Dopant induced morphologies of ZnS nanoparticles

We have reported the synthesis of cubic (zinc blende) phase ZnS: Ni²⁺ nanoparticles using a simple wet‐chemical method. Synthesized ZnS: Ni²⁺ nanoparticles had been characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analysis. Surface morphologies were studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of selected samples were also carried out to confirm the presence of capping agent on the surface of the material. We have demonstrated that various morphologies like spherical, tetrapods, sheet and long‐armed multipods are emerged by simple chemical route without any vigorous reaction parameters and changing the concentration of dopant ions only. The probable mechanism for such morphologies has also been suggested.     

Ultrathin CdSe nanosheets: Synthesis and application in simultaneous determination of catechol and hydroquinone

Ultrathin crystalline CdSe nanosheets have been synthesized through a facile solution processes. Their application to simultaneous electrochemical determination of catechol and hydroquinone is demonstrated. The few-layer single crystalline CdSe modified electrode exhibits strong electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of a mixture of catechol and hydroquinone. The excellent analytical performance makes the ultrathin CdSe nanomaterials promising for the development of electrochemical sensors for potential applications in medicine, biotechnology and environmental chemistry.     

多孔柿饼状BiOBr光催化剂的简易溶剂热法合成（英文）

以硝酸铋和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为Bi和Br源,采用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)辅助溶剂热法首次成功制备了多孔纳米片聚结的柿饼状溴氧化铋(BiOBr)。通过多种分析技术对分级微米结构BiOBr材料的物化性质进行了表征,并对其在可见光照射下降解亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化活性进行了评价。结果表明,溶剂热时间和PVP的加入量对产物的颗粒形貌和结晶度有显著影响。当加入0.7 g PVP时,120℃溶剂热处理12 h,可得到多孔纳米片聚结的柿饼状BiOBr样品。多孔柿饼状BiOBr样品的比表面积为4 m2·g^-1,带隙能为2.64 eV,在可见光区具有较强的光吸收性能,具有良好的可见光驱动降解MB的光催化活性和稳定性。我们推断,多孔纳米片聚结的柿饼状BiOBr样品具有优良的可见光催化性能,这与该样品的较高比表面积、多孔结构、低带隙能以及独特的颗粒形貌有关。     

铜纳米粒子负载于钴纳米片的双金属催化剂催化CO选择性加氢

使用赖氨酸作为表面活性剂模板, 合成了Cu纳米粒子负载于Co纳米片的双金属催化剂Cu/Co. 与常规的Cu-Co双金属纳米颗粒催化剂相比, Cu/Co催化剂对CO选择性加氢反应表现出特殊的结构效应, 提高了CO转化率和高级醇选择性, 降低了甲烷选择性. Cu/Co催化剂中, Cu(111)面与Co(100)面相互作用的功能化界面有利于深入研究金属-金属的相互作用. 这种双金属催化剂可以将模型催化剂和现实催化应用联系起来, 将有助于获得对合成气转化制高级醇反应机理的本质认识.     

氧化钌/石墨纳米片复合阵列电极的制备及其电容性能

通过电化学剥离法在石墨棒表面构筑了层数不等、彼此平行且垂直于基底的二维石墨纳米片(GNS)阵列, 而后采用阴极还原电沉积法在GNSs 表面均匀地包覆了一层氧化钌(RuO₂·xH₂O)薄膜, 形成了RuO₂·xH₂O/GNS 复合阵列电极. 电化学测试表明, RuO₂·xH₂O/GNS 复合阵列电极具有优良的超电容性能, 在0.5mol·L^-1 H₂SO₄电解质溶液中, 扫描速率为5 mV·s^-1, 电位窗口为0.9 V时, 其比电容高达4226 F·m^-2, 并且具有优异的循环性能, 经过20000圈充放电循环后, 电容保持率高达94.18%.     

