聚噁唑啉的合成及其共混物

综述了唑啉单体的合成及其聚合方法，并对其聚合物的化学改性及共混物作了概述。     

The crystallization characteristics of polypropylene and low ethylene content polypropylene copolymer with copolyesters

The crystallization characteristics of polypropylene (PP) and low ethylene content PP copolymers with and without nucleating agents were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). PP and PP copolymers was blended with three different kinds of co[poly(butylene terephthalate-p-oxybenzoate)] copolyesters, designated B28, B46, and B64, with the copolyester level varying from 5 to 15 wt.%. All samples were prepared by solution blending in hot xylene solvent at 50 °C. The crystallization behavior of samples was then studied by DSC. The results indicate that these three copolyesters accelerate the crystallization rate of PP and PP copolymers in a manner similar to that of a nucleating agent. The acceleration of crystallization rate was most pronounced in these blend systems with a maximum level at 5 wt.% of B28. The observed changes in crystallization behavior are explained by the effect of the composition and the amount of copolyester in the blends.     

角膜内皮细胞载体膜片的性质研究及移植试验

利用溶剂浇铸/颗粒沥滤技术制备出壳聚糖和硫酸软骨素共混膜, 研究了共混膜的透光性、 表面结构、 红外图谱、 X-射线衍射图谱以及生物相容性和生物降解性. 结果表明, 共混膜透明度高, 结构均匀, 孔隙大小合适, 壳聚糖分子与硫酸软骨素达到分子水平分散, 且分子间存在较强的相互作用, 共混膜具有良好的生物相容性和生物降解性. 以共混膜为载体培养兔角膜内皮细胞, 结果表明, 共混膜非常适合角膜细胞贴附生长, 10 d内长成良好单层细胞. 将载有角膜内皮细胞的膜片植入内皮缺损兔眼中, 在56 d内术眼基本保持透明, 之后角膜水肿, 逐渐模糊并出现新生血管, 在230 d时术眼新生血管基本消失, 角膜恢复透明.     

Structure and microporous formation of cellulose/silk fibroin blend membranes: Part II. Effect of post-treatment by alkali

Blend membranes (RCF1) were prepared from mixture solution of cellulose and silk fibroin (SF) in cuoxam by coagulating with acetone–acetic acid (4:1 by volume). The blend membranes were subjected to post-treatment with 10% NaOH aqueous solution, and their structure and properties were characterized by FT-IR, X-ray diffraction, DSC, SEM and DMTA. In previous work, cellulose/SF blend membranes (RCF2) prepared by coagulating with 10% NaOH aqueous solution formed a microporous structure, in which the SF as a pore former was almost completely removed from the membrane. However, when the blend membranes RCF1 were immersed in 10% NaOH aqueous solution for post-treatment, a strong hydrogen bonding between cellulose and SF inhibited the removal of SF. Although alkali is a good solvent for SF, the blend membranes RCF1 such obtained from cellulose and SF were alkali resistant. The crystallinity and the mean pore size of the blend membranes slightly decreased with increasing post-treatment time. This work provided a cellulose/silk blend membrane, which can be used under alkaline medium.     

聚乙烯尼龙共混物的PGC-MS和FT-IR联用鉴别

采用裂解气相色谱-质谱法和红外光谱法研究聚乙烯和尼龙共混物的组成;据此建立鉴别聚乙烯共混物组分的方法;红外光谱法可以准确鉴别出尼龙组分,裂解气相色谱-质谱法可以准确鉴别出聚乙烯组分以及尼龙的具体结构;二种方法结合使用,可以准确鉴别聚乙烯和尼龙共混物的组分。     

Influences of hyperbranched polyethylenimine on the reactive compatibilization of polycarbonate/polyamide blends

