Cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes of a cyclam derivative as carriers in iodide-selective electrodes

The ligand 1,4,8-tri(n-octyl)-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (L¹) containing pendant octyl groups has been synthesised. L¹ is a tetraazamacrocycle derived from the well-known cyclam unit, and the Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ complexes, [Ni(L¹)]²⁺ and [Co(L¹)]²⁺, have been isolated and characterised. The ability of the nickel(II) and cobalt(II) complexes to act as anion receptors has been studied by using them as ionophores in membrane-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). The PVC membrane containing the complex [Ni(L¹)]²⁺ and 2-nitrophenyloctylether as plasticizer shows a Nernstian response against iodide in a concentration range from 1×10⁻¹ to 4×10⁻⁵ M I⁻ with a detection limit of 1.6×10⁻⁵ M I⁻ and a slope of 58.6 mV/pI⁻ at pH 7 (25 °C). In comparison, the electrode containing [Co(L¹)]²⁺ as ionophore gave a sub-Nernstian slope and a low lifetime. A comparison between the iodide-selective electrode containing [Ni(L¹)]²⁺ and other reported iodide-selective electrodes is also reported.     

Simultaneous determination of mercury and arsenic by anodic stripping voltammetry

An electrochemical method for the simultaneous determinations of Hg^II concentration and total As^III and As^V concentration has been developed. The method does not require the additional preliminary step of the chemical reduction of As^V to As^III, or oxidation of As^III to As^V before stripping analysis takes place. Also, the method for the simultaneous determination of Hg^II concentration and As^III concentration is described. Measurements were performed in 0.1 M HCl using a gold-plated graphite electrode as sensor. Detection limits for both methods are below 0.4 ppb. Relative standard deviation did not exceed 15%. The possible interference by other trace metals was investigated. Analyses of natural water and industrial solutions were made using proposed methods and AAS. The t-test demonstrates that there was no significant difference between the results obtained with these methods. Proposed methods decrease the time of analysis because concentrations of the Hg^II and arsenic ions were measured simultaneously. Also, the removal of the additional step of chemical reduction of As^V to As^III or oxidation of As^III to As^V decreases analysis time, and also reduces the chance of contamination due to the use of additional reagents.     

Benchmarking of ruthenium initiators for the ROMP of a norbornenedicarboxylic acid ester

The kinetic study of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a diester functionalised norbornene derivative, (±)-exo,endo-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester, with a series of ruthenium benzylidene complexes revealed the applicability of these initiators for well defined polymerization reactions. Values for the rate of initiation as well as the rate of propagation of the initiators were determined and correlated to the molecular weight and polydispersity of the isolated polymers. As the only initiator providing an entry to virtually monodisperse polymers the classical “first generation Grubbs-catalyst” was identified, while N-heterocyclic carbene based initiators polymerized with a rate of propagation much higher than the rate of initiation yielding polymers with a broader molecular weight distribution.     

Samarium diiodide promoted formation of 1,2-diketones and 1-acylamido-2-substituted benzimidazoles from N-acylbenzotriazoles

N-Acylbenzotriazoles, when treated with samarium diiodide in THF, undergo self-coupling reaction to afford 1,2-diketones in good to excellent yields; while when treated with samarium diiodide in CH₃CN, they undergo ring-opening reaction to afford 1-acylamido-2-alkyl (or aryl) benzimidazoles in reasonable to good yields. A plausible mechanism was suggested.     

Co(II) Schiff碱载氧载氮性能研究

运用INDO－UHF计算方法研究了CO(Ⅱ) Schiff碱的载氧特性，结果表明，Co(Ⅱ)与O_2的作用是通过σ键组合，并具有较明显的反铁磁性耦合作用, 论证了作为第五轴向配体在可逆载氧过程中的必要性，对比研究了Co－N_2的相互作用. 计算表明，CO(Ⅱ)的Schiff碱络合物可能作为氧氮分离的活性物质，从而具有一定的、潜在的工业应用价值.     