骨架结构多孔TiO2薄膜增强染料敏化太阳能电池性能

以空心球状TiO₂为基体、以片状TiO₂为骨架,采用刮刀法制备了染料敏化太阳能电池的多孔TiO₂光阳极薄膜。光电转化效率测试结果表明,当作为骨架支撑材料的片状TiO₂含量为20wt%时,光阳极薄膜组装成太阳能电池的光电转化效率达到最高值4.53%,比商业P₂₅制备的无孔无骨架TiO₂薄膜电池(4.06%)及无骨架结构的多孔TiO₂薄膜电池(4.17%)的性能均有显著提高。当片状TiO₂的最佳含量为20wt%电池薄膜厚度为33μm时,太阳能电池光电转化效率进一步提升为7.06%。光电性能增强的原因是骨架结构有利于快速传输电子并增大染料吸附量。本研究通过设计制备具有骨架结构的多孔TiO₂薄膜为提高染料敏化太阳能电池性能提供了新的思路。     

多孔纳米片状石墨相氮化碳的制备及其可见光催化

以三聚氰胺和硫脲为前驱体,通过简易的氧气刻蚀制备了多孔纳米片状氮化碳。相比于三聚氰胺制备的薄片状氮化碳（MCNS）,以硫脲制备的多孔纳米片状的g-C₃N₄（TCNS）片层更薄,其单片厚度约为30 nm,且TCNS的层状结构明显,能带隙约为3.03 eV,高于石墨相氮化碳（2.77 eV）,更宽的禁带赋予载流子更强的氧化还原能力。较大的比表面积（114 m²·g^-1）可以提供更多的活性位点,同时纳米片状结构可以促进电子与空穴的有效分离和转移,且能有效地降低光生载流子的复合率,因而TCNS具有更高的光催化活性。     

p-n异质结型光催化剂BiOBr/NaBiO3的制备与可见光催化活性

采用化学蚀刻法在NaBiO3表面利用HBr与NaBiO3的反应原位沉积BiOBr,制备了异质结型光催化剂.利用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪(UV-Vis DRS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对其相结构、微观形貌和光吸收性能进行了表征.光催化实验结果表明,BiOBr/NaBiO3在可见光下可以有效降解罗丹明B(RhB)溶液,当BiOBr与NaBiO3的摩尔比为40.1%时,BiOBr/NaBiO3具有最大催化活性.通过不同牺牲剂的加入及荧光实验结果推测了该异质结型材料光催化过程中光生载流子的传输方向及活性物种.研究结果表明,BiOBr/NaBiO3催化活性的增强主要归结为两者之间形成了有效的异质结,其内建电场能够促进光生载流子的分离,同时h+在光催化降解过程中是主要的活性物种.     

A New p‐Metal‐n Structure AgBr‐Ag‐BiOBr with Superior Visible‐Light‐Responsive Catalytic Performance

A novel visible‐light‐driven AgBr‐Ag‐BiOBr photocatalyst was synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. Taking advantage of both p‐n heterojunctions and localized surface plasmon resonance, the p‐metal‐n structure exhibited a superior performance concerning degradation of methyl orange under visible‐light irradiation (λ>420 nm). A possible photodegradation mechanism in the presence of AgBr‐Ag‐BiOBr composites was proposed, and the radical species involved in the degradation reaction were investigated. HO₂^?/^?O₂^? played the same important role as ^?OH in the AgBr‐Ag‐BiOBr photocatalytic system, and both the electron and hole were fully used for degradation of organic pollutants. A dual role of metallic Ag in the photocatalysis was proposed, one being surface plasmon resonance and the other being an electron‐hole bridge. Due to the distinctive p‐metal‐n structure, the visible‐light absorption, the separation of photogenerated carriers and the photocatalysis efficiency were greatly enhanced.     

低银量掺杂TiO2纳米片薄膜的制备及其抗菌性能研究

采用溶胶凝胶和溶剂热两步法,在玻璃基底上垂直生长Ag-TiO₂纳米片薄膜.采用SEM、TEM、XRD、XPS等对样品进行表征,研究了不同前躯体浓度对Ag-TiO₂纳米片生长的影响,并检测了Ag-TiO₂纳米片薄膜的抗菌性能.结果表明,所获得的低银量掺杂改性的二氧化钛纳米片薄膜在紫外灯照射和黑暗条件下,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均具有优异的抗菌性能.