Mechanical Behavior of Bulk Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Subjected to Simple Shear

Abstract

Mechanical behavior of bulk semicrystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) processed through simple shear is investigated. The equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) process was used to achieve the simple shear condition. The PET samples were processed in one and two ECAE passes in the same direction, with the sample rotated 180° about the extrusion axis for the second pass. Microstructural features at the nanometer and micrometer scales were studied by small‐angle x‐ray scattering (SAXS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SAXS results showed that at the nanometer scale, two types of lamellar orientations are induced in both samples, but with different extents of orientation. In the ECAE‐oriented PET structures on the micrometer scale, as revealed by SEM, are well‐defined macrofibrils. However, the fibrillar structures in the sample extruded once are more oriented than those in the sample extruded twice. Fractography investigations suggest that the ECAE‐induced fibrillar structure and stretched amorphous chains are responsible for the change in mechanical properties.     

基于生命期模型的无线传感器网络信道分配博弈算法

针对无线传感器网络中节点因干扰过大导致重传能耗增加, 进而节点过早失效、网络生命期缩短的问题, 根据网络拓扑信息和路由信息设计节点的负载模型, 从而构建了节点的生命期模型. 然后利用博弈论将路径增益、交叉干扰和节点生命期等性能参数融入到效益函数中, 构建信道分配博弈模型. 理论分析证明该博弈模型存在纳什均衡. 进而运用最佳回应策略, 在所构建的信道分配博弈模型的基础上, 设计了一种优化网络生命期的抗干扰信道分配算法. 该算法使节点在选择信道时避免与网络中交叉干扰较大的节点和生命期较小的节点使用相同信道, 实现干扰小、能耗低且均衡的信道选择. 理论分析与仿真结果证明该算法最终能够快速地收敛到纳什均衡, 且具有较小的信息复杂度, 从而减小算法本身的通信能耗. 同时, 该算法具有良好的抗干扰性和信道均衡性, 能够有效地延长网络生命期.     

Sum rates for multi-user MIMO vector perturbation precoding with regularization

In this paper, we analyze the sum rate performance of multiuser multi-antenna downlink channel. We consider Rayleigh fading environment when regularized vector perturbation precoding (R-VPP) method is used at the transmitter. We derive expressions for the sum rate in terms of the variance of the received signal. We also provide a closed form approximation for the mean squared error (MSE) which is shown to work well for the whole range of SNR. Further, we also propose a simpler expression for R-VPP sum rate based on MSE. The simulation results show that the proposed expressions for R-VPP sum rate closely match the sum rate found by the entropy estimation. Our results show that when compared with other linear and non-linear precoding methods (like zero-forcing precoder, linear minimum mean square error (MMSE) precoder and VPP), R-VPP sum rate performance is very close to DPC for all SNR values. It is also noted that the sum rate performance of the linear MMSE precoder is very close to the R-VPP at low to medium SNR range. Finally we also compared the merits of performing regularization for VPP as compared to the greedy rate maximizing user scheduling. It turns out that the R-VPP with or without user selection performs better than the VPP systems with user selection.     

Probing Planckian physics in de Sitter space with quantum correlations

We study the quantum correlation and quantum communication channel of both free scalar and fermionic fields in de Sitter space, while the Planckian modification presented by the choice of a particular α$\alpha$-vacuum has been considered. We show the occurrence of degradation of quantum entanglement between field modes for an inertial observer in curved space, due to the radiation associated with its cosmological horizon. Comparing with standard Bunch–Davies choice, the possible Planckian physics causes some extra decrement on the quantum correlation, which may provide the means to detect quantum gravitational effects via quantum information methodology in future. Beyond single-mode approximation, we construct proper Unruh modes admitting general α$\alpha$-vacua, and find a convergent feature of both bosonic and fermionic entanglements. In particular, we show that the convergent points of fermionic entanglement negativity are dependent on the choice of α$\alpha$. Moreover, an one-to-one correspondence between convergent points H_c$H_c$ of negativity and zeros of quantum capacity of quantum channels in de Sitter space has been proved.     

