锂-硫化铜电池及其阴极行为的研究

本文研究了Li/CuS电池的一般放电行为,着重探讨了阴极放电反应,根据电池温度系数,X射线衍射试验,电池电动势与放电深度等试验数据,认为电池的阴极反应是锂在正极上进行电化学嵌入反应,从硫化铜阴极的循环伏安试来看,Li/CuS电池有可能成为二次电池.     

有限层Langmuir-Blodgett类晶型薄膜微观结构与超分子结构的小角X-射线散射研究 I: 硬脂酸镉盐膜系

本文应用小角X-射线散射,参考方介石与硬脂酸结晶结构,为硬脂酸镉盐膜系设计了七种可能的分子链模型,在微机上进行拟合研究。结果指出:链倾角Ach～24-27°，与β-硬脂酸结晶相近;碳键角Acc～115°,比正四面体模型有所扩张;链端羧酸镉属离子键结构,而非文献习用的共价键结构;堆砌缺陷d约0.156nm,小于文献值约0.1nm;酸/皂剂量比x=0.8-1.0,因制膜条件变化而不同;界面对链堆砌有明显影响。总之,小角X-射线散射可对超薄L-B薄膜(<10nm)的精细结构进行有效的研究。     

WCu4S4Cl2(NC5H5)6的合成及晶体结构

(NH_4)_2WS_4,CuCl 和 NH_2OH·HCl 在吡啶溶液中反应可得到红色晶体 WCu_4S_4Cl_2(NC_5H_5)_6.晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群为为 C_(2h)~6-C2/c.晶胞参数为:a=14.883(9),b=12.580(6),c=20.318(9)(?);β=100.50(4)°;Z=4.结构用重原子法解出,经最小二乘法修正,偏离因子R=0.069.分子具有 C_2点群对称性,中心 W 原子以平面四方形形式和四个 Cu 原子结合.W—Cu间平均距离为2.673(?).该化合物为钨铜的混合金属原子簇化合物.     

n型碲化镉单晶光电化学电池的研究II:金属离子修饰与光电化学催化

n-CdTe单晶表面用H2PtCl6或RuCl3溶液浸渍,显著提高了电池的效率及稳定性.除选择金属离子种类外,电极预处理及浸渍时间对修饰作用也有很大影响.固体表面分析表明,在PtCl6^2^-溶液中短时间浸渍的电极表面上有大量铂岛,能减少表面缺陷并催化界面反应.在RuCl3溶液中浸渍,将可使Ru^3^+离子吸附于电极表面,有利于光电化学反应.PdCl2溶液浸渍或长时间PtCl6^2^-溶液处理均得到不利的结果.     

二氯-二[2-四氧基-6-(2'-羟乙基亚胺基甲基)苯酚]合镉(II)的 合成、结构及激 光倍频效应

报道邻香草醛缩乙醇胺与氯化镉形成的配合物的合成,并对其进行了元素分析,IR等项表征,对配体与氯化镉形成的配合物进行了激光倍频效应的测试和X射线单晶结构分析。[CdC20H26N2O6Cl2].(1/2)C2H6O,Mr=596.76,单斜晶系,空间群:Cc,a=1.5475(3),b=1.1661(2),c=1.7295(3)nm,β=116.50(3)ⅲ,Z=4。用直接法解得结构。R=0.043,Rw=0.052。结构分析表明,镉分别与两个配体中的四个氧原子及两个氯阴离子配位形成畸变的八面体构型,这种不对称结构导致了该配合物晶体具有非线性光学性能。     

Mixed oxide/sulfide systems for photocatalysis

Mixed WO₃/WS₂ and ZnO/ZnS powders have been prepared by sulfidation of H₂WO₄ or ZnO. Photocatalytic degradation of phenol has been employed to test the photoactivity of the samples. The results indicated that the coupling of the two tungsten chalcogenides enhanced the rate of disappearance of the organic substrate. Unlikely, the ZnO/ZnS systems exhibited lower photocatalytic activitiy than pure ZnO. The different photocatalytic behaviour of the two mixed oxide/sulfide systems can be explained by a simultaneous displacement of electrons and holes between two different semiconductors.     

二铁氧还盐和四铁氧还盐的电子结构

本文采用CNDO/2-SD方法计算了二铁氧还盐及四铁氧还盐的电子结构.与Roussin 红盐及Roussin 黑盐的电子结构比较,相似之处为:在铁局部对称性为四面体的簇合物中, Fe-Fe间相互作用主要由铁的s,p电子的σ贡献产生, 金属d轨道的π相互作用在占有轨道区间同时具有成键和反键贡献, 因而对骨架的形成几乎无贡献. 骨架μ2-S桥含有孤对电子,有形成μ3-S桥的可能, 但以桥硫孤对电子贡献为主的轨道都不是前线轨道. 不同之处在于端基为SH的簇合物骨架电子的非定域性较端基为NO时更强. 二核簇合物Fe与端基SH的成键能力比与NO的小, 因而在自兜反应中容易失去端基SH而形成封闭型结构.     

利用碘离子增感效应和金电极导数阳极溶出法研究铜丶铅和镉的同时测定

A method of simultaneous determination of copper (II), lead (II) and cadmium (II) in sulphuric acid-iocide ion medium was established by derivative anodic stripping voltammetry (DASV) on the gold electrode. The peak theights of lead and cadmium were increased by enhancement effect of iodide ion and the peaks of bismuth and copper were well formed and completely resolved on gold electrode in the presence of iodide ion, therefore peak of copper is not affected by bismuth. The sensitivities for copper, lead and cadmium were very high and their peak potentials in the stripping voltammogram were +0.25, -0.2 and -0.27 volt, respectively. The dependence of peak height of these elemets on their concentrations was linear. The detection limits for copper, lead and cadmium were 0.2 0.2 and 0.05 ppb, respectively. We have further studied the electrode process by means of triangle cyclic voltammetry and proved that he electrode reaction of copper is reversible, and that the reversibility of electrode reactions of lead and cadmium is not good.