Thermal Analysis of Hexachloroplumbate and Chlorides Containing Complex Divalent Lead 2,2'-bipyridine Cations

Lead(II) 2,2'-bipyridine hexachloroplumba tetetrahydrate was synthesized and investigated by DTA, TG and DTG. IR spectroscopy and other methods enabled the identification of some of the decomposition products. Comparative studies on the corresponding chlorides: [Pb(bipy)]Cl₂ and [Pb(bipy)₃]Cl₂, which can be considered as precursors of the hexachloroplumbate, were also undertaken. X-ray measurements enabled the tentative determination of the crystal structure of [Pb(bipy)]Cl₂. Hexachloroplumbate decomposes with the liberation of chlorine, water and organic ligands, and the process is accompanied by the simultaneous transition of Pb(IV)→Pb(II). Chlorides release only ligands upon heating. Residues comprised always PbCl₂. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Binding of hexacyanoferrate(II) by aliphatic amines in aqueous solution

The stability of hexacyanoferrate(II)-amine(methylamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine and tetraethylenepentamine) was determined potentiometrically. Species Fe(CN)₆(A)H _j ^(j–4) (A=amine) are formed in all the systems investigated, with j=1...n+2 (n=number of aminogroups). Some other complexes Fe(CN)₆(A)_iH_j (with i>1) were also found. The stability of these complexes is fairly high: the full protonated amine species, show for the reaction Fe(CN)₆ ^4- + H_nAⁿ⁺ = Fe(CN)₆(A)H_n ^(n-4) an equilibrium constant given by logK=0.686+2.10n. Factors affecting the stability are discussed in comparison with similar systems, together with the importance of interferences.     

Amino-Modified Silicate Xerogels Complexed with Cu(II) as Catalyst Precursors. Coordination State and Thermal Decomposition

The sol-gel process is a useful method for preparing two series of organically and co-ordinately modified xerogels of the types [CuN _n ]·N _5–n ·5xSiO_4/2 (n < 4) and [Cu(N–N)_n]·(N–N)_2–n ·2x SiO_4/2(n 2), where N = NH₂(CH₂)₃ SiO_3/2, N–N = NH₂(CH₂)₂NH·(CH₂)₃SiO_3/2 and x = [SiO_4/2]/[N] or [SiO_4/2]/[N–N]. The amino groups in the materials are coordinately active and participate partly in the coordination sphere of Cu(II) ions. The composition of the coordination sphere can be varied with the SiO_4/2 content and also as a result of the thermal decomposition of the organic residues at higher temperatures.Because the xerogel materials are considered to be catalyst precursors, this study is focused on their coordination and thermal properties. The prepared xerogels, such as silica, aminated silicates with N and N–N, as well as those entities complexed with Cu(II), were characterised by FT-IR spectroscopy. During gelation and thermal decomposition the materials were analysed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The xerogels were additionally studied by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The gaseous products of the thermal decomposition of these materials in an Ar atmosphere were investigated by the use of FT-IR spectroscopy coupled with TG and DTG thermal analysis. These data were complemented by temperature-programmed decomposition (TPDec) in a 2% O₂ + 98% Ar stream coupled with quadrupole mass spectroscopy.     

Simultaneous determination of cobalt,copper, iron and vanadium in crude petroleum oils by HPLC

Summary A method has been developed for the simultaneous formation and solvent extraction of cobalt (II), copper (II), iron (II) and vanadium (IV) complexes of bis (acetylpivalylmethane)ethylenediamine (H₂APM₂en) in methyl isobutyl ketone. The complexes are eluted from a reversed phase HPLC column with a mixture of methanol:water:acetonitrile and detection was at 260 nm. The method has been applied to the simultaneous determination of cobalt, copper, iron and vanadium in crude petroleum oils at the ng level.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定天然水中微量铁的形态

研究了用抗坏血酸为还原剂,使二价铁离子与邻菲啰啉(phen)形成螯合物,用硝基苯萃取,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定有机相中的铁。方法检出限为1.7ng·ml~(-1),回收率为98.0％～109.6％,线性范围为0～10.0μg·ml~(-1)(原水相),线性相关系数为0.9994。测定结果与ICP-AES法结果对照相对误差小于9.46％。