集流体的掺杂比例．对活性物质进行球磨处理、固相掺杂碳纳米管等方法对正极进行改性研究。实验发现,增加正极微集流体的掺杂比例．可明显改善非对称电容大电流条件下的容量和循环性能;对正极活性物质进行球磨处理,有利于电极活性物质的转变．加快非对称电容的活化速度;在正极固相掺杂一定比例的碳纳米管可提高非对称电容的充放电效率和容量性质。