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51.
To improve the oil absorbency of caster oil‐based polyurethane foam, nano‐organic‐montmorillonite (OMMT) was used for the additives. The aim of this study is to evaluate the oil diffusion mechanism and dispersion uniformity of OMMT modified caster oil‐based polyurethane (MPU) using experiments and molecular dynamic simulation. Molecule movement and molecule trajectory of oil was investigated by molecular dynamic simulation and numerical simulation. According to the quantitative analyzing results, the diffusion model was put forward. The average diffusion coefficient of crude oil in 0, 1, 2 wt%, 4, and 6 wt% MPU is 2.4 × 10?4 cm2/s, 2.6 × 10?4 cm2/s, 3.0 × 10?4 cm2/s, 3.2 × 10?4 cm2/s, and 3.3 × 10?4 cm2/s, respectively. It indicated that crude oil appeared gradient in the MPU. The optimal diffusion direction of crude oil is (0, 0, 1) crystal face, and the small particles of crude oil are easy to be adsorbed. The two‐dimensional diffusion trajectory of crude oil is nonlinear. The diffusion model includes the diffusion of crude oil at the interface of oil and polyurethane, surface diffusion and pore diffusion, and pore adsorption. Furthermore, the diffusion model showed that the van der Waals force was the main reason for crude oil diffusion or adsorption. OMMT could improve the ability of oil/water separation of polyurethane. 相似文献
52.
B. Nabeth I. Corniglion J. P. Pascault 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1996,34(3):401-417
Linear polyurethane, linear segmented polyurethane, polyurethane networks, and polyurethane acrylate networks of various composition were synthesized. The variation of Tg with the type of macrodiol, its length, and the chemical composition of the polymer were studied in relation with the percentage of soft segments, the molar mass between crosslinks, and the concentration of urethane bonds. In this work, the networks were considered as composed of chain segments of various composition between point-like crosslinks. The chemical heterogeneities of the networks were not taken into account. For polyurethanes, it was shown that Tg values are essentially controlled by the amount of urethane bonds. For polyurethane acrylates, the Tg values are dependent on the amount of urethane bonds but also on the presence of crosslinks whose number is varying with the excess of diisocyanate of the first step three times faster for PUA compared with PU. No clear relation was observed between Tg and the molar mass between point-like crosslinks. Another approach considering the network heterogeneities is indispensable and will be used in a following work. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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通过分子设计,将带有-OH端基的钌(Ⅱ)联吡啶配合物[Ru(bpy)2L]PF6{L=希夫碱4-[(N甲-基-N羟-乙基)氨基]苯甲醛缩肼基硫代甲酸甲酯}与甲苯-2,4异-氰酸酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯发生共聚合反应,合成了新的侧链型聚氨酯高分子钌聚合物(4)。4的结构经红外光谱和差热分析表征。 相似文献
56.
In this study, nineteen unmodified lignins from various sources (hardwood, softwood, wheat straw, and corn stover) and isolation processes (kraft, soda, organosolv, sulfite, and enzymatic hydrolysis) were used to replace 30 wt.% of petroleum-based polyol in rigid polyurethane/polyisocyanurate (PUR/PIR) foam formulations. Lignin samples were characterized by measuring their ash content, hydroxyl content (Phosphorus Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy), impurities (Inductively Coupled Plasma), and pH. After foam formulation, properties of lignin-based foams were evaluated and compared with a control foam (with no lignin) via cell morphology, closed-cell content, compression strength, apparent density, thermal conductivity, and color analysis. Lignin-based foams passed all measured standard specifications required by ASTM International C1029-15 for type 1 rigid insulation foams, except for three foams. These three foams had poor compressive strengths, significantly larger cell sizes, darker color, lower closed-cell contents, and slower foaming times. The foam made with corn stover enzymatic hydrolysis lignin showed no significant difference from the control foam in terms of compressive strength and outperformed all other lignin-based foams due to its higher aliphatic and p-hydroxyphenyl hydroxyl contents. Lignin-based foams that passed all required performance testing were made with lignins having higher pH, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and aliphatic/p-hydroxyphenyl hydroxyl group contents than those that failed. 相似文献
57.
水性聚氨酯涂料作为一种新兴的环保涂料,在防腐领域得到了广泛应用。然而,水性聚氨酯涂料交联密度低,耐水性稍差,不利于其长效防腐性能。利用具有独特物理化学特性的二维材料作为水性聚氨酯的填料,可以有效改善其性能。本文主要介绍了三种二维材料(石墨烯、MXene和六方氮化硼)作为填料与水性聚氨酯进行复合,并重点介绍了石墨烯、MXene和六方氮化硼的改性方法,并对水性聚氨酯复合涂层的性能进行了阐述和比较,最后对未来二维材料/水性聚氨酯的复合材料的发展和应用进行了展望。 相似文献
58.
以均苯四甲酸酐、 D,L-苯丙氨酸和1,4-丁炔二醇为原料合成了一种含有酰亚胺环和炔基的二醇, 并以其为扩链剂, 采用预聚体法, 与4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMG)反应, 合成了不同硬段含量的主链含有酰亚胺环和炔基的热塑性聚酰亚胺型聚氨酯弹性体. 用红外光谱(FTIR)、 电子拉力机、 热失重分析(TG)、 广角X射线衍射(XRD)、 UL-94垂直燃烧和极限氧指数对聚酰亚胺型聚氨酯弹性体进行了表征. 结果表明, 这种聚氨酯呈现出无定形结构; 其拉伸强度随着硬段含量的增加而增大; 与传统的热塑性聚氨酯相比, 酰亚胺环和炔基改性的聚酰亚胺型聚氨酯弹性体的热分解过程非常缓慢, 呈现出较好的热稳定性; 不同硬段含量的聚酰亚胺型聚氨酯弹性体的UL-94垂直燃烧均达到V-2级别; 其极限氧指数随着硬段含量的增加而增大. 相似文献
59.
丁苯、丁腈基聚氨酯的形态与性能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用示差扫描量热法 (DSC)、红外分光光度计 (FTIR)和原子力显微镜 (AFM)研究了端羟基聚丁二烯 苯乙烯共聚物 (HTBS)、端羟基聚丁二烯 丙烯腈共聚物 (HTBN)和端羟基聚丁二烯 (HTPB)与甲苯二异氰酸酯、1 ,4 丁二醇构成的溶液法聚二烯烃基聚氨酯 (PU)的形态结构 .结果表明HTPB和HTBS基PU的相分离程度很大 ,而HTBN基PU的相分离程度小 .这可能归因于HTBS软段的极性低 ,不能与硬段形成氢键 ,而HTBN软段中的腈基具有很强的极性 ,且可以与硬段形成氢键作用 ,增加了软硬段间的相容性 ,相分离程度明显降低 .AFM表明HTBN PU随着硬段含量提高 ,表面粗糙度增大 ,由软段为连续相逐渐过渡到双连续结构 .在硬段含量 6 3%时 ,HTBN和HTPB基PU均呈双连续结构 ,而HTBS PU中硬段为连续相 .HTBN PU软段的相区尺寸在1 2nm左右 ,表面粗糙度较大 ,HPBS PU软段的相区尺寸在 1 1nm左右 ,表面粗糙度最小 ,HTPB PU存在 1 4nm和 5 0nm大小不等的软段相区尺寸 .力学性能表明 ,在软段中引入苯乙烯和丙烯腈结构 ,可使聚氨酯抗张强度分别提高 1 5和 2倍 ,模量和断裂伸长率也明显提高 相似文献
60.