有机锗化合物中碳氢的快速测定

报道了用Co3O4 作覆盖氧化剂分析有机锗化合物中碳氢元素的方法。通过对 9个样品的十几次分析 ,碳、氢的相对误差分别小于± 1.30 % ,4 .4 0 %。方法简便 ,结果稳定可靠 ,可用于含锗有机化合物的碳氢分析。     

超临界状态下炭基材料的储氢

评介了目前各种储氢方法，指出了炭基材料作为储氢材料的优势，综述了近年来纳米炭材料在储氢方面的进展，详细探讨了超临界状态下氢气在纳米孔隙中的吸附机理，并在此基础上提出了研究中的问题及进一步的研究方向。     

Fixed-bed adsorption of carbon dioxide/methane mixtures on silicalite pellets

The adsorption of carbon dioxide and methane on silicalite pellets packed on a fixed bed has been studied. Equilibrium and kinetic measurements of the adsorption of carbon dioxide and methane have been performed, and a binary adsorption isotherm for carbon dioxide/methane mixtures has been obtained. A model based on the LDF approximation for the mass transfer has been used to describe the breakthrough curves obtained experimentally. A PSA cycle has been proposed for obtaining methane with purity higher than 98% from carbon dioxide/methane mixtures containing 38% and 50% methane, and its performance has been simulated using the proposed model. The simulation results show that silicalite can be a suitable adsorbent for employment in a PSA separation process for carbon dioxide removal from coalseam and landfill gases.     

The Electrochemical Behavior of Keggin Polyoxometalate Modified by Tricyclic,Aromatic Entity

The inorganic‐organic hybrid polyoxometalates (POMs), (pbpy)₄H[PMo₁₂O₄₀(VO)] ( 1 ) and (pbpy)₄H₄[SiMo₁₂O₄₀] ( 2 ) (pbpy=5‐phenyl‐2‐(4‐pyridinyl)pyridine), have been synthesized and were, respectively, used as a solid bulkmodifier to fabricate a three‐dimensional bulk‐modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) by direct mixing. The electrochemical behavior and electrocatalysis of 1 and 2 modified CPE ( 1 ‐CPE and 2 ‐CPE) have been studied in detail. Both 1 ‐CPE and 2 ‐CPE show remarkable stability that can be ascribed to the doped organic conjugated pbpy, which is very important for practical applications in electrode modification.     

新疆阿克提什坎金矿床稀土元素地球化学研究

研究了新疆阿尔泰特地区阿克提什坎金矿床的稀土元素及矿区二长花岗岩平衡的热液中稀土元素的组成特征及配分模型，并应用Grang等位线方法讨论了热液蚀变作用过程中稀土元素的行为。研究表明，在热液蚀变作用过程中，稀土元素保持惰性，成矿热液与岩浆热液关系不大，成矿物质主要来源于围岩。     

Quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase modified carbon paste electrode for the detection of phenolic compounds

The development of an amperometric biosensor for the determination of phenolic compounds is described, using quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase. The enzyme is integrated into carbon paste and its ability to donate electrons to oxidized phenolic compounds during glucose oxidation is exploited. The sensor response is based on electrochemical oxidation of the phenolic compound followed by its enzymatic regeneration when the bulk solution contains glucose and the electrode is potentiostated at +500 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl/0.1 mol/L KCl). As the result of the catalytic analyte regeneration the electrodes offer very sensitive measurements of redox species like p-aminophenol and hydroquinone and catecholamines such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. The sensor performance is characterized for the different substrates. Highest sensitivity is achieved for p-aminophenol which could be determined at sub-nanomolar level.     

Nanowire‐Based Electrochemical Biosensors

We review recent advances in biosensors based on one‐dimensional (1‐D) nanostructure field‐effect transistors (FET). Specifically, we address the fabrication, functionalization, assembly/alignment and sensing applications of FET based on carbon nanotubes, silicon nanowires and conducting polymer nanowires. The advantages and disadvantages of various fabrication, functionalization, and assembling procedures of these nanosensors are reviewed and discussed. We evaluate how they have been used for detection of various biological molecules and how such devices have enabled the achievement of high sensitivity and selectivity with low detection limits. Finally, we conclude by highlighting some of the challenges researchers face in the 1‐D nanostructures research arena and also predict the direction toward which future research in this area might be directed.     

石墨烯的制备、功能化及在化学中的应用

石墨烯是最近发现的一种具有二维平面结构的碳纳米材料, 它的特殊单原子层结构使其具有许多独特的物理化学性质. 有关石墨烯的基础和应用研究已成为当前的前沿和热点课题之一. 本文仅就目前石墨烯的制备方法、功能化方法以及在化学领域中的应用作一综述, 重点阐述石墨烯应用于化学修饰电极、化学电源、催化剂和药物载体以及气体传感器等方面的研究进展, 并对石墨烯在相关领域的应用前景作了展望.     

Overwhelming electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction of zinc-nitrogen-carbon from biomass resource chitosan via a facile carbon bath method

Developing high efficiency and low cost electrocatalysts is critical for the enhancement of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which is the fundamental for the development and commercialization of renewable energy conversion technology. Herein, zinc-nitrogen-carbon (Zn-N-C) was prepared by using biomass resource chitosan via a facile carbon bath method. The obtained Zn-N-C delivered a high specific surface area (794.7 cm²/g) together with pore volume (0.49 cm³/g). During the electrochemical evaluation of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), Zn-N-C displayed high activity for ORR with an onset potential E₀ = 0.96 V_RHE and a half wave potential E_1/2 = 0.86 V_RHE, which were more positive than those of the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C benchmark catalyst (E₀ = 0.96 V_RHE and E_1/2 = 0.81 V_RHE). In addition, the Zn-N-C catalyst also had a better stability and methanol tolerance than those of the Pt/C catalyst.