The influences of hyperbranched polyethylenimine(h PEI), which possesses many reactive amino end-groups, on the blending properties of bisphenol-A polycarbonate(PC) and amorphous polyamide(a PA) were systematically investigated. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) were used to observe the effect of h PEI on morphologies of PC and a PA phases in bulk blends. While the interfacial fracture toughness between planar PC and a PA layers with and without h PEI was studied by using augmented double cantilever beam(ADCB) method. Results show that the compatibility in PC/a PA blends can be significantly improved by adding a small amount of h PEI, mainly due to the interchange reactions between the polymers leading to the formation of block copolymers, cross-linked polymers and molecules with other constitutions. The augmented double cantilever beam experiments showed that the reactive process drastically reinforced the interfacial adhesion between planar layers of PC and a PA. However, degradation takes place during annealing at 180 °C, which was responsible for the production of small molar mass species of PC.     

Antifouling ultrafiltration membrane composed of polyethersulfone and sulfobetaine copolymer

A new random copolymer was synthesized by reacting hydrophilic N,N-dimethyl-N-methacryloxyethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl) (DMMSA) with hydrophobic butyl methacrylate (BMA) through a conventional radical polymerization. The as-prepared sulfobetaine copolymer (DMMSA–BMA) was blended with polyethersulfone (PES) to fabricate antifouling ultrafiltration membrane for BSA separation. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of blend membranes revealed concentration of sulfobetaine groups at the membrane surfaces that endowed the membrane with higher hydrophilicity and better antifouling property. For the membrane with 8.0 wt% DMMSA–BMA copolymer concentration (No. 5), irreversible fouling has been considerably reduced and the flux recovery rate of the blend membrane reached as high as 82.8%. Furthermore, the blend membrane could effectively resist BSA fouling in a wide pH range from 4.0 to 8.0.     

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(amide imide) polymer blends for proton conducting membrane

Poly(amide imide) (PAI) was synthesized using 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic anhydride (BTBA) and 4,4′-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MBPI). SPEEK/PAI blend membranes were prepared and investigated by NMR, GPC, FT-IR and AFM. The chemical structures of PAI and SPEEK were characterized by using NMR and FT-IR. The adsorption of the SPEEK/PAI blend membrane of water or methanol solution was also characterized. The significant swelling of the blend membrane in concentrated methanol solution was explained by the solubility parameter. The water diffusion coefficient (D_H2O) was related to the lambda value of the membrane. The SPEEK/PAI blend membrane had a lower proton conductivity and methanol permeability than Nafion. However, the relative selectivity (proton conductivity divided by methanol permeability) of the SPEEK/PAI 70/30 (w/w) blend membrane was 3.46 × 10⁴ S s cm⁻³, which is closed to that of Nafion (3.30 S s cm⁻³).     

动,静态硫化（NR＋SBR）／PE共混体系的结构与性能

用TEM研究了(NR SBR)/PE共混体系经动、静态硫化后的形态结构及其与力学性能的关系。未硫化和静态硫化体系的形态结构与其组成有关,均以含量大的组份为连续相;对动态硫化体系,当(NR=SBR)/PE<70/30时,均以PE为连续相,其性能主要依赖于构成连续相组份的性质。 动态硫化体系的T_g值低于静态体系,随PE组份含量的增加变化不大,而静态硫化体系的T_g值则随PE含量增加向高温方向迁移。用DSC测得动态硫化体系的结晶度比静态体系的大。前者的应力-应变性能也低于后者。     

PBT／PC共混体系流变性能与形态结构研究

采用毛细管流交仪测定了ＰＢＴ／ＰＣ共混物的表观粘度、剪切应力，观察了不同共混物组成和不同温度下共混物的流变行为，并借助扫描电镜对共混物和微观形态结构进行分析。结果表明：ＰＢＴ／ＰＣ熔体共混物的流变行为接近假塑性流体．温度对共混物的流变行为影响很大，共混物的熔体粘度在ＰＢＴ／ＰＣ为９０／１０和６０／４０时呈双极值．共混物为两相结构，ＰＣ含量为４－５０％时呈两互锁结构。