全文获取类型
收费全文 | 924篇 |
免费 | 38篇 |
国内免费 | 70篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 838篇 |
晶体学 | 13篇 |
力学 | 4篇 |
物理学 | 177篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 20篇 |
2022年 | 12篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 23篇 |
2019年 | 17篇 |
2018年 | 22篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 27篇 |
2015年 | 34篇 |
2014年 | 29篇 |
2013年 | 65篇 |
2012年 | 86篇 |
2011年 | 60篇 |
2010年 | 48篇 |
2009年 | 54篇 |
2008年 | 49篇 |
2007年 | 47篇 |
2006年 | 58篇 |
2005年 | 64篇 |
2004年 | 52篇 |
2003年 | 31篇 |
2002年 | 24篇 |
2001年 | 15篇 |
2000年 | 29篇 |
1999年 | 20篇 |
1998年 | 19篇 |
1997年 | 16篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1032条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
61.
Chao Huangfu Liang Fu Yuzhi Li Xueling Li Haijun Du Jianshan Ye 《Electroanalysis》2013,25(9):2238-2243
In the present work, a sensitive, facile and disposable sensing platform for trace analysis of heavy metal ions was developed at the Bi modified graphene‐poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate) composite film screen printed electrode (GR/PSS/Bi/SPE). The GR/PSS/Bi/SPE improved sensitivity and linearity due to the functionalization of graphene with negatively charged PSS providing more absorbing sites. The detection limit of the GR/PSS/Bi/SPE is found to be 0.042 µg L?1 for Cd2+ and 0.089 µg L?1 for Pb2+ with linear responses of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in the range of 0.5–120 µg L?1. Finally, the practical application was confirmed in real water with satisfactory results. 相似文献
62.
Die Yang Liang Wang Zuliang Chen Mallavarapu Megharaj Ravi Naidu 《Electroanalysis》2013,25(12):2637-2644
The bismuth‐coated electrode is known to be prone to errors caused by copper(II). This study investigates copper(II) interference at bismuth film electrode for the detection of lead(II) and cadmium(II). It was conducted using glassy carbon electrode, while the bismuth film was plated in situ simultaneously with the target metal ions at ? 1200 mV. Copper(II) presented in solution significantly reduced the sensitivity of the electrode, for example there was an approximately 70 % and 90 % decrease in peak signals for lead(II) and cadmium(II), respectively, at a 10‐fold molar excess of copper(II). The decrease in sensitivity was ascribed to the competition between copper and bismuth or the metal ions for surface active sites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analysis suggested a large decrease in the amount of bismuth nanoparticles formed on the electrode surface in the presence of copper(II) occurred, validating the competition between copper and bismuth ions for surface active sites. Recovery of the stripping signal of lead(II) and cadmium(II) was obtained by adding ferrocyanide ion to the solution. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to determine lead(II) and cadmium(II) in water samples and the method was validated by ICP‐MS technique. 相似文献
63.
The BiCl3‐catalyzed reaction of pyrroles with electron‐deficient olefins generated the corresponding Michael adducts in high yields. 相似文献
64.
A highly efficient protocol has been developed for the three-component reaction of an amine, an aldehyde, and diethyl phopshite catalyzed by ZrOCl2·8H2O, an environmentally friendly catalyst, at ambient temperature. The catalyst exhibited remarkable activity and tolerated a wide variety of functional groups, providing the desired amino phosphonates in excellent yields under solvent-free conditions. Alternatively, the reaction rate can be significantly enhanced by carrying out the reaction in a monomode microwave reactor as a promoter. 相似文献
65.
66.
A micro extraction – spectrophotometric procedure is developed for the determination of bismuth in pharmaceutical formulations.
The procedure is based on the extraction of tetraiodobismuthate(III) ion paired with benzyltributylammonium cation into chloroform.
The application of Nile Blue as internal standard (IS) enabled good analytical performance for micro-scale analysis. The ratio
between the absorbances measured at 491 nm (bismuth complex) and at 632 nm (IS) was taken as the analytical signal. The procedure
was carried out in Eppendorf tubes, lowering significantly the use of reagents and the volume of organic solvent. In the calibration
range up to 60 mgċl−1, the linear regression coefficient was 0.9999, the CV for 15 mgċl−1 and for 50 mgċl−1 Bi were 1.6% and 0.7% respectively. The results obtained in the analysis of pharmaceutical formulations were in good agreement
with the results of EDTA titration method.
Received November 25, 1999. Revision February 14, 2000. 相似文献
67.
Haojie Zhu Fangcheng Wang Lu Peng Tingting Qin Prof. Feiyu Kang Prof. Cheng Yang 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,135(2):e202212439
Rechargeable aqueous sodium ion batteries (ASIBs) are rising as an important alternative to lithium ion batteries, owing to their safety and low cost. Metal anodes show a high theoretical capacity and nonselective hydrated ion insertion for ASIBs, yet their large volume expansion and sluggish reaction kinetics resulted in poor electrochemical stability. Herein, we demonstrate an electrode cyclability enhancement mechanism by inlaying bismuth (Bi) nanoparticles on graphene nanosheets through chemical bond, which is achieved by a unique laser induced compounding method. This anchored metal-graphene heterostructure can effectively mitigate volume variation, and accelerate the kinetic capability as the active Bi can be exposed to the electrolyte. Our method can achieve a reversible capacity of 122 mAh g−1 at a large current density of 4 A g−1 for over 9500 cycles. This finding offers a desirable structural design of other metal anodes for aqueous energy storage systems. 相似文献
68.
Qin Zhu Shuoqi Zhang Prof. Dr. Jing Ma Prof. Dr. Jun Zhu Prof. Dr. Shuhua Li Prof. Dr. Guixiang Zeng 《化学:亚洲杂志》2023,18(1):e202201069
Transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene with ammonia borane mediated by pincer bismuth complex 1 was systematically investigated through density functional theory calculations. An unusual metal-ligand cooperation mechanism was disclosed, in which the saturation/regeneration of the C=N functional group on the pincer ligand plays an essential role. The reaction is initiated by the hydrogenation of the C=N bond (saturation) with ammonia borane to afford 3CN , which is the rate-determining step with Gibbs energy barrier (ΔG≠) and Gibbs reaction energy (ΔG) of 25.6 and −7.3 kcal/mol, respectively. 3CN is then converted to a Bi−H intermediate through a water-bridged pathway, which is followed up with the transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene to produce the final product N,N′-diphenylhydrazine and regenerate the catalyst. Finally, the catalyst could be improved by substituting the phenyl group for the tert-butyl group on the pincer ligand, where the ΔG≠ value (rate-determining step) decreases to 24.0 kcal/mol. 相似文献
69.
70.