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Sub-micron-sized anionic polystyrene latices have been coated with uniform layers of amorphous titanium dioxide by hydrolysis
of titanium tetrabutoxide in ethanolic solutions containing the polymer cores. The thickness of the coating layer could be
altered by adjusting the concentration of titanium tetrabutoxide and the amount of polymer latex added to the system. Hollow
colloidal spheres of crystal titanium dioxide were obtained by calcination of the so-coated polystyrene latices at an elevated
temperature.
Received: 29 July 1999/Accepted in revised form: 15 October 1999 相似文献
23.
焙烧条件对Ce离子价态影响的XPS研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在均相沉淀法制备含铈化合物的过程中,利用XRD和IR尤其是XPS研究了含Ce化合物在不同焙烧温度条件下产物的结构、铈离子的价态变化、化合物表面性质及其内核电子构型。XRD结果表明,焙烧温度的不同可产生不同的铈基化合物,导致产物中Ce离子价态的变化,IR结果也证实了这一点。单纯均相沉淀法得到的产物为三价的斜方晶系的单晶Ce_2O(CO_3)_2·H_2O(Ⅲ)微粒;将三价的Ce_2O(CO_3)_2·H_2O加热到200℃,产物转化成高价态六价化合物CeO(CO_3)_2·H_2O(Ⅵ);加热温度再升高到250℃,产物转化为稳定的四价化合物CeO_2(Ⅳ)。XPS通过对3种不同价态化合物的O(1s),Ce(3d),Ce(4d)峰进行精细扫描,研究了产物的表面性质及其内部电子构型,比较结果证实了不同价态铈化合物的形成是由于内核价电子构型的差异引起的。 相似文献
24.
Mixed metal oxides (MMOs) prepared by the mild thermal decomposition of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) differ in their reactivity on exposure to aqueous molybdate containing solutions. In this study, we investigate the reactivity of some T-Al containing MMOs (T=Co, Ni, Cu or Zn) towards the formation of layered transition metal molybdates (LTMs) possessing the general formula AT2(OH)(MoO4)2·H2O, where A=NH4+, Na+ or K+. The phase selectivity of the reaction was studied with respect to the source of molybdate, the ratio of T to Mo and the reaction pH. LTMs were obtained on reaction of Cu-Al and Zn-Al containing MMOs with aqueous solutions of ammonium heptamolybdate. Rehydration of these oxides in the presence of sodium or potassium molybdate yielded a rehydrated LDH phase as the only crystalline product. The LTM products obtained by the rehydration of MMO precursors were compared with LTMs prepared by direct precipitation from the metal salts in order to study the influence of preparative route on their chemical and physical properties. Differences were noted in the composition, morphology and thermal properties of the resulting products. 相似文献
25.
26.
采用改性沉积-沉淀法制备了系列低温水煤气变换Au/Fe2O3催化剂, 发现经300 ℃焙烧的样品具有较好的催化活性和稳定性. 并运用N2物理吸附、原位X 射线粉末衍射(in situ XRD)、程序升温还原(H2-TPR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术, 探讨焙烧温度对催化剂性能的影响机制, 同时对样品的失活原因进行了分析. 结果表明, 催化剂性能与焙烧温度引起的金和载体氧化铁的相互作用以及载体还原性质的变化密切相关. XPS表征结果说明, 尽管反应后在催化剂表面有碳酸盐或类碳酸盐物种生成, 但半定量分析表明这些物种的形成不是催化剂失活的主要原因;根据在低温水煤气变换反应过程中Au/Fe2O3催化剂的比表面积明显下降, 载体的结晶度也明显提高, 推断Au/Fe2O3催化剂载体的结构性质的变化才是其失活的主要原因. 相似文献
27.
Grossmann F Ehwald V du Fresne von Hohenesche C Unger KK 《Journal of chromatography. A》2001,910(2):218-236
Native mesoporous silica beads were subjected to a sequence of post-treatment procedure including hydrochloric acid treatment, calcination and subsequent rehydroxylation. The post-treated silica beads were converted into RP-18 silica by silanization with monochloro- and dimethoxy-n-octadecylsilanes, respectively. The influence of post-treatments and silanization conditions on the physico–chemical characteristics and on the chromatographic behaviour of the RP-silicas was studied. Also the changes of the pore structural parameters and the silanol group densities during the post-treatment and silanization were assessed. 相似文献
28.
不同形态SnO2纳米晶的制备 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this paper, we report our research on morphologically selective synthesis of nanocrystalline SnO2 by the combination of hydrothermal preparation and calcinated process. We firstly prepared SnO2 nanocrystals by the hydrothermal method at 140 ℃ for 3 h, using SnCI4 as the reactant. With the initial pH of 1.8 or 1.34, we prepared uniform and well-dispersed SnO2(tetragonal) nanocrystals, with similar size of about 3 nm, as determined by TEM. However, after being calcinated at 500 ℃ for 2 h, specimen 1 prepared at pH=1.8 showed the rod-like shape with an average size of 5 nm×20 nm, while the other one(specimen 2)prepaed at pH=1.34 showed a granular shape with an average size of 10 nm. XRD experiments showed that specimen 1 had a new diffraction peak after calcination, which was contributed by the (023) face of orthorhombic SnO2. The experiment results indicated that the morpholgy of SnO2 nanocrystals after calcination was closely related to the initial acidity of the reaction solution, possibly due to the difference in surface properties, e.g. the difference in crystalline faces exposed to the surface of particals, under different hydrothermal conditions. 相似文献
29.
In this study, novel ternary Fe2O3/ZnO/ZnFe2O4 (ZFO) composites were successfully prepared through a simple hydrothermal reaction with subsequent thermal treatment. The as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) measurement, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS). The photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (Rh B) under visible light irradiation indicated that the ZFO composites calcined at 500 °C has the best photocatalytic activity (the photocatalytic degradation efficiency can reach up to 95.7% within 60 min) and can maintain a stable photocatalytic degradation efficiency for at least three cycles. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of ZFO composites toward dye decomposition follows the order cationic Rh B > anionic methyl orange. Finally, using different scavengers, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals were identified as the primary active species during the degradation reaction of Rh B. 相似文献
30.
采用沉积沉淀法制备了一系列商业SnO2负载的纳米Au催化剂, 通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、X射线粉末衍射、透射电镜和X射线光电子能谱等方法研究了溶液酸碱性、沉淀剂种类、Au负载量和焙烧温度等对催化剂性质的影响.结果表明, Au的负载量以及催化剂的焙烧温度对Au颗粒状态有较大影响.其中, 于573 K焙烧的3%Au/SnO2催化剂在1,4-丁二醇氧化制备γ-丁内酯反应中的催化活性最好, TOF值是Au/TiO2催化剂的15倍.这主要是由于SnO2载体独特的性质对所负载的Au颗粒的影响. 相似文献