Investigation of Hybrid Optical Amplifiers for Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexed System with Reduced Spacings at Higher Bit Rates

Abstract

This article proposes various combinations of optical amplifiers for a dense wavelength division multiplexed system and investigates the impact of reduced channel spacing at high bit rates in terms of quality factor, bit error rate, eye closure, and output power. It is reported that the hybrid optical amplifier (Raman–erbium-doped fiber amplifier [EDFA]) provides better results with a maximum covered single span distance (220 km) at channel spacing of 6.25 GHz. The maximum acceptable bit rate for the 12.5-GHz channel spacing dense wavelength division multiplexed system is also investigated, and the recommendation is provided that for the Raman–EDFA, Raman–EDFA–Raman, EDFA–Raman–EDFA, and EDFA–semiconductor optical amplifier–EDFA, the operating bit rate should not be greater than 20, 16, 19, and 20 Gbps, respectively.     

一般WGHZ态和它的退纠缠与概率隐形传态

给出了一般纠缠的WGHZ态，然后利用所得一般WGHZ态导出了一般纠缠的不同的W态，得到了不同退纠缠的条件，一般WGHZ态取不同的复系数为零时，有不同的退纠缠，并可得到不同的W态和不同的一般的Bell基，以上对退纠缠的讨论结果与通常用密度矩阵的可分性得的退纠缠条件一致.通过构造一个5×5 对角投影变换矩阵,解决了使用一般纠缠量子信道并不再引入辅助态时，态畸变的恢复问题，并且这里的对角投影变换矩阵U_M也与以往文献的不同，而且还更直接，进而解决了不引入辅助态并使用一般纠缠信道纠缠的一般WGHZ态的概率隐形传态的问题,本文关于对角的投影变换矩阵U_M的变换方法等可以直接推广到任意一般纠缠信道的一般纠缠态的概率隐形传态. 关键词： 隐形传态 纠缠 W态 量子信道     

产能约束对闭环供应链回收渠道选择的影响

在制造商存在产能约束下,建立了再制造闭环供应链回收渠道决策的Stackelberg博弈模型,得出了三种回收渠道下的回收率、零售价以及制造商、零售商和供应链的利润,分析了制造商的生产能力对回收渠道决策的影响。研究表明:存在产能约束时,制造商回收渠道中的回收率总是最高的,这与无产能约束时零售商回收渠道中回收率最高的情况明显不同;同时,若废旧产品回收转移支付价格较低,制造商会选择自己回收,此时的零售价最低,制造商、零售商和供应链利润最高;若回收转移支付价格较高,制造商会选择零售商回收,此时的零售价最低,制造商和供应链利润最高。     

考虑专利保护和渠道偏好的再制造双渠道闭环供应链决策与协调

本文在电子商务环境下考虑消费者对零售渠道和直销渠道具有不同的渠道偏好,研究了专利许可零售商实施再制造的双渠道闭环供应链定价决策和协调问题。运用博弈论方法求得了集中决策和分散决策情形下的最优定价策略,并分析了消费者渠道偏好系数对节点企业最优定价策略及利润的影响。针对分散决策存在效率损失的问题,以集中决策的最优解为基准,通过联合运用一个由批发价格、直销价格和专利许可费构成的定价机制和一个利润分享机制,实现了双渠道闭环供应链的完美协调。     

分光光度法测定铋系超导材料中钙

在pH=10.6的NH3-NH4Cl缓冲溶液中,钙离子和酸性铬蓝K显色,于498nm波长处以试剂空白作参比,测定该显色液的吸光度。建立了铋系超导前驱粉(Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox)中直接测定钙含量的方法。试样中大量存在的锶不干扰测定,用柠檬酸溶液作掩蔽剂,消除了铜的干扰。ε=9.0×103L·mol-1·cm-1,Ca在0—50μg·25mL-1范围内吸光度和浓度有良好的线性关系,回归系数r=0.9994。对合成样品进行6次测定,相对误差为-0.93%。对两种实际样品分别进行6次测定,RSD分别为1.63%和1.